突扩突跌掺气设施后泄槽底板脉动压力试验研究

有压洞出口后的突扩突跌掺气减蚀设施在水利工程中经常使用。由于水流受边界条件和掺气的影响,其流态和脉动压力往往与普通水槽的情况有很大的不同。通过水工模型试验,对突扩突跌掺气设施后泄槽底板上的脉动压力进行研究,揭示了掺气设施后泄槽底板上不同流动区域的脉动压力特性。从脉动压力的时域过程、均方根值、偏态系数、峰态系数和主频率等多方面得出冲击区、反射区和稳定区脉动压力的特性是不相同的结论。同一流量时,沿流程底板的时均压力都大于脉动压力的均方根值,在冲击区、反射区和稳定区,脉动压力的均方根值分别是同位置时均压力值的约0.5倍、0.6倍和0.7倍。研究成果可为更好地利用突扩突跌掺气设施提供有益的理论和试验依据。     

S-苄基-L-半胱氨酸的合成

由溴化苄和L-半胱氨酸直接合成S-苄基-L-半胱氨酸,通过正交试验及统计分析,检验了各影响因子的显著性,确定了最佳工艺条件为：反应时间2.5h,反应温度45℃,原料配比n（溴化苄）：n（L-半胱氨酸）=1：1.在此条件下反应,摩尔产率可达到95%.     

Relationship between Viscoelastic and Peeling Properties of Model Adhesives. Part 1. Cohesive Fracture

The viscoelastic and peeling properties of polybutadiene/tackifying resin compatible blends have been studied in detail. Viscoelastic properties have been described through the variations of the complex shear modulus, G*(ω), as a function of frequency, ω and peeling properties through the variations of peeling force (F) as a function of peeling rate (V).

After showing the objective character of the peeling curves obtained, the variations of the peeling force and peeling geometry have been studied as a function of volume fraction of the tackifying resin.

In this first paper, the analysis is focused on the first domain of the peeling curves, i.e. the cohesive fracture region. In this region, the peeling properties have been related to the viscoelastic properties in the terminal region of relaxation. It is shown that the longest relaxation time, τ_o, is a reducing parameter of the peeling curves, so a peeling master curve-which is independent of temperature, resin volume fraction and polymer molecular weight-may be defined. Furthermore, the variations of the test geometry as a function of peeling rate have been investigated: the variations of the radius of curvature of the aluminium foil have been analyzed with respect to the viscoelastic behavior of the adhesive, which in fact governs the test geometry.

A detailed analysis of all these features leads to a model which allows one to calculate the peeling curves in the cohesive domain from the adhesive formulation.     

Reactive rock phosphate fertilizers and soil testing for phosphorus: The effect of particle size of the rock phosphate

North Carolina rock phosphate (NCRP) (highly carbonate—substituted apatite) was ground to produce three samples with different particle size distributions. The effectiveness of these fertilizers was compared with the effectiveness of superphosphate in a field experiment and three glasshouse experiments using lateritic soils from south-western Australia. Non-reactive Queensland rock phosphate (low carbonate-substituted apatite from the Duchess deposit) was also used in the pot experiments. Bicarbonate-soluble phosphorus extracted from the soil is widely used in Western Australia to predict plant yields from previously-applied fertilizer dressings. For both field and pot experiments bicarbonate-extractable phosphorus (soil test value) was measured and related to subsequent plant yields.As calculated from the initial slope of the relationship between yield and the level of P applied, finely powdered NCRP was about 5–32% as effective as freshly-applied superphosphate in the year of application and also for two years after application in the field experiment, and for two successive crops in the three pot experiments. For both field and pot experiments, finely powdered NCRP, was at best, 1.5–2.0 times as effective as granular NCRP. Relative to freshly-applied superphosphate, the effectiveness of rock phosphates usually decreased with increasing level of application.For each of the crops in the field experiment, the relationships between yield and phosphorus content of plants (i.e. internal efficiency curves) were similar for all fertilizers. Thus the low effectiveness of the rock phosphates relative to superphosphate was solely due to much less phosphorus being taken up by plants. By contrast, in the pot experiments internal efficiency curves differed for different fertilizers. This is attributed to differences in the rate of phosphorus uptake by plant roots during the early stages of plant growth.For both field and pot experiments, soil test calibrations (the relationship between yield and soil test value) differed for rock phosphates and superphosphate. For superphosphate, soil test calibrations also differed for the three different years after the initial application of this fertilizer in the field experiment. For the second crop in the pot experiment, soil test calibrations differed for superphosphate applied at different times (before the first and the second crop). These results point out the difficulty of applying soil testing procedures to soils that have experienced different histories of fertilizer application.     

柔性分离盘抑制圆柱涡激振动的风洞试验

该文利用附属柔性分离盘对圆柱涡激振动(VIV)控制问题进行了风洞试验研究。针对弹性支撑的圆柱及不同长度柔性分离盘的试验模型,在雷诺数7 500-40 000情况下,测定不同约化速度(3.5-18.7)下的振动瞬态位移。结果表明:柔性分离盘长度(L)/圆柱直径(D)比为0.6、0.8和1三种圆柱的横向无因次均方根振幅远小于单圆柱,涡激振动抑制效果很好,均在77.6%以上,其中L=0.8D的圆柱抑制效果最佳,几乎无振动;而L=1.2D和1.5D的圆柱反而出现振动增强,约4.5%和9%。对比单圆柱的共振区,附属柔性分离盘的圆柱共振区在约化速度上更靠后且范围更大。     

微波合成阿司匹林的工艺研究

本论文采用微波方法合成阿司匹林，用无水碳酸钠作催化剂量，研究了微波在有机合成中的应用及其他加热原理。利用了交互的正交试验方法，在反应物配比、微波功率，辐射时间和催化剂用量这四个因素中寻找出最佳合成工艺条件，从而提高了阿司匹林的产率，实现了有效地利用微波技术促进有机合成反应。     

高浓度烤烟专用肥肥效试验

介绍高浓度烤烟专用肥肥效试验。结果表明：楚雄磷肥厂生产的高浓度烤烟肥，可以代替进口的同类化肥。     

聚己二酸1,2-环己二醇酯的合成

采用正交实验方法,分别以钛酸四丁酯和对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,合成了聚己二酸1,2 环己二醇酯,对其合成工艺条件进行了研究,得出了最佳工艺条件。并以所得聚酯合成了具有透明度高、硬度大、耐磨、玻璃化温度高等优异性能的聚氨酯材料。     

吸水树脂PAA／AM的合成研究

以N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（Bis）为交联剂，过硫酸钾（KPS）做引发剂，以丙烯酸（AA），丙烯酰胺（AM）为反应单体水溶液聚合法合成了适用于淡水和盐水的吸水膨胀聚合物。采用正交实验法对最佳吸水膨胀配方进行了优选：单体浓度[M]=30％；单体中和度N=75％；引发剂浓度[I]=0．15％；交联剂浓度[C]=0.011％；反应温度为75℃及反应时间3h。对PAA的吸液速率进行了测定，并讨论了它的反复吸液能力。     

超细聚苯乙烯(PS)树脂的制备工艺研究

采用O/W型苯乙烯微乳液体系,研究了乳化剂OP-10、助乳化剂DBS、交联剂DVB等对聚苯乙烯(PS)粒径分布的影响,基于正交试验,找出了量佳微乳液体系配方。采用激光粒度仪与透射电镜(TEM)对纳米PS粒子的粒径进行了测量研究,结果表明:交联PS粒子单分散性好,大小较均匀。