悬索桥主缆初应力对桥梁动力特性的影响

为掌握主缆初应力对桥梁动力特性的影响,以悬索桥为例,采用静力非线性分析方法计算应力变化过程中悬索桥的跨中挠度、缆索轴力及加劲梁的轴力变化;将得到的内力作为结构的预加应力进行有预应力的模态分析. 应用ANSYS软件进行分析,其中有限元建模时采用4种单元类型:空间梁单元BEAM4用于模拟加劲梁和塔;空间杆单元LINK10用于模拟主缆及吊杆;通过设定BEAM4和LINK10单元初应变进行有预应力的模态分析;采用MASS21单元模拟横隔板、吊杆锚固装置和桥面上的栏杆,并分别考虑质量和质量惯性矩的作用. 分析表明,悬索桥主梁竖弯振动频率受主缆初应力的影响较大,而侧弯振动频率和扭转振动频率受此影响较小. 该结果为同类桥梁的动力特性分析提供参考.     

杭州湾跨海大桥与宁波工业设计产业的发展

杭州湾跨海大桥的建成通车,使宁波到上海由原来的绕行杭州湾变成直达,宁波由一个交通末梢变成枢纽。大桥给宁波各个行业带来深远的影响,工业设计也不例外。近几年,宁波政府和企业都非常重视工业设计,并采取了许多积极措施。我们要充分利用大桥带来的积极因素,又好又快地发展宁波工业设计产业。     

CORBA与DCOM桥接设计与实现

DCOM与CORBA是目前广泛使用的分布式技术,在开发大型的企业级分布式应用系统时,优先考虑使用的分布式技术就是DCOM或CORBA这两种中间件技术。有时一个系统需要同时使用DCOM与CORBA。由于这两者在具体的技术实现上有较大差别,使得它们在跨平台的互联时,不能直接实现DCOM与CORBA的互访。因此,如何实现系统中DCOM与CORBA直接通信成为一个关键问题。提出了一种实现DCOM和CORBA通信的桥接框架,是一种"动态桥",所需的桥接口可以随时添加到桥里,它解决了DCOM和CORBA之间不能通信的问题。     

Precise identification of moving vehicular parameters based on improved glowworm swarm optimization algorithm

This paper proposes an indirect method for the identification of moving vehicular parameters using the dynamic responses of the vehicle. The moving vehicle is modelled as 2-DOF system with 5 parameters and 4-DOF system with 12 parameters, respectively. Finite element method is used to establish the equation of the coupled bridge–vehicle system. The dynamic responses of the system are calculated by Newmark direct integration method. The parameter identification problem is transformed into an optimization problem by minimizing errors between the calculated dynamic responses of the moving vehicle and those of the simulated measured responses. Glowworm swarm optimization algorithm (GSO) is used to solve the objective function of the optimization problem. A local search method is introduced into the movement phase of GSO to enhance the accuracy and convergence rate of the algorithm. Several test cases are carried out to verify the efficiency of the proposed method and the results show that the vehicular parameters can be identified precisely with the present method and it is not sensitive to artificial measurement noise.     

580 m长钢筋混凝土箱型拱桥爆破拆除

580 m长钢筋混凝拱桥需爆破拆除。大桥是钢筋混凝土建造,拱肋采用箱型截面的砼箱形拱桥,经多次加固,桥墩最大体积1200 m~3,桥面到墩角最高33 m,拱箱壁为薄壁结构。因传统钻爆方式无法有效破坏大桥结构,采用水压、深孔和浅孔爆破相结合的方式,将药包置于注满水的箱型拱肋内的设计位置上,以水作为传爆介质传播爆炸压力使拱肋破坏,从而达到破坏拱轴解除支撑的目的;对桥墩采用大孔径深孔,由桥面垂直钻孔一次性爆破解除;桥面、拱上结构等用浅孔爆破。大桥解体充分,空气冲击波、飞石及噪声等得到有效控制,也减少了后续出渣工作量。     

箱梁桥阻尼矩阵的探讨

根据箱梁桥的结构特点及振动过程中的位移,由能量原理演绎出箱梁桥空间振动的阻尼矩阵,给出了阻尼矩阵的显式表达式,可供工程实际应用。     

VMware虚拟机的虚拟网络拓扑结构和配置

本文主要介绍在单机环境中.如何通过VMware软件构造虚拟网络的拓扑结构,从而可完成网络环境中的各种网络配置试验.如DHCP、DNS.NAT、Firewall等.并可熟练操作各种虚拟机操作系统.如Linux、Windows等,可进行各种类型网络应用服务器的配置试验.如Web、FTP等,同时在虚拟网络中可进行各种网络安全攻防试验.     

Three dimensional numerical simulations of long-span bridge aerodynamics, using block-iterative coupling and DES

The design of long-span bridges often depends on wind tunnel testing of sectional or full aeroelastic models. Some progress has been made to find a computational alternative to replace these physical tests. In this paper, an innovative computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is presented, where the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) is solved through a self-developed code combined with an ANSYS-CFX solver. Then an improved CFD method based on block-iterative coupling is also proposed. This method can be readily used for two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) structure modelling. Detached-Eddy simulation for 3D viscous turbulent incompressible flow is applied to the 3D numerical analysis of bridge deck sections. Firstly, 2D numerical simulations of a thin airfoil demonstrate the accuracy of the present CFD method. Secondly, numerical simulations of a U-shape beam with both 2D and 3D modelling are conducted. The comparisons of aerodynamic force coefficients thus obtained with wind tunnel test results well meet the prediction that 3D CFD simulations are more accurate than 2D CFD simulations. Thirdly, 2D and 3D CFD simulations are performed for two generic bridge deck sections to produce their aerodynamic force coefficients and flutter derivatives. The computed values agree well with the available computational and wind tunnel test results. Once again, this demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed 3D CFD simulations. Finally, the 3D based wake flow vision is captured, which shows another advantage of 3D CFD simulations. All the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed 3D CFD method has good accuracy and significant benefits for aerodynamic analysis and computational FSI studies of long-span bridges and other slender structures.     

基于无线网桥的煤矿防火注浆监测系统远程通信的实现

针对现有煤矿防火注浆监测系统有线数据传输方式存在布线复杂、成本高的问题,提出了一种基于无线网桥的煤矿防火注浆监测系统远程通信的实现方案,介绍了无线网桥的3种桥接模式以及无线传输的特点,阐述了基于AX9800 11A无线网桥、采用点对点桥接模式实现济宁二号煤矿防火注浆监测系统远程通信功能的方案。测试结果表明,该方案无线通信的有效距离≥10 km,有效传输速率达10 Mbit/s,视频信号延迟时间≤5 s,数据传输性能可靠,通信质量好。     

球隙火花开关的高压触发装置设计

研制了一种用于高压球隙开关的触发装置,该装置采用了全桥逆变与倍压整流为核心的电路方案.在阐述电路工作原理的基础上分析了输出电压与倍压电容之间的关系,作为参数选择的依据.并设计了以小铜球为触发开关的点火控制回路,保证球隙开关击穿的可靠性与快速性.同时以Atmega16型单片机作为控制核心编写软件程序,保证高压球隙开关工作在电压低抖动的可靠状态.通过PSCAD仿真软件进行了方案验证,并搭建实验样机.实验结果表明,该装置输出电压精度高、充电时间短、性能稳定.