铝/镀锌钢复合热源熔-钎接头中的Al-Fe 金属间化合物层分析

分析了铝/镀锌钢复合热源熔-钎接头中Al-Fe金属间化合物层的相结构,研究了焊接热输入对接头中Al-Fe金属间化合物层厚度的影响及化合物层厚度对接头抗剪强度的影响.结果表明,生成的Al-Fe金属间化合物层主要由Fe3Al,FeAl2,Fe2Al5以及FeAl3组成,并且Al-Fe金属间化合物的生成过程伴随着Si元素的富集现象;Al-Fe金属间化合物层厚度随焊接热输入的增大而增大,但电弧能量对化合物层厚度的影响要大于激光能量对化合物层厚度的影响;Al-Fe金属间化合物层厚度并非越薄越好,化合物层厚度在1.5～4μm范围内,Al-Fe金属间化合物层厚度对接头抗剪强度的影响不大.     

时效处理对铝合金A6061与碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料激光连接接头的影响

采用激光直接连接技术对铝合金(A6061)与碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinf-orced Thermal Plastic,CFRTP)进行连接,以接头抗拉强度作为评价指标,确定连接参数的影响规律及最优连接工艺.采用时效处理的方法提高接头连接强度,研究时效处理参数对拉伸强度的影响,揭示最优工...     

Primary Founder Mutations in the PRKDC Gene Increase Tumor Mutation Load in Colorectal Cancer

The clonal composition of a malignant tumor strongly depends on cellular dynamics influenced by the asynchronized loss of DNA repair mechanisms. Here, our aim was to identify founder mutations leading to subsequent boosts in mutation load. The overall mutation burden in 591 colorectal cancer tumors was analyzed, including the mutation status of DNA-repair genes. The number of mutations was first determined across all patients and the proportion of genes having mutation in each percentile was ranked. Early mutations in DNA repair genes preceding a mutational expansion were designated as founder mutations. Survival analysis for gene expression was performed using microarray data with available relapse-free survival. Of the 180 genes involved in DNA repair, the top five founder mutations were in PRKDC (n = 31), ATM (n = 26), POLE (n = 18), SRCAP (n = 18), and BRCA2 (n = 15). PRKDC expression was 6.4-fold higher in tumors compared to normal samples, and higher expression led to longer relapse-free survival in 1211 patients (HR = 0.72, p = 4.4 × 10⁻³). In an experimental setting, the mutational load resulting from UV radiation combined with inhibition of PRKDC was analyzed. Upon treatments, the mutational load exposed a significant two-fold increase. Our results suggest PRKDC as a new key gene driving tumor heterogeneity.     

系统发生树构建技术综述

随着不同的分子测序技术的飞速发展使得大量的DNA分子数据不断涌现,这给生物学家提供了大量的数据使其实现重构地球上所有生命的进化树的梦想.并且,进化树的研究对于解决现代分子生物学中的许多问题都是非常关键的,如多序列比对、蛋白质结构和功能预测以及药物设计等等.但是构建进化树又是一个非常复杂的问题.因此,进化树的研究成了一个研究热点.本文介绍了进化树研究的发展、研究现状,最后在总结现有的进化树构建技术存在的问题的基础上探讨了该领域进一步的研究方向.     

RB Regulates DNA Double Strand Break Repair Pathway Choice by Mediating CtIP Dependent End Resection

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) leads to genome instability, and can be detected in retinoblastoma and other cancers. One damaging effect is causing DNA double strand breaks (DSB), which, however, can be repaired by homologous recombination (HR), classical non-homologous end joining (C-NHEJ), and micro-homology mediated end joining (MMEJ). We aimed to study the mechanistic roles of RB in regulating multiple DSB repair pathways. Here we show that HR and C-NHEJ are decreased, but MMEJ is elevated in RB-depleted cells. After inducing DSB by camptothecin, RB co-localizes with CtIP, which regulates DSB end resection. RB depletion leads to less RPA and native BrdU foci, which implies less end resection. In RB-depleted cells, less CtIP foci, and a lack of phosphorylation on CtIP Thr847, are observed. According to the synthetic lethality principle, based on the altered DSB repair pathway choice, after inducing DSBs by camptothecin, RB depleted cells are more sensitive to co-treatment with camptothecin and MMEJ blocker poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitor. We propose a model whereby RB can regulate DSB repair pathway choice by mediating the CtIP dependent DNA end resection. The use of PARP1 inhibitor could potentially improve treatment outcomes for RB-deficient cancers.     

