初始几何缺陷对钢框架柱性能的影响(Ⅱ):参数分析

在钢框架二阶弹性分析中,结构整体初始几何缺陷和构件的初始几何缺陷是实际存在的,其影响不可忽略。通过平面子结构理论模型进行参数分析,结果证明,对于弱支撑钢框架柱,结构的整体几何缺陷和构件几何缺陷对弯矩的影响均可以等效为作用于楼层处的假想水平力,假想水平力是作用于该楼层的竖向荷载的函数。     

局部火灾下钢筋混凝土平面框架结构的耐火性能研究

高温后混凝土与钢筋间的黏结性能影响钢筋混凝土结构的安全评估,实际工程中钢筋混凝土常承受侧向约束作用。为此,该文以高温温度和侧压力为参数,完成了48个钢筋混凝土试件的中心拉拔试验,分析侧压力对高温后试件破坏形态、峰值黏结应力、峰值滑移、残余黏结强度的影响规律,建立了峰值黏结应力随高温温度和侧压力变化的经验公式。将侧压下钢筋-混凝土黏结应力场简化为肋前混凝土挤压力和侧压力的线性叠加,并基于微观传力模型及高温后混凝土的多轴强度破坏准则推导计算了无侧压及单向侧压下的黏结强度理论。研究结果表明：侧压作用和高温温度直接影响试件破坏形态;随着侧压力增加,高温后混凝土与钢筋间的峰值黏结应力、残余黏结强度、峰值滑移逐渐增大,但温度达到500 ℃后,有侧压试件峰值滑移较无侧压试件小;黏结强度理论计算值与实测值较为吻合,能较好地预测高温后混凝土与钢筋间的黏结强度。     

Completion and stimulation trends in North American unconventional plays and resulting impact on well productivity

过去十年,非常规油气勘探开发在全球范围内大幅扩张。水平钻井和多级水力压裂技术也在不断地发展和创新,使得超长水平井成为可能。同时,因为压裂强度不断增加,作业者可以最大限度地提高储层接触面积和对储层的改造体积 （SRV）。然而,完井优化方面的挑战仍然存在,作业者持续不断地尝试和试验各种完井与增产参数组合,以确保非常规油气藏开发的经济可行性。优选最佳的完井与增产参数组合是一项非常关键的任务,应结合油气田的具体储层特征进行优化。本文总结了2014—2020年间北美9个主要非常规油气藏的压裂增产趋势,包括Marcellus, Haynesville, Barnett, Utica, Bone Spring, Bakken, Wolfcamp Midland, Eagle Ford, Scoop/Stack。分析了各油气田几个关键的完井和增产参数的整体趋势,同时还评估了单个参数（如水平段压裂长度、支撑剂强度、段间距等）对井产能的影响。然后对比分析相应的初始井产量（90 天平均初始产量）,评估各个参数对产能的影响,从而确定每个完井参数的最佳范围,以实现产能最优化。     

白涧铁矿南区复杂地层钻探施工技术

邢台白涧铁矿南区地层岩石破碎、部分地层含角砾、胶结性差、漏失严重,钻探施工中存在掉块卡钻、缩径、坍塌、埋钻及孔内泥浆全部漏失等难题。通过优化钻孔结构、使用新工艺、新方法,合理选择钻进参数,采用绳索取心钻进配合预留技术套管,有效解决了上部煤系地层的坍塌问题;采用反丝套管的方法,极大地减轻了由于地层缩径、掉块引起的套管下不到位、起拔困难等风险;常规型绳索取心钻杆替代套管方法的采用,提高了含角砾、松散地层的穿过速度,减少了钻探工作量的报废,加快了施工进度;特别是高胎体双水口钻头的使用,提高了钻进效率,节约了钻探施工成本,项目得以如期完成。     

