预应力纤维布加固混凝土梁冻融特性试验

为了研究预应力碳纤维布对受冻融作用影响的混凝土梁的加固效果,从而进一步认识混凝土与碳纤维布共同工作的行为,研究了加固梁中碳纤维布和混凝土的各自力学性能以及碳纤维布加固混凝土梁的整体力学性能.结果表明,冻融后的试验梁开裂荷载和极限承载力有所下降;初始预应力水平越高,试验梁的开裂荷载和极限荷载下降速度越快;在冻融循环和预应力耦合作用下混凝土内部损伤严重,碳纤维布-混凝土界面的粘结力退化明显.     

基于塑性损伤模型的管片接头阶段分析

基于上海地铁13号线管片接头足尺加载实验,结合ABAQUS中混凝土塑性损伤模型和混凝土结构设计规范,对混凝土CDP模型的参数进行标定,并建立盾构管片接头塑性损伤三维有限元模型,研究管片接头在弯矩和轴力共同作用下的损伤破坏的全过程,对破坏过程中四个阶段的弯矩、裂缝张开量、挠度和损伤之间的关系进行详细分析。结果表明:塑性损伤模型计算得到的挠度-荷载曲线和试验曲线吻合较好,管片接头经历全截面受压阶段、小变形阶段、大变形阶段和接头接触挤压破坏阶段。以裂缝张开量为基础,结合管片接头挠度、弯矩和拉伸损伤带的损伤平均值,提出盾构管片接头损伤破坏的健康评价指标。     

轻钢构造柱填充墙的抗侧移性能试验分析

在砌筑填充墙中使用轻钢构造柱,符合绿色建筑发展方向,为研究轻钢构造柱填充墙的整体性力学性能,对轻钢构造柱片墙和混凝土构造柱片墙进行试验对比分析。试验表明,在相同外在条件下,轻钢构造柱片墙试验时墙体侧移发展较缓慢,较混凝土构造柱片墙具有较好的力学性能和抗震性能,由此可为轻钢构造柱在工程设计和实际应用中提供一些参考依据。     

Simulation of Fatigue Stiffness Degradation in Prestressed Concrete Beams under Cyclic Loading

In order to investigate and research the fatigue cracking of prestressed concrete fatigue properties and loading and stiffness degeneration process,cyclic loading tests were carried out on six prestressed concrete beams and the stiffness degradation under fatigue was investigated. A simulation model of stiffness degradation is proposed based on the stiffness analysis of the fatigue-damaged section. The elastic modulus of damaged concrete and the effective residual area of steel were introduced as well as an adjusted three-stage concrete fatigue damage evolution model. The strip method was used to analyze concrete damage due to changing stress along the depth of the beam section. The simulation and test results were compared and a method of predicting fatigue deflection was presented based on the simulation model. The predicted results were compared with that of the neural network method. It is in good agreement for the simulation results with the test results. It is only less than 5% error for the simulation model which can reveal the two-stage degradation of prestressed concrete beams under cyclic loading. It is more precise for the simulation prediction method under proper conditions.     

高温气候下沥青混凝土心墙连续碾压施工结合面温控试验研究

在夏季高温气候沥青混凝土心墙连续多层施工时,为减少等待结合面温度降至规范要求上限值90℃的时间,通过室内试验模拟结合面温度提高后心墙连续两层铺筑的情况,分别研究了结合面温度在90℃、100℃、110℃情况下沥青混凝土的压实性和变形情况,并进行了现场试验论证。室内试验结果表明:心墙沥青混凝土结合面温度降至100℃时,上层沥青混凝土的孔隙率为2.88%,下层沥青混凝土的最大侧向应变值为2.78%;结合面温度为110℃时,上层沥青混凝土的孔隙率为3.85%,下层沥青混凝土的最大侧向应变值为4.00%。现场试验结果表明:结合面温度为100℃时的上层沥青混凝土孔隙率和渗透系数均满足规范要求。因此,沥青混凝土心墙连续多层碾压时,结合面温度提高至100℃的施工质量可以得到保证。     