C/C-SiC component for metallic phase change materials

Thanks to their high energy density and thermal conductivity, metallic Phase Change Materials (mPCM) have shown great potential to improve the performance of thermal energy storage systems. However, the commercial application of mPCM is still limited due to their corrosion behavior with conventional container materials. This work first addresses on a fundamental level, whether carbon-based composite-ceramics are suitable for corrosion critical components in a thermal storage system. The compatibility between the mPCM AlSi₁₂ and the Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI)-based carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C/C-SiC) composite is then investigated via contact angle measurements, microstructure analysis, and mechanical testing after exposure. The results reveal that the C/C-SiC composite maintains its mechanical properties and microstructure after exposure in the strongly corrosive mPCM. Based on these results, efforts were made to design and manufacture a container out of C/C-SiC for the housing of mPCM in vehicle application. The stability of the component filled with mPCM was proven nondestructively via computer tomography (CT). Successful thermal input- and output as well as thermal storage ability were demonstrated using a system calorimeter under conditions similar to the application. The investigated C/C-SiC composite has significant application potential as a structural material for thermal energy storage systems with mPCM.     

焊料中氮化硅含量对氮化硅陶瓷连接强度的影响

采用含有Ｙ２Ｏ３,Ａｌ２Ｏ３,ＳｉＯ２和Ｓｉ３ｎ４的焊料在１６００℃,３０ｍｉｎ,５ＭＰａ压力的条件下对无压烧结氮化硅陶瓷进行连接实验,研究焊料烨硅的摩尔分数对连接强度的影响。结果表明,随着氮化硅摩尔分数的增加,连接强度也得以提高,这主要是因为氮化硅的加入降低了焊料的热膨胀系数以及加速了结合层内焊料的氮化过程,但是,氮化硅摩尔分数进一步增加,导致焊料的粘度增加,影响了焊料在陶瓷表面的润湿和辅展,使     

Residual thermal stress of SiC/Ti3SiC2/SiC joints calculation and relaxed by postannealing

Residual thermal stresses in SiC/Ti₃SiC₂/SiC joining couples were calculated by Raman spectra and simulated by finite element analysis, and then relaxed successfully by postannealing. The results showed that the thermal residual stress between Ti₃SiC₂ and SiC was about on the order of 1 GPa when cooling from 1300°C to 25°C. The thermal residual stresses can be relaxed by the recovery of structure disorders during postannealing. When the SiC/Ti₃SiC₂/SiC joints postannealed at 900°C, the bending strength reached 156.9 ± 13.5 MPa, which was almost twice of the as‐obtained SiC/Ti₃SiC₂/SiC joints. Furthermore, the failure occurred at the SiC matrix suggested that both the flexural strength of joining layer and interface were higher than the SiC matrix.     

The preparation of SiCP/Ag–Cu–Ti hybrid tapes and application in the joining of silicon carbide ceramics

Abstract

A novel method of tape casting to fabricate ceramic-particulate-reinforced composite filler alloy tapes with low organics (no more than 6?wt.%) was developed, with which SiC_P/Ag–Cu–Ti hybrid tapes were successfully prepared and used in joining of sintered silicon carbide ceramics. The stress rheometer, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to characterize the rheological properties of slurry and microstructure of green tapes and joints. The slurry for tape casting consists of dispersant, binder, solvent, a mixture of ceramics particulates and metal powders, and no plasticizer was added. Castor oil phosphate was proven the suitable dispersant for the slurry, and the content of dispersant, binder, solid loading was optimized as 3?wt.%, 2.6?wt.% and 26?vol.%, respectively. The fabricated hybrid tapes possess good ductility and uniform thickness. The SiC particulates were homogeneously distributed in the metal powders matrix in both sides of the green tapes, and the distribution was retained in the SiC/SiC joints.     

SiC陶瓷及其复合材料连接的研究进展

SiC陶瓷及其复合材料（SiCf／SiC、Cf／SiC）由于具有优良的高温强度、耐磨和抗腐蚀的性能而被广泛关注，而SiC陶瓷及其复合材料的连接是获得这一性能的关键技术之一。综述了SiC陶瓷及其复合材料连接的一般方法和连接技术，同时指出了连接技术的发展趋势。