特厚煤层区段煤柱宽度变化区冲击危险性分析及防治实践

为了分析特厚煤层区段煤柱宽度变化区的冲击危险性,以大佛寺煤矿40103回风巷煤柱宽度变化区域为研究对象,通过统计分析巷道掘进过程中煤柱宽度变化前后的微震、地音监测数据,以及锚杆、锚索轴力变化情况,分析煤柱宽度变化对冲击危险性的影响规律,得出煤柱宽度变化后冲击危险性升高的原因,提出弱化静载荷源、增强煤柱稳定性和提高支护强度等冲击地压防治措施。现场监测结果表明,采取的针对性防治措施大幅降低了冲击危险性,取得了良好的防控效果,保障了掘进工作面煤柱宽度变化后的安全生产,可为类似开采技术条件下的区段煤柱区域冲击地压防治提供技术参考。     

Evaluation of wind load integration in disproportionate collapse analysis of steel moment frames for column loss

The design of steel structures, in most cases, depends majorly on the level of wind loads which are prescribed by codes and regulations and are used in the structural analysis due to the fact that steel structures being light and ductile systems are strongly affected from a slight difference in the values of wind loading. During the last decades, disproportionate collapse analysis has become of major interest mainly due to the increasing number of failures occurring in that pattern. Commonly accepted guidelines and methods of analysis have been produced, the most dominating of which being the Department of Defense Facilities criteria or DoD. In the DoD, as well as in other criteria, the event of a column loss is suggested as the modeling scenario which has to be sustained by a structural system in order to be robust. However, all the guidelines so far have disconnected the column loss analysis from wind loads and have only performed it for gravity loading. This paper presents the dynamic time history disproportionate collapse analysis of steel frames, including various levels of wind loading. Interesting aspects are discussed through the parametric analysis of five different numerical examples of moment resisting frames.     

Consequence-based structural design approach for black swan events

The metaphor of black swan refers to unpredictable events like 9/11, the Indian Ocean tsunami, or the Oklahoma City Federal Building bombing, that cause catastrophic consequences for structural system safety. The likelihood of occurrence for such unforeseen events cannot be estimated from the observed data or prognosticated by experts. The absence of event and likelihood information renders futile the application of usual risk-based methods for design. Therefore, a shift from the probabilistic approach to consequence-based structural design is necessary for coping with the unexpected demands. This is accomplished through the conceptual development of a system capacity oriented design approach, where structural members are designed for variable reliabilities based upon their contribution to causing adverse system consequences. Information about general structural integrity encoded in the stiffness matrix is applied, using member consequence factors ranging from 0 to 1, for determining a member’s contribution towards system response. The structural system is designed using member consequence factors as additional partial factors on the resistance side of the design equations. The consequence-based scheme does not need a triggering hazard event (or its likelihood) and is an apt structural design approach for black swan events.     

Whiffletree结构在主镜侧支撑中的应用研究

Whiffletree结构被广泛地应用在大口径望远镜主镜的底支撑中,但是目前在侧支撑中还没有采用Whiffletree结构的例子。首先探讨了在非薄弯月镜主镜中,采用Whiffletree结构进行侧支撑原理和方法,并结合一个实例,对Whiffletree侧支撑进行计算和设计,然后使用有限元软件MSC.Patran/Nastran进行了分析,最后得到镜面变形的RMS值为1.46nm,低于/40,证实该方案的可行性。     

高温处理对镍诱导晶化硅上的薄膜晶体管性能的影响

采用标准双栅 CMOS工艺在镍诱导非晶硅横向晶化形成的多晶硅上制造了高性能的薄膜晶体管 ,并详细研究了器件制备前高温预处理对薄膜晶体管性能的影响 .实验发现不同的温度处理 ,将引起器件性能的显著变化 .在10 0 0℃预处理温度下获得了最好的器件性能 .10 0 0℃在 NMOS管中测得的电子迁移率达 314 cm2 / (V· s) ,分别比在 110 0℃和未做高温处理下的大 10 %和 2 2 % .10 0 0℃下器件的最大开关电流比也达到了 3× 10 8.对器件的进一步重复性研究证实了上述结果的可靠性     

具有梯形衬底结构半导体激光器的稳态特性分析

本文导出了梯形衬底半导体激光器的侧向扩展电流分布并提出了一种新的分析梯形衬底激光器稳态特性的模型。根据这一模型对梯形衬底双异质结结构和大光腔结构进行了分析和比较。分析结果和文献报道的实验结果很好地符合。