The Impact of Intermittent Aeration on the Operation of Air‐Lift Tubular Membrane Bioreactors under Sub‐Critical Conditions

Abstract

An air‐lift sidestream polymeric multi‐tube membrane module has been investigated to compare the hydraulic performance of an MBR challenged with municipal wastewater and landfill leachate. In both cases the MBRs were operated under the same conditions of membrane aeration rate and sludge retention time, but with hydraulic retention time for the leachate set by scoping trials based on porous pots to 48 hours. Operation under conventional continuous aeration conditions yielded critical flux values, based on classical flux step experiments, of 36–42 l m^?2 hr^?1 for the sewage‐fed trial compared with ～24 l m^?2 hr^?1 for the leachate‐fed trial. Substantial improvements in operating flux, between 20 and 100%, were obtained when operating with air pulsing (1s on/s off). Intermittent operation under more conventional conditions (5s on/5s off) yielded no improvement.     

常压固定层间歇气化技术的优劣

简单介绍了常压固定层间歇气化技术发展的现状和技术概况,并对常压固定层间歇气化技术优劣进行了分析。说明了该技术虽然落后,但是通过各种技术改造仍然在小合成氨企业中得到广泛的应用。     

富氧连续气化和空气间歇增氧气化技术应用情况调查

介绍富氧连续气化的进展,应用中存在的问题,以及富氧气化技术目前的改进情况。     

多孔道底吹喷枪搅拌的数值模拟与强化机理分析

底吹富氧搅拌是熔池熔炼的一种关键强化技术,对品位低、杂质多的矿产资源具有很好适应性,底吹喷枪是其关键工艺设备。本文将数值模拟与数理统计相结合,建立了多孔道底吹喷枪强化搅拌的三维数学模型,并通过水力学模型实验对数学模型进行了验证。针对模型计算结果,以气泡上升时间、液体的气含率方差和平均湍流强度等为评价标准,对直管及多孔道底吹喷枪搅拌过程的混合均匀度进行对比研究。结果表明：多孔道喷枪喷吹方式在提高熔体搅动能的同时能使中上部熔体的混合更为充分,并在生产实践中取得了良好的应用效果。     

含断续节理脆性岩体灌浆效果研究

本文针对含断续节理天然岩体灌浆前后不同节理接触度,运用断裂力学理论建立相应的岩体抗剪强度分析模型。并用有限单元法研究了节理面不同接触度条件下岩体沿节理面方向综合抗剪强度参数的变化,从而定量地给出了灌浆效果与岩体强度的相互关系。     

Effect of operating factors on liquid–liquid mass transfer and dispersion pattern of sedimentary liquid in a mechanically stirred vessel

Liquid–liquid dispersion and mass transfer were investigated in mechanically stirred vessels without baffles by changing operation factors such as an impeller rotation speed, off-bottom clearance, volumetric liquid ratio, etc. The dispersion regime was categorized into five groups: the sedimentary liquid was kept at the vessel bottom (I), partially elevated without any collision (II), partially dispersed by colliding with the impeller bottom (III), both liquids were partially dispersed by collisions with impeller blades (III’), and the sedimentary liquid was completely dispersed (IV). The dispersion switched to I → II → III → IV with the increasing rotation speed and decreasing off-bottom clearance. The liquid–liquid mass transfer rate was significantly enhanced with the collision of the sedimentary liquid with the impeller bottom, and subsequently increased with the increasing rotation speed, volumetric liquid ratio, and vessel diameter and with the decreasing off-bottom clearance. A multiple regression analysis method was applied to determine the mass transfer rates of III and III’.     

关于重型超长轴的加工工艺探讨

应用机械加工技术 ,红套技术和减小焊接变形技术 ,全面分析了 12 0 / 180× 930 6 mm搅拌轴的具体加工工艺 ,提出了在常规条件下重型超长轴的加工制造工艺。     

断续流对旋流器油水分离效率影响的实验研究

目前,大部分井下油水分离的旋流器由地面游梁式抽油机通过抽油杆柱提供能量,这样进入旋流器流量产生断续现象。通过实验证明断续流流量的不连续性使旋流器油水分离效率下降5％以内,存在一定负影响;溢流含油浓度越高,断续流对旋流分离效率的负影响也越大,所以井下油水分离过程中,不能偏面追求过高的溢流口含油浓度,提高分流比F与入口含油浓度C_i比值,减小断续流对分离效率的影响。     

搅拌强度对白炭黑结构的影响

研究了搅拌强度对稻壳制备优质白炭黑结构的影响，实验采用两步反应器分别探讨了搅拌浆结构和一、二步反应器搅拌浆的不同转速对白炭黑吸油值和表观密度的影响，结果表明，搅拌强度是影响白炭黑质量的主要因素之一，当采用片状搅拌浆结构时，一步、二步反应器的适宜搅拌速度分别为500r/min和250r/min。     

基于CFD流场模拟的反应釜结构设计

反应釜是制药化工产品生产的主要设备之一,常以搅拌的形式出现。本文研究了搅拌器相关设计参数对反应釜内流场的影响,并以此为依据改进反应釜结构。首先通过工程设计方法得到小型制药搅拌釜的初始设计方案,利用CFD技术对搅拌釜内的流场进行数值模拟研究,所得结果与文献中的结果基本一致。然后调整反应釜搅拌器的安装高度与搅拌转速等设计参数,与初始设计方案进行模拟结果对比分析,根据混合效果与驱动输入功率等设计要求,修改设计参数得到更优的设计方案。