湖南省攸县黄兰矿区煤岩层综合对比研究

攸县是湖南最大产煤县,黄兰矿区为该县唯一产煤区。黄兰矿区由黄丰桥、兰村两个子矿区组成。该区煤系地层厚、岩性相变大、煤层多、煤层形态复杂,一直受到悬而未决的煤、岩层对比问题掣肘,区内找煤始终难见成效。本次研究采用多种方法进行综合对比,成功攻克了黄兰矿区多年来多家技术单位未解决的煤、岩层对比历史性难题,全区探获煤炭资源量3.43亿t,实现建国以来湖南乃至南方各缺煤地区最大的找煤历史性突破。     

Immunochromatographic assay using gold nanoparticles for measuring salivary secretory IgA in dogs as a stress marker

Abstract

The concentration of salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is a well-known stress marker for humans. The concentration of salivary sIgA in dogs has also been reported as a useful stress marker. In addition, salivary sIgA in dogs has been used to determine the adaptive ability of dogs for further training. There are conventional procedures based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring salivary sIgA in dogs. However, ELISA requires long assay time, complicated operations and is costly. In the present study, we developed an immunochromatographic assay for measuring salivary sIgA in dogs using a dilution buffer containing a non-ionic surfactant. We determined 2500-fold dilution as the optimum condition for dog saliva using a phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7.2) containing non-ionic surfactant (3 wt% Tween 20). The results obtained from the saliva samples of three dogs using immunochromatographic assay were compared with those obtained from ELISA. It was found that the immunochromatographic assay is applicable to judge the change in salivary sIgA in each dog. The immunochromatographic assay for salivary sIgA in dogs is a promising tool, which should soon become commercially available for predicting a dog's psychological condition and estimating adaptive ability for training as guide or police dogs.     

Isolation and Characterization of Eleven Polymorphic Microsatellite Loci for the Valuable Medicinal Plant Dendrobium huoshanense and Cross-Species Amplification

Dendrobium huoshanense (Orchidaceae) is a perennial herb and a widely used medicinal plant in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) endemic to Huoshan County town in Anhui province in Southeast China. A microsatellite-enriched genomic DNA library of D. huoshanense was developed and screened to identify marker loci. Eleven polymorphic loci were isolated and analyzed by screening 25 individuals collected from a natural population. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 5. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.227 to 0.818 and from 0.317 to 0.757, respectively. Two loci showed significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and four of the pairwise comparisons of loci revealed linkage disequilibrium (p < 0.05). These microsatellite loci were cross-amplified for five congeneric species and seven loci can be amplified in all species. These simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers are useful in genetic studies of D. huoshanense and other related species and in conservation decision-making.     

利用微卫星标记分析核盘菌遗传多样性

利用微卫星（SSR）标记,分析来自欧洲和中国的30个核盘菌菌株的遗传多样性和群体结构。结果表明,3对微卫星引物共扩增出21条清晰的谱带,平均每对引物扩增7条谱带,片段长度为158bp～358bp。根据SSR分析结果,30个核盘菌分离物具有较高的遗传相似性。物种水平的Nei遗传多样性指数为0.139 3,Shannon多样性指数为0.248 8。不同菌株群体的Nei遗传距离都较小,为0.009 6～0.049 6。其中俄罗斯群体和奥地利及英国群体之间的遗传距离最大。从30个菌株的UPGMA聚类分析结果看,核盘菌群体结构与地理来源没有明显的直接关系。许多地理来源相同的菌株分散在不同的组里。仅第三组组内的菌株地理来源一致,均来自于中国,且遗传距离比其他菌株的远。群体遗传分析显示,总群体的基因流比较高（2.111 6）,基因分化系数比较低（0.191 5）。     

New drug-resistant cassettes for gene disruption and epitope tagging in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

