非均相悬浮法制备多孔羟基磷灰石微球

为了获得具有吸附和生物学功能的多孔羟基磷灰石(HA)微球,以自制的纳米羟基磷灰石(HA)粉体为原料,用非均相悬浮法制备了HA/明胶微球,将微球在1 250℃下焙烧,成功制备了直径100~500μm的多孔HA微球.采用光学显微镜、SEM分析、XRD分析和BET氮吸附法研究了微球形貌、尺寸、物相组成、比表面积和孔径,测定了微球对水中F-离子的吸附性能.结果表明:微球具有良好球形形貌和相互贯通的纳米微孔;尺寸比较均匀,分散性良好;微球的主要结晶相为羟基磷灰石;BET表面积为1.867 0~2.089 5 m~2/g,孔径6.53~6.85 nm;对氟离子的平衡吸附容量为1.909~1.940 mg/g.通过控制m(HA)/m(明胶)比例、油温、搅拌速度和搅拌时间,可以在一定范围内控制微球直径和比表面积.     

Robust active suspension design subject to vehicle inertial parameter variations

This paper presents an approach in designing a robust controller for vehicle suspensions considering changes in vehicle inertial properties. A four-degree-of-freedom half-car model with active suspension is studied in this paper, and three main performance requirements are considered. Among these requirements, the ride comfort performance is optimized by minimizing the H∞ norm of the transfer function from the road disturbance to the sprung mass acceleration, while the road holding performance and the suspension deflection limitation are guaranteed by constraining the generalized H2 (GH2) norms of the transfer functions from the road disturbance to the dynamic tyre load and the suspension deflection to be less than their hard limits, respectively. At the same time, the controller saturation problem is considered by constraining its peak response output to be less than a given limit using the GH2 norm as well. By solving the finite number of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) with the minimization optimization procedure, the controller gains, which are dependent on the time-varying inertial parameters, can be obtained. Numerical simulations on both frequency and bump responses show that the designed parameter-dependent controller can achieve better active suspension performance compared with the passive suspension in spite of the variations of inertial parameters.     

A Simultaneous Mixed LQR/H∞ Control Approach to the Design of Reliable Active Suspension Controllers

This paper is concerned with the synthesis of reliable controllers for quarter‐car active suspension systems. By a simultaneous mixed LQR/H_∞ control approach, a static output feedback controller is derived for guaranteeing good suspension performance under possible sensor fault or suspension component breakdown. The considered simultaneous mixed LQR/H_∞ control problem is a nonconvex optimization problem; therefore, the linear matrix inequality approach is not applicable. Based on the barrier method, we solve an auxiliary minimization problem to get an approximate solution for the simultaneous mixed LQR/H_∞ control problem. Necessary conditions for the local optimum of the auxiliary minimization problem are derived. Moreover, a three‐stage solution algorithm is developed for solving the auxiliary minimization problem. The simulation shows that the obtained static output feedback suspension controllers can improve suspension performance in nominal mode and all considered failure modes.     

野草入侵模糊算法的半主动空气悬架研究

为了抑制由路面不平引起的车辆振动,结合磁流变阻尼器和空气弹簧的变阻尼/刚度特性,设计了含内置永磁体式磁流变阻尼器的半主动空气悬架系统.基于电磁学原理,对内置永磁体式磁流变阻尼器的力学特性建模.建立了1/4车辆二自由度动力学模型,并利用野草入侵算法对常规模糊算法规则进行优化,开发了野草入侵-模糊混合控制策略对内置永磁体磁流变阻尼器的空气悬架进行半主动控制.为验证该控制策略在磁流变空气悬架的半主动控制效果,进行了C级路面随机输入及凸块脉冲输入仿真分析,仿真结果可知,野草入侵-模糊控制策略能有效地提高半主动悬架系统的综合性能.并且通过台架试验进一步表明,利用该控制策略能够使车身振动加速度及悬架动挠度分别减小25.87%、35.13%.     

