Low-temperature properties of triglyceride-based diesel fuels: Transesterified methyl esters and petroleum middle distillate/ester blends

This work examines low-temperature properties of triglyceride-based alternate fuels for direct-injection compression-ignition engines. Methyl esters from transesterified soybean oil were studied as neat fuels and in blends with petroleum middle distillates (No. 1 or No. 2 diesel fuel). Admixed methyl esters composed of 5–30 vol% tallowate methyl esters in soyate methyl esters were also examined. Pour points, cloud points, and kinematic viscosities were measured; viscosities at cooler temperatures were studied to evaluate effects of sustained exposure. Low-temperature filterability studies were conducted in accordance with two standard methodologies. The North American standard was the low-temperature flow test (LTFT), and its European equivalent was the cold-filter plugging point (CFPP). With respect to cold-flow properties, blending methyl esters with middle distillates is limited to relatively low ester contents before the properties become preclusive. Under most conditions, cold-flow properties were not greatly affected by admixing the methyl esters with up to 30 vol% tallowate (before blending). Least squares analysis showed that both LTFT and CFPP of formulations containing at least 10 vol% methyl esters are linear functions of cloud point. In addition, statistical analysis of the LTFT data showed a strong 1:1 correlation between LTFT and CP. This result may prove crucial in efforts to improve low-temperature flow properties of alternate diesel fuels that contain methyl esters derived from triglycerides.     

苯酚改性脲醛树脂合成工艺及性能的研究

用苯酚作为改性剂,采用高温(90℃)缩聚反应合成改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂,改进了合成工艺,缩短了反应时间。通过引入苯环改善了耐水、耐老化性能。分析了各因素对改性脲醛树脂的影响,得到甲醛、尿素、苯酚摩尔比为10:8:1时树脂性能最佳,胶合强度和木破率均达到GB／T 17656-1999标准规定值。     

飞机大直径低压导管粘接修理

为适应外场快速修补的需要，在分析现有飞机损伤导管不同修理方法优缺点的基础上，通过筛选胶粘剂和修理试验，提出了大直径低压导管粘接修理工艺，为飞机导管损伤修理提供了一种新的方法。     

新型可见光固化口腔正畸粘合剂研制

介绍了一种新型可见光固化正畸粘合剂的组成、性能及正畸粘接的工艺。此粘合剂由一种单组分液体底胶和单组分糊剂组成。与化学固化粘合剂相比,其操作使用方便,固化时间短。这种新型粘合剂的粘接强度完全满足了正畸粘合剂的要求。     

支化型水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的合成及性能

采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇2000(PTMG2000)为原料,二月桂酸二丁基锡、1,4-丁二醇和2,2-二羟甲基丙酸分别为催化剂、小分子扩链剂和亲水单体,制得水性聚氨酯预聚体(PPU);接着以丙烯酸甲酯、二乙醇胺和三羟甲基丙烷为原料合成了超支化聚(胺-酯)(HPAE);最后制备出不同HPAE含量(以IPDI与PTMG2000的总质量为基准,下同)的支化型水性聚氨酯(WPU)胶黏剂.采用FTIR和1HNMR对HPAE及胶黏剂的结构进行了表征;通过TGA、多功能材料试验机考察了胶膜的热力学性能和机械性能.结果表明,HPAE用量为IPDI与PTMG2000的总质量的1.0％时,制备的WPU2乳液及胶膜综合性能较好,其乳液固含量为33.67％,胶膜吸水率为11.22％,水接触角为90.32°;胶膜机械拉伸强度为10.33 MPa,断裂伸长率为533.73％;其粘结性能良好,剥离强度为4.063 N/mm.     

Preparation and catalytic performance of Co3O4 catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

Without use of any surfactant or oxidant, a series of Co₃O₄ catalysts have been prepared from cobalt nitrate aqueous solution via a very simple liquid-precipitation method with ammonium acid carbonate followed by calcination at various temperatures. The catalytic performance of the Co₃O₄ for CO oxidation has been studied with a continuous flowing laboratory microreactor system. The results show that the CO conversion of all the samples can reach 100% at ambient temperature. The catalyst calcined at 300 °C is able to maintain its activity for CO complete oxidation more than 500 min at 25 °C and about 240 min even at −78 °C. High reaction temperature results in a high catalytic stability, while the catalytic stability decreases with further increasing the reaction temperature. Characterizations with X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy suggest that all the samples exist as a pure Co₃O₄ phase with the spinel structure, the samples are apt to aggregate and the specific surface area gradually decreases with increasing the calcination temperature, which directly leads to the decrease of catalytic stability. Furthermore, the amount of active oxygen species measured by CO titration experiments appears to be critical for catalytic performance.     

橡胶与金属的硫化粘接

本文综述了橡胶与金属粘接体系的发展现状，并对粘接性能的影响因素研究进行了归纳。     

降低全低变工艺阻力的措施

将变换流程改为全低变工艺后,吨氨蒸汽消耗明显下降,但触媒床层阻力迅速上升.通过采取增设焦炭过滤器、更换触媒、改进蒸汽分布器等一系列措施,不仅保证了正常的生产指标,而且还使变换炉的阻力有了明显下降,取得了满意的效果.     

力化学法制备金属－NR硫化粘合用CSM－NR接枝聚合物

用开炼机，通过力化学方法，将ＮＲ／ＣＳＭ（质量比为１０／９０）制成４５￣＃钢－ＮＲ硫化粘合剂用接枝聚合物。当橡胶本体１００％破坏时，１８０°剥离强度为２３．６～２４．６ｋＮ／ｍ。     

An Experimental Study of Fatigue Strength for Adhesively Bonded Tubular Single Lap Joints

In this paper, manufacturing technology of the tubular single lap adhesive joint was studied to obtain reliable and optimal joint quality. In addition, a surface preparation method and a bonding process for the joint were devised. The effect of the adhesive thickness and the adherend roughness on the fatigue strength of the joint was experimentally investigated. From experiments, it has been found that the fatigue strength of the joint increased as the adhesive thickness decreased and the optimal arithmetic surface roughness of the adherends was about 2 μm.