超长余辉蓄能发光涂料的制备

通过选用透明度高、太阳能吸收率高的丙烯酸树脂和高亮度、长余辉时间的镝和铕稀土离子共掺杂的稀土硅酸盐光致发光粉末材料aCaO·bZnO·cBaO·dMgO·nSiO2:Eu,Dy,制备出了具有较强的蓄光能力和较长发光时间的夜光涂料,并论述了其制备方法和特性。     

厌氧膜生物反应器在废水处理中的研究进展

厌氧膜生物反应器是一种处理高浓度有机废水的有效工艺.综述了厌氧膜生物反应器的特征,在工业废水处理中的应用以及低温下厌氧处理低浓度废水的效果,并展望了厌氧膜生物反应器的应用前景.     

Influence of the composition of the binder and the carbonation on the zeta potential values of hardened cementitious materials

Electroosmotic experiments have been carried out on eight different mixes of hardened cementitious matrixes including concrete, mortar and pastes, different types of binders, carbonated and non-carbonated specimens and different test conditions. From these trials, the zeta potential values have been determined and the optimum experimental parameters and devices have been established. In addition, the influence of the composition of the binder on the zeta potential has been quantified indicating that higher amounts of Al₂O₃ in the binder lead to higher positive values of zeta potential, while the SiO₂ acts just on the opposite side. This has been explained in terms of the different i.e.p. (isoelectric point) for both oxides. Concerning the influence of carbonation, it increases the absolute value of the zeta potential toward more negative values; this behaviour has been attributed to the influence of the specifically adsorbed Ca²⁺ in the negative sites of the surface in the non-carbonated samples.     

0.91Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.09PbTiO3的析晶行为及助溶剂法生长

研究了0.91Pb(znl/3Nb2/3)O3-0.09PbTiO3(PZNT91/9,摩尔分数)在不同组分和配比熔盐中的析晶行为及其对晶体生长的影响。发现B2O3,PbF2等助溶剂不利于钙钛矿相的析出;而BaTiO3-PbO复合体系虽然能够促进钙钛矿相析出,但晶体析出量很少;只有适当比例的。PbO助溶剂比较适合于生长具有铁电性的钙钛矿相PZNT91/9单晶。助溶剂法生长的工艺参数为:溶质与PbO助溶剂的摩尔比为l:l,泡料温度1 150-1 200℃,泡料时间10 h,晶体生长时降温速度0.8-2℃/h,当温度降到900℃时停止生长,以50℃/h快速冷却至室温。所得晶体为琥珀色,最大尺寸达φ30 mm×15 mm,其压电系数和机电偶合系数分别为2000 pc/N和0.92。     

Regional mass flux balancing for controlling gentle soil remediation operations

Extraction of heavy metals by accumulating plants is a method which is currently in development for the "gentle" remediation of contaminated agricultural soils (phytoremediation, see [2]). Areal contaminant mass flux balances are basic criteria for the design of such remediations and their control. A framework for the integration of contaminant balances relating the field scale of remediation with the regional scale of soil monitoring networks is provided by the recently developed method PROTERRA [3]. The objective of the study presented in this paper was to test the suitability of PROTERRA for planning and monitoring gentle soil remediations. For this purpose we applied the PROTERRA method to the contaminated agricultural land in and around Dornach, Switzerland, to assess copper flux balances.The calculations showed that atmospheric deposition and the application of pesticides and manure are important pathways for the inputs of copper. The copper export with a special maize cultivar accumulating heavy metals would be about three times higher than the average metal export with crops. A moderate increase of sewage sludge application would lead to a substantial increase of the copper input. Decisions to remediate the soil should take the uncertainty of mass flux balances both on field scale as well as on regional scale into account. Therefore, an important need of further development of the PROTERRA method is the integration of uncertainty analysis on both scales.     

（Nb_yTi_（1－y））C_x单晶体制备及其结构研究

用熔剂法制备了（Ｎｂ＿ｙ．Ｔｉ＿（１－ｙ））Ｃ＿ｒ单晶体，用Ｄｅｂｙｅ照相法及四圆衍射仪对其晶体结构进行了研究。实验结果表明，（Ｎｂ＿ｙＴｉ￣（１－ｙ）Ｃ＿ｘ中存在类似于作化学计量化合物ＴｉＣ＿ｘ及ＮｂＣ＿ｘ的有序一无序转变现象，转变温度随其化学成份改变在１１７５～１２８０Ｋ范围内变化。高温型（Ｎｂ＿ｙＴｉ￣（１－ｙ））Ｃ＿ｘ的晶体结构属ＮａＣｌ型结构，碳空位呈随机分布；低温型（Ｎｂ＿ｙＴｉ￣（１－ｙ））Ｃ＿ｘ的晶体中碳空位呈短程有序分布，可用Ｖ＿６Ｃ＿５晶体结构模型进行描述。     

分离有机水溶液的聚离子复合膜（Ⅱ）

本文研究用聚离子昨合膜进行渗透汽化分离乙醇水溶液的特性，探讨了进料温度、浓度、膜后压力，进料液循环量等操作条件对膜分离性能的影响。     

挤出机头的热平衡分析及计算

建立了挤出机头的热开衡方程，并进行了分析和讨论。列出了方程中各个热通量计算公式，为挤出机头控制系统的设计提供了依据。     

滇池环湖截污干渠错峰技术模拟与分析

为了实现滇池流域截污效果的最大化,基于前期建立的东岸排水管网SWMM模型,结合该区域1995-2016年间降雨资料,研究环湖截污干渠的错峰调蓄技术。根据雨水干渠液位高度执行不同控制模式:当水位低于6.76 m时执行典型污染物浓度阈值控制模式;当水位高于6.76 m时执行典型污染物阈值控制的同时执行液位-污染物通量控制模式。采用SS和TN作为干渠截流的典型污染物控制指标,其控制浓度阈值分别取12和5 mg/L。模拟重现期为0.5~1 a降雨时SS、TN浓度-负荷通量调蓄方案下干渠负荷收集情况,结果表明两种调蓄方案均能有效提高雨水干渠的负荷收集率,提高污水干渠出口浓度,降低雨水径流对污水厂的高水量和低浓度冲击负荷。随着重现期增大,干渠对污染物的高效和最大化收集效果越明显。但是TN调控下污染负荷收集效果优于SS,因此选择TN作为干渠截流的最优典型污染物控制指标。     

闪火条件下防火服装热收缩形变的数据挖掘

随着暖体假人、燃烧假人、三维扫描仪等服装设备的应用,服装工程的大样本实验产生了大量数据,采用传统的数据分析方法未能发挥实验中大样本量的优势。本研究利用 Clementine 软件,选取了合适的分析方法,对防火服装的形变等有关数据进行了数据挖掘的尝试。首先通过变量重要性分析,研究了热收缩的重要影响因素,然后根据决策树与神经网络的变量重要性排序,提取了影响热收缩的关键因素,并进一步通过对热收缩及关键影响因素的聚类分析,探索了防火服不同部位区域的热防护特点。研究发现,热流量及衣下空气层是影响热收缩形变的关键因素,手臂及腿部对应服装部位需重点防护,数据挖掘技术是探索服装舒适性与功能机制与特点的有效工具。