声表面波串联谐振器传感系统构建及初步应用研究

本文探索了一种声表面波串联谐振器传感系统及其初步应用。该传感器的敏感部件由丝网印刷碳电极和一个433MHz声表面波谐振器串联组成。采用真空包装的声表面波谐振器工作在较高的频率下,这有利于提高检测系统的稳定性和灵敏度。我们制备了不同浓度的小鼠肠道内分泌肿瘤细胞STC-1悬液用于检测实验,每种样品取100微升滴在丝网印刷碳电极上,实验记录了每种浓度细胞悬液的传感器响应。实验结果表明该传感器可以检测不同浓度的细胞悬液,并且具有较好的灵敏度。     

基于Adams/Car的汽车前悬架仿真分析及优化设计

针对某车型的麦弗逊前悬架系统,用车辆多体动力学仿真软件Adams/Car建立该悬架的虚拟样机模型,对其进行双轮同向跳动激振仿真分析,并综合评价该悬架的车轮定位参数、主销后倾拖距和转向角随轮跳的响应特性.在仿真分析的基础上,针对不合理的结构设计参数,利用Adams/Insight模块进行基于设计变量灵敏度分析的优化设计.优化后的悬架参数能很好地满足设计要求,从而达到提高该悬架系统整体性能的目的.     

悬置支架强度分析和拓扑优化

在项目研发阶段用Abaqus对某轿车的发动机悬置支架进行强度分析,发现悬置支架不满足强度要求,通过拓扑优化的方法对其结构进行改进,在不增加质量的情况下,使悬置支架达到强度设计目标.     

不同方式获得的速度对悬浮系统的影响分析

在悬浮控制系统设计中,通常用到悬浮间隙的变化速度,如何获取这一信号是一个非常重要的问题。以单电磁铁为对象,根据悬浮系统的模型,提出了一种通过互补滤波器获得速度的方法;详细分析了不同的速度获取方式在考虑轨道随机扰动和列车运行于竖曲线段以及考虑轨道弹性等几种情况下对系统的影响。仿真结果表明,该方法能很好地实现常规方法的性能折衷,为克服轨道扰动和解决车轨共振问题提供了新的思路。     

Experimental study of diffusion-based extraction from a cell suspension

A recently proposed application of microfluidics is the post-thaw processing of biological cells. Numerical simulations suggest that diffusion-based extraction of the cryoprotective agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) from blood cells is viable and more efficient than centrifugation, the conventional method of DMSO removal. In order to validate the theoretical model used in these simulations, a prototype was built and the flow of two parallel streams, a suspension of Jurkat cells containing DMSO and a wash stream that contained neither cells nor DMSO, was characterized experimentally. DMSO transport in a rectangular channel (depth 500 μm, width 25 mm and overall length 125 mm) was studied as a function of three dimensionless parameters: depth ratio of the streams, cell volume fraction in the cell solution, and the Peclet number (Pe) based on channel depth, average flow rate and the diffusion coefficient for DMSO in water. In our studies, values of Pe ranged from O(10³) to O(10⁴). Laminar flow was ensured by keeping the Reynolds number between O(1) and O(10). Experimental results based on visual and quantitative data demonstrate conclusively that a microfluidic device can effectively remove DMSO from liquid and cell laden streams without compromising cell recovery. Also, flow conditions in the microfluidic device appear to have no adverse effect on cell viability at the outlet. Further, the results demonstrate that we can predict the amount of DMSO removed from a given device with the theoretical model mentioned previously.     

三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索连续协作体系桥方案设计

目前斜拉-自锚式悬索连续协作体系桥梁在实际工程中应用很少,大多数停留在方案设计阶段。针对汉中市西二环大桥,提出了三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索连续协作体系桥方案。该桥型不仅兼备了斜拉桥和自锚式悬索桥的优点,又有其自身结构新颖、经济美观的特点。文章对该桥进行了方案比选设计,对推荐采用的三塔斜拉-自锚式悬索连续协作体系桥提出了初步的施工方法。