Influence of depth-thickness ratio of mining on the stability of a bedding slope with its sliding surface in concave deformation

In order to study the influence of depth-thickness ratio on bedding slope stability, whose sliding surface is flexural concave in shape under mining conditions, this paper aims to study the characteristics of deformation and damage of bedding sliding with depth-thickness ratios of 200:1, 150:1, 120:1, 100:1 and 50:1by adopting numerical simulation analysis software combined with laboratory-made ‘‘under the influence of mining variable sliding surface slope similar simulation test bed", and to propose identification methods for slope stability under the influence of mining. The results show that mining activities under the slope reduce slope stability. With a decrease in the mining depth ratio, the influence of mining on the slope increases gradually, and the damage to the slope gradually expands, the stability of the slope gradually reduces, fracture occurs on the slope toe and the central fissure gradually develops to the surface,and reaches slide threshold when the depth-thickness ratio is 50:1.     

新型PEC柱-钢梁端板连接组合框架层间抗震机理试验研究

良好的抗倒塌性能是维系结构在大震下的必要整体性、实现“大震不倒”抗震设防水准的关键所在。为研究新型卷边PEC柱-钢梁外伸端板连接组合框架结构的层间抗震机理,按1:2缩尺设计了1榀组合框架层间子结构模型试件并进行水平低周往复荷载试验。基于试验现象和测试数据,分析了试件结构的破坏过程与破坏模式、滞回特性、刚度退化、耗能能力、变形模式等抗震性能。研究结果表明：试件结构最终破坏模式为端板附近梁截面充分屈服形成塑性铰的理想塑性破坏机构;试件整体与层间位移延性系数μu=3.74和最大等效黏滞阻尼系(ζeq)max=0.325,具有良好抗震延性和耗能能力;试件结构整体性好、水平抗侧刚度沿高度分布均匀,水平位移分布规律表现为理想的倒三角弯剪型变形模式;试件结构整体与层间侧移和节点转角均超过大震层间侧移限值1/30,即试件结构具有良好的抗倒塌能力。     

基于Mindlin解的单桩侧阻应力系数埋深效应初探

Geddes解采用的集中荷载,起始点在弹性半无限空间表面.应用于工程实践时,计算埋深较浅桩在土中产生应力的影响误差较小,随着建筑群桩基础埋置越深,有的已超35 m,误差会更大.此外基桩侧阻模式分布比较复杂,常常需要分解为几个基本侧阻形式,有的侧阻应力起点并不在地表.以Mindlin解为基础,参考Geddes解,将积分起点设在距离空间表面一定深度a处,从而得到具有埋深a的Geddes解析解,并与原Geddes解进行了简单比较.相对于沿袭Geddes解的做法,本计算式显然更为精确.     

温差对磁浮双跨轨道梁变形的影响

为探讨现有规定对磁悬浮轨道梁受温差荷载作用下产生的位移要求是否过于严苛,建立三种不同截面高度的磁浮双跨轨道梁有限元模型进行稳态分析,得到三种不同环境温度下的温度分布及竖向、横向最大位移。比较分析可知:竖向挠跨比均不满足现有规范,现有规范过于严苛;横向挠跨比均满足现有规范。     

总发射功率约束条件下分布式相干检测融合

针对传感器融合系统总发射功率约束条件下的相干检测融合问题,利用偏移系数极大化理论优化系统检测性能.建立了基于多址接入信道传输的多传感器分布式相干检测融合模型,根据融合中心对信道增益信息的获取程度,提出了信道增益信息完美已知时的总发射功率约束相干检测融合方法(TPC-DCM方法)和信道增益统计信息已知时的总发射功率约束相干检测融合方法(TPC-DCM-CS方法),上述两种方法分别将总发射功率约束分布式检测融合问题转化为一个秩为1的最大特征值问题,获得了最优加权乘性系数的闭合解.蒙特卡洛仿真试验表明:在低虚警概率条件下,当信噪比大于等于0dB时,文中提出的方法的性能优于传统的基于并行网络拓扑结构的最优似然比方法.