Numerical investigation of the drag closure for bubbles in bubble swarms

The present paper describes an Euler–Lagrange model utilizing a drag closure derived from direct numerical simulations (front-tracking model) for (i) single isolated bubbles and (ii) bubbles rising in bubble swarms, expressed as a function of the local gas fraction. The model is applied to the prediction of an air/water system in a bubble column and for which experimental data is available. The effect of variation in size of the mapping window for the interphase coupling between the Eulerian and Lagrangian framework is investigated for both closure relations. It is found that the drag closure as a function of the local gas fraction is an improvement over the use of the drag closure for isolated single bubbles for the prediction of bubbly flow.     

BFRP约束素混凝土圆柱强度及尺寸效应的试验研究

以玄武岩纤维布全包不同尺寸混凝土圆柱轴心受压试验为基础,对玄武岩纤维布加固素混凝土圆柱力学性能及其尺寸效应对加固效果的影响做了研究,并提出玄武岩纤维布约束素混凝土圆柱轴心抗压强度模型.结果表明,该模型与试验得出的数据有良好的吻合度,且不同尺寸的混凝土圆柱存在尺寸效应.     

Ochratoxin A in wines,musts and grape juices from Spain

A survey on the occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in 240 grape‐based beverages was carried out. Red and white wines from four different Spanish Designations of Origin (n = 160), musts (n = 20), grape juices (n = 10), ordinary wines (n = 20), special wines (Malaga, muscatel, sherry, vermouth, etc) (n = 20) and sparkling wines (n = 10) were assayed for OTA content using immunoaffinity column clean‐up and high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection (detection limit 0.05 µg l^?1). Forty‐three (17.9%) of the samples tested contained detectable levels of OTA. The overall mean OTA concentration in red and white wines of Designations of Origin was 0.30 and 0.18 µg l^?1 respectively (ranges 0.05–3.19 and 0.05–1.13 µg l^?1 respectively). The percentage of wine samples with detectable amounts of OTA was higher for red (18.3%) than for white (10%) wines. OTA was also found in two of 10 red ordinary wines (0.68 and 4.24 µg l^?1), whereas none of 10 white ordinary wines contained OTA. The mean OTA amount detected in sparkling wines was 0.44 µg l^?1 (range 0.14–0.71 µg l^?1). Two of 20 must samples contained OTA at low levels (0.08 and 0.18 µg l^?1), while none of 10 grape juice samples contained OTA. Highest amounts of OTA were found in special wines (45%), with a maximum of 15.25 µg l^?1 in a muscatel sample. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

东莞大剧院裙房钢屋盖结构设计

东莞大剧院裙房钢屋盖采用空间桁架结构体系,主桁架呈放射状布置并逐级上升,与屋面建筑造型相吻合.结合具体的结构设计,详细介绍了钢屋盖的结构体系;分析了结构的静力性能、动力特性以及温度对结构的影响.对格构柱进行了几何非线性分析,分析中考虑了初始缺陷的影响,计算结果表明格构柱的极限承载力由整体稳定性控制.最后,介绍了结构重要部位的节点设计.通过分析得出的结论可供类似工程参考.     

萃取塔设备研究和应用的若干新进展

溶剂萃取是一种重要的化工分离技术,在湿法冶金、原子能化工、石油化工等领域有着广泛的应用。萃取塔优点突出但设计放大困难。本文介绍了国外萃取塔数学模型和设计放大研究概况及其最新进展,并较详细地介绍了我国萃取塔设备的研究、创新和应用。鉴于脉冲筛板塔在核工业中的重要地位,着重介绍了在汪家鼎先生指导下所进行的脉冲筛板塔两相流体力学、纵向返混和传质特性等方面的系统研究工作,指出所形成的以特性速度进行塔径放大和考虑纵向混合的按基本原理进行脉冲筛板萃取塔放大设计的体系具有重要的普遍意义。所创制的"分散-聚并型"脉冲筛板塔性能优越,已在大型工业装置中得到成功的应用。也介绍了在我国广泛应用的转盘萃取塔、填料萃取塔和脉冲填料萃取塔的研究、创新和应用情况。其中在理论研究基础上创制的新型转盘萃取塔(NRDC)、内弯弧形筋片扁环填料(SMR)和挠性梅花扁环填料(PFMR)性能优良,推广应用效果显著。     

矩形钢管混凝土柱的超声波检测试验及计算公式研究

分析了目前用于矩形钢管混凝土柱计算的三种理论,依据理论分析和钢管混凝土超声波检测的试验数据,提出了矩形钢管混凝土柱计算中叠加原理的应用论据。基于日本矩形钢管混凝土柱计算的叠加理论,按照计算简洁、概念明确和安全可靠的原则,确定了矩形钢管混凝土柱的计算公式,并用于天津市钢结构住宅设计规程(DB29—57—2003)。     

泉州某高校游泳馆网壳屋盖自振特性及风振响应分析

通过对泉州某高校游泳馆网壳屋盖结构的自振特性分析和脉动风振响应计算,此结构振型密集,高阶振型对结构风振响应的影响不可忽视。在福建沿海的网架、网壳结构设计中,风荷载多是此大跨钢结构的控制荷载,特别要考虑脉动风振效应,以保证结构的抗风安全。     

损伤对单层柱面网壳在强震下破坏影响

利用通用有限元分析软件Abaqus,采用宏观、微观响应指标,通过对比理想与损伤两种情况下结构响应的差异,研究强震下损伤对单层柱面网壳破坏的影响。     

Nonlinear behavior of concrete-filled stainless steel stiffened slender tube columns

This paper investigates the nonlinear behavior of concrete-filled high strength stainless steel stiffened slender square and rectangular hollow section columns. The stiffened slender tubes had overall depth-to-plate thickness (D/t) ratios ranging 60–160. The concrete strengths covered normal and high-strength concrete. The investigation focused on short axially loaded columns. A nonlinear finite element (FE) model has been developed to study the behavior of the concrete-filled stiffened tube columns. A parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of cross-section geometry and concrete strength on the behavior and strength of the columns. The results of the concrete-filled stiffened tube columns were compared with the results of the companion concrete-filled unstiffened tube columns. It is shown that the concrete-filled stiffened slender tube columns offer a considerable increase in the column strength and ductility than the concrete-filled unstiffened slender tube columns. The column strengths obtained from the FE analysis were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American specifications and Australian/New Zealand standards. A design equation was proposed for concrete-filled stainless steel stiffened slender tube columns. It is shown that the proposed modified equation provides more accurate design strengths compared to the American and Australian/New Zealand predictions.     

钢筋混凝土框架短柱抗剪承载力分析

总结了国内外几个主要的钢筋混凝土框架短柱抗剪承载力计算公式,结合太平洋地震研究中心(PEER)的短柱抗剪拟静力试验数据库,对各公式进行了对比分析,得出各公式计算的短柱抗剪承载力与试验结果基本成线性关系的结论.