Theory of propagating deformation bands

A model for propagating deformation bands is developed, based on a mechanical equation of state and on evolution equations for the structure parameters. It is shown that, contrary to normal deformation, it is necessary to discriminate between global parameters which depend solely on time elapsed and local parameters which are functions of the strain history. Correspondingly, two sets of equations are presented, one describing the development of the global parameters in the course of time, the other giving the evolution of the local state parameters in the course of deformation, i.e. as a function of strain. Measurable quantities derived from the first set are the load serrations and the band velocity, while the second set yields the flow stress and the strain profile of the propagating band.     

Modeling and Analysis of a Long Thin Conducting Stripline

A long thin conducting stripline embedded in a dielectric and centered between two large conducting plates, i.e., the stripline environment, is considered. The stripline is modeled as infinitely long, infinitely thin, and perfectly conducting by first considering a stripline of finite length, thickness, and conductivity in a dielectric layer. Starting from Maxwell's equations and assuming that the current on the stripline is a propagating wave in length direction, asymptotic expressions for the fields inside and in the neighbourhood of the stripline are deduced. These expressions are used to model the stripline in the stripline environment, which leads to a boundary-value problem for the electric potential. This problem is solved by two different approaches, leading to integral equations for the current and for an auxiliary function describing the electric potential. A relation between the current and the auxiliary function is deduced, which is used to obtain asymptotic expressions for current and impedance. Results are compared with a numerical solution of the integral equation for the current and with results in literature.     

Breakdown of oil films and formation of residual films

The breakdown processes of oil films under quasi-static loading have been investigated by using a newly developed steel-oil-mercury system. The relationship between the thickness and breakdown ratio of a hexadecane film is represented by a single master curve independently of the indentation speed, indentation load, and temperature. The master curve shows that the breakdown process of hexadecane includes two stages; one is the decrement of the thickness without breakdown and the other is the decrement of the thickness with a drastic progress of breakdown. By solving a small amount of fatty acid in hexadecane, the thickness increases and the breakdown ratio decreases noticeably; a multilayer residual film supporting normal load is formed between two metal surfaces. Experiments at different temperatures reveal a negative relationship between the temperature and thickness of residual film, which indicates that the residual film is organized by physical interaction rather than chemical interaction. At least under a lower concentration, the residual film appears to consist of not only fatty acid molecules but also hexadecane molecules.     

均匀设计法分析制备过程对钴钼硫化物催化剂机械强度的影响

建立了CoMoP/Al2O3加氢精制催化剂机械强度及其可靠性在制备过程中的数学模型,采用均匀设计考察了浸渍、干燥、煅烧、硫化4个制备过程中,浸渍时间、干燥温度、干燥时间、煅烧温度、煅烧时间、硫化温度和硫化升温速率7个实验因子对催化剂强度均值、Weibull模量的影响,同时考察了这些因素对颗粒密度的影响。方差分析表明所有模型都是充足的。实验结果表明,硫化过程是影响催化剂强度均值的主要过程。在实验范围内提高硫化温度、降低硫化时的升温速率有利于提高催化剂的强度。影响催化剂Weibull模量的因素主要为各个制备过程的交互效应。要提高催化剂强度的可靠性就必须全面考虑催化剂制备的各个过程,特别是各个制备过程的交互效应。     

Cr对低碳Si-Mn系TRIP钢组织与力学性能的影响

主要研究了Cr对低碳Si-Mn系TRIP钢组织与力学性能的影响。首先利用Formastor-F型膨胀仪测定了含Cr和不含Cr两种低碳钢的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线,分析指出了Cr对连续退火工艺的潜在影响;然后采用Gleeble-3800热/力模拟试验机对两种钢的薄板试样进行了连续退火模拟实验,并通过拉伸试验测定了力学性能;最后采用金相、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射分析等技术考察分析了两种钢的显微组织。结果表明:含Cr的TRIP钢的组织比较细小,铁素体晶粒近似等轴分布;两种TRIP钢的残余奥氏体含量相近,但含Cr钢的残余奥氏体中的含碳量较高。分析认为这是由于含Cr钢在热轧阶段较易生成细小的组织,而在热处理阶段则抑制贝氏体的生成,最终获得稳定的残余奥氏体。     

关于从旋涡炉渣回收铜的研究

介绍了用自然澄清法降低、回收旋涡炉渣中的铜的方法。该方法工艺简单。操作方便，不仅降低冶炼成本，同时提高了经济效益。     

国产螺旋槽密封在进口压缩机上的应用

介绍了国产螺旋槽密封在进口压缩机上的应用，分析了原进口机械-浮环组合密封的失效原因，叙述了改造后国产浮环螺旋槽组合密封的结构和特点。     

Singular Trajectories in Multi-Input Time-Optimal Problems: Application to Controlled Mechanical Systems

This paper deals with the time-optimal control problem for a class of control systems which includes controlled mechanical systems with possible dissipation terms. The Lie algebras associated with such mechanical systems have certain special properties. These properties are explored and used in conjunction with the Pontryagin maximum principle to determine the structure of singular extremals and, in particular, time-optimal trajectories. The theory is illustrated by an application to a time-optimal problem for a class of underwater vehicles.     

Experimental Study on Polymer Artificial Bone with HA Coated and Fiber Liners

1Introduction HA(hydroxyapatite)wasakindofbioactiveceram ics,whichhadexcellentbiocompatibilityandtissueaffin ityinthatitscomponentsweresimilartothoseofhuman bone[1].Soitwasthebestknownhumanbonesubstitute,andunprecedentedeffecthadbeenharvestedinrecenttwo d…     

Towards real CAD

Present-day computer-aided design (CAD) packages play only a small part in the area of mechanical engineering design, which involves the synthesis and embodiment of physical components to perform a pre-determined function without unwanted side effects. The computer cannot properly help the designer in this task until it is able to capture and process the function requirements of the design. This paper describes the computer system being developed for this purpose at the Engineering Design Centre at Cambridge University Engineering Department. The paper also explores some of the geometrical and programming implications raised.