We describe new heterologous modules for PCR-based gene targeting in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Two bacterial genes, hph and nat, which display dominant drug-resistance phenotypes, are used as new selectable markers in these modules. Both genes have been used successfully in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which hph confers resistance to hygromycin B, while nat confers nourseothricin resistance (Goldstein and McCusker, 1999). Vector modules for gene disruption and C-terminal tagging with 3HA, 13Myc and GFP(S65T) are constructed using previously constructed pFA6a-MX6-derived plasmids (B?hler et al., 1998; Wach et al., 1997). In combination with the existing systems that are based upon the G418-resistance gene (kan), triple gene deletions or tags could be constructed. In addition a vector for one-step integration of a monomeric RFP (mRFP) to the C-terminus of proteins of interest is developed. Finally, oligonucleotides that allow a simple marker switch from kan to hph or nat, and vice versa, are described. The new constructs developed here should facilitate post-genomic molecular analysis of protein functions in fission yeast.     

不同地域和寄主来源的核盘菌遗传多样性分析

为了解核盘菌[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum（Lib.）de Bary]遗传多样性和进化关系,利用SSR分子标记对采自不同地区和寄主来源的32个核盘菌分离物进行分析,17对SSR引物共检测到69个多态性位点,平均每对引物检测到4.06个位点。其中,引物AF377908-1/AF377908-2和AF377922-1/AF377922-2的等位变异数目最多,高达8个,而引物AF377903-1/AF377903-2和AF377925-1/AF377925-2的等位变异数目最少,为2个。17个SSR引物的多态性信息量（PIC）的平均值为0.56,引物AF377922-1/AF377922-2的PIC最高,为0.78。聚类分析显示,32个核盘菌分离物可划分为5个组群,来自同一地区的大部分核盘菌分离物聚在相同或相近的组内,表明核盘菌群体内的SSR遗传背景基本一致,而群体间的遗传变异较大。     

ISSR分子标记鉴定陆川猪及其肉制品

采用ISSR分子标记对陆川猪及其肉制品进行鉴伪识别,利用ISSR技术,对纯种陆川猪、陆川猪杂交品种(二元杂猪和三元杂猪)及广西本地的巴马香猪和环江香猪的DNA指纹图谱进行分析。结果表明:从34条引物中筛选出3条带型清晰、重复性好的引物WM12、WM27、WM10,其中引物WM12可用于鉴别陆川猪、二元杂猪和三元杂猪的生鲜样品及腊肉制品,引物WM27可用于鉴别陆川猪和巴马香猪的生鲜样品及腊肉制品,引物WM10用可于鉴别陆川猪和环江香猪的生鲜样品及腊肉制品。ISSR技术可快速准确的鉴定陆川猪、陆川猪杂交品种、巴马香猪、环江香猪及其肉制品。     

Application of Molecular Marker Assisted Selection in Gene Pyramiding and Selection of New Cultivars

The feasibility of molecule markers' application in gene pyramiding has been proved, and obvious progresses in crop breeding have been made till now. Furthermore, different QTLs or molecular markers linked tightly to yield, quality or resistance may be used for marker assisted selection. MAS will be applied widely in crop breeding due to the development of more gene-based markers and efficient quantitative trait locus (QTL) as well as lower cost marking systems.     

Development of a genetic transformation system using new selectable markers for fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

We describe the development of a new transformation system, using multiple auxotrophic marker genes, for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We developed three new auxotrophic marker genes (arg12(+), tyr1(+) and ade7(+)) and generated a new host strain, YF043, by Cre-loxP-mediated gene disruption. YF043 possessed six mutated biosynthetic genes (leu1-32, ura4-M190T, arg12::loxP, tyr1::loxP, ade7::loxP and his2::loxP). The combination of this host strain and the new selectable markers can be used for gene disruption using the same preexisting transformation systems. In addition, Sz. pombe vectors were constructed, containing selectable marker genes that complement the auxotrophies of YF043. These new vectors are available for gene disruption and heterologous protein expression in strain YF043. The new Sz. pombe host strain will be a useful tool for molecular genetic studies of Sz. pombe where multiple recombinant modifications or multiple mutations are needed.