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991.
S. BaumgartenAuthor VitaeR. RobelekAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,156(2):798-804
Cells regulate their volume in response to changes in osmolarity of both, their extracellular and intracellular environments. As stability of the cell volume is a compelling exigency for cellular integrity, techniques for a sensitive, time-resolved volume measurement of adherently grown mammalian cells attract considerable interest, especially in the field of cell physiology and biology. In this study we apply a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensor for the comparative analysis of the volume responses of two renal epithelial cell types to non-isotonic challenges. The on-line, label-free and non-invasive biosensor format shows distinct similarities and differences in the reaction kinetics of the two cell types. Furthermore regulatory volume responses to the osmotic stimuli as well as their inhibition by Gd3+ ions can be observed with a high time-resolution. Limit-of-detection measurements indicate the high sensitivity of the sensor capable of detecting cellular volume responses of adherently grown mammalian cells to osmotic stimuli well below a bioanalytical relevant value of 5 mOsm/kg. 相似文献
992.
现代结构普遍大量使用铁磁性钢材料作为承载构件,其受力状态直接关系到结构整体的安全性。由于应力对钢材料磁特征参量的影响比较显著,故在分析了基本原理的前提下,设计了一种管筒式电磁应力传感器。采用有限元仿真技术FLUX软件检验磁路设计的合理性,并提出了实验与仿真相结合的方法对传感器输出电压进行标定。通过实验与仿真计算结果对比,验证了该种方法的正确性,为该种应力检测传感器提供了一种高效的标定方法,使其更加具有市场价值。 相似文献
993.
Utility of an image-based canopy reflectance modeling tool for remote estimation of LAI and leaf chlorophyll content at the field scale 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
This paper presents a physically-based approach for estimating critical variables describing land surface vegetation canopies, relying on remotely sensed data that can be acquired from operational satellite sensors. The REGularized canopy reFLECtance (REGFLEC) modeling tool couples leaf optics (PROSPECT), canopy reflectance (ACRM), and atmospheric radiative transfer (6SV1) model components, facilitating the direct use of at-sensor radiances in green, red and near-infrared wavelengths for the inverse retrieval of leaf chlorophyll content (Cab) and total one-sided leaf area per unit ground area (LAI). The inversion of the canopy reflectance model is constrained by assuming limited variability of leaf structure, vegetation clumping, and leaf inclination angle within a given crop field and by exploiting the added radiometric information content of pixels belonging to the same field. A look-up-table with a suite of pre-computed spectral reflectance relationships, each a function of canopy characteristics, soil background effects and external conditions, is accessed for fast pixel-wise biophysical parameter retrievals. Using 1 m resolution aircraft and 10 m resolution SPOT-5 imagery, REGFLEC effectuated robust biophysical parameter retrievals for a corn field characterized by a wide range in leaf chlorophyll levels and intermixed green and senescent leaf material. Validation against in-situ observations yielded relative root-mean-square deviations (RMSD) on the order of 10% for the 1 m resolution LAI (RMSD = 0.25) and Cab (RMSD = 4.4 μg cm− 2) estimates, due in part to an efficient correction for background influences. LAI and Cab retrieval accuracies at the SPOT 10 m resolution were characterized by relative RMSDs of 13% (0.3) and 17% (7.1 μg cm− 2), respectively, and the overall intra-field pattern in LAI and Cab was well established at this resolution. The developed method has utility in agricultural fields characterized by widely varying distributions of model variables and holds promise as a valuable operational tool for precision crop management. Work is currently in progress to extend REGFLEC to regional scales. 相似文献
994.
995.
HALT技术可在产品设计阶段快速消除设计缺陷,缩短研发时间和成本,迅速提高产品的质量和固有可靠性。本文从HALT试验的背景出发,介绍了HALT试验的基本原理和意义。在对HALT箱各方面性能验证的基础上,针对我司11kW变频器,详细讲述了HALT试验的具体操作过程。 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
针对冷却器在发电厂寿命期内频繁承受热冲击作用而导致设备出现疲劳破坏问题,用ANSYS建立设备管程结构温度场和应力场分析模型,计算瞬变热冲击工况下结构的热应力,并按ASME标准对设备的疲劳强度进行评定.数值仿真结果可明确冷却器裂纹产生的主要原因和部位,为结构的安全性改进提供参考. 相似文献
999.
自然斜坡在形成演化过程中,受区域构造、河谷下切、地壳隆升以及外部营力(如风化卸荷)作用,加之岩体物理力学特性等多种地质环境因素影响,可在岸坡浅表层(由表及里)形成应力释放区、应力调整区和原始地应力稳定区;但在岸坡(建基)岩体人工开挖过程中,由于爆破扰动及岩体瞬间卸荷等影响,以上应力分区将重新波动调整。声波VP作为评价岩体质量优劣的一个重要指标,因具备简便、快速、准确、可靠等特点得到了广泛应用与发展。现就此以前期勘探平硐声波测试及开挖坝面岩体质量单孔声波检测结果为基础,讨论建基岩体开挖前后波速曲线的形态特征以及应力分区分布范围,并分析导致曲线形态的地质原因,以期为坝基开挖及后续声波监测工作等提供一定的科学依据。 相似文献
1000.
A new approach for the solution of singular optima in truss topology optimization with stress and local buckling constraints 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
The present paper investigates problems of truss topology optimization under local buckling constraints. A new approach for
the solution of singular problems caused by stress and local buckling constraints is proposed. At first, a second order smooth-extended
technique is used to make the disjoint feasible domains connect, then the so-called ε-relaxed method is applied to eliminate
the singular optima from problem formulation. By means of this approach, the singular optimum of the original problem caused
by stress and local buckling constraints can be searched approximately by employing the algorithms developed for sizing optimization
problems with high accuracy. Therefore, the numerical problem resulting from stress and local buckling constraints can be
solved in an elegant way. The applications of the proposed approach and its effectiveness are illustrated with several numerical
examples.
Received May 2, 2000 相似文献