UASB+MBR+NF处理焚烧垃圾渗滤液的设计及运行

介绍了UASB+MBR+NF工艺处理某垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液的工艺流程、构筑物设计参数及运行情况。运行结果表明,该工艺对垃圾渗滤液具有较高的去除率,COD、BOD5、NH3-N、SS的去除率分别高达99.84%、99.94%、99.28%、99.83%。处理后出水的各项指标可以达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中的一级排放标准。采用该工艺去除1 kg COD需要花费0.57元。与城市污水厂生活污水的运行费用相比,该工艺具有较好的经济性。     

Ionomer content effects on the electrocatalyst layer with in-situ grown Pt nanowires in PEMFCs

The effects of ionomer contents were investigated in composite electrodes with in-situ grown single crystal Pt nanowires (Pt-NWs) for PEMFCs, including the amount in the carbon matrix and impregnated on the surface of the electrocatalyst layer. The electrocatalyst layer was prepared by growing Pt-NWs directly on the carbon matrix with a simple one-step wet chemical approach at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarization curve tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were employed to evaluate the ionomer effects. The experimental results showed that the ionomer in the carbon matrix had an influence on the ionic conductivity and aggregation and distribution of the Pt-NWs, and the ionomer impregnated on the surface of the electrocatalyst layer affected the mass transport and ionic conductivity. The performance of the MEA was improved by optimizing the ionomer contents.     

高分辨ICP-MS测定电子级高纯异丙醇中杂质元素

利用高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱测定电子级高纯异丙醇中的痕量金属杂质,用膜去溶进样系统直接进样,用标准加入法进行上机检测,无需前处理、快速,避免了在样品前处理时的污染问题。高分辨电感耦合等离子体质谱可以消除多分子离子干扰,降低检出限,提高定量准确性。方法的检出限为0.45~20.79 ng/L,加标法回收率为88.2%~102.6%。方法简单,结果可靠,适用于高纯异丙醇中痕量元素的快速测定。     

Hot-nanoparticle-mediated fusion of selected cells

Complete fusion of two selected cells allows for the creation of novel hybrid cells with inherited genetic properties from both original cells.Alternatively,via fusion of a selected cell with a selected vesicle,chemicals or genes can be directly delivered into the cell of interest,to control cellular reactions or gene expression.Here,we demonstrate how to perform an optically controlled fusion of two selected cells or of one cell and one vesicle.Fusion is mediated by laser irradiating plasmonic gold nanoparticles optically trapped between two cells (or a vesicle and a cell) of interest.This hot-particle-mediated fusion causes total mixing of the two cytoplasms and the two cell membranes resulting in formation of a new hybrid cell with an intact cell membrane and enzymatic activity following fusion.Similarly,fusion between a vesicle and a cell results in delivery of the vesicle cargo to the cytoplasm,and after fusion,the cell shows signs of viability.The method is an implementation of targeted drug delivery at the single-cell level and has a great potential for cellular control and design.     

离子膜烧碱生产中盐水脱碘新技术的研究

探讨了对离子膜烧碱生产电解用盐水的除碘新技术,该技术能降低碘对离子膜的负面影响,延长使用寿命。     

ETFE充气膜结构设计方法及应用

ETFE膜建筑是一类新型的膜建筑结构体系，其设计方法与普通膜结构有着较大区别文章概要介绍ETFE薄膜的物理力学基本特性，ETFE充气膜系统构成，给出ETFE充气膜基本设计过程，重点阐述了其设计分析过程与普通膜的区别，以及其充气找形、载荷分析、裁剪分析的特点根据试验资料，给出ETFE薄膜材料参数及设计确定方法；详细分析充气系统设计和压力控制设计方法，主要工作状态控制设计逻辑，以及管道设计、风机选型、传感器元件、控制系统的注意事项等。     

天然气重整制氢新技术的研究进展

介绍了天然气重整制氢新技术,包括选择性透氢膜,选择性透氧膜,化学循环以及CO2吸收的研究进展,介绍了4种新技术应用于制氢装置中的概念设计,并比较了4种技术的优缺点。     

Macromolecular crosslink of imidazole functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol) and brominated poly(phenylene oxide) for anion exchange membrane with enhanced alkaline stability and ionic conductivity

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are important energy conversion device for fuel cell applications, where the overall redox reaction happened. Both alkaline stability and ionic conductivity should be considered in the long-term use of fuel cells. In this work, imidazole functionalized polyvinyl alcohol was designed as the functional macromolecular crosslinking agent to fabricate crosslinked AEMs with brominated poly(phenylene oxide) matrix. Benefitting from the macromolecular crosslinked structure, the membranes displayed enhanced ionic conductivity and alkaline stability at elevated temperature. Moreover, membrane with ion exchange capacity of 1.54 mmol/g displayed ionic conductivity of 78.8 mS/cm at 80 °C, and the conductivity could maintain 75% of the initial value after immersion in 1 M NaOH solution at 80 °C for 1000 h. Moreover, a peak power density of 105 mW/cm² was achieved when the assembled single cell with c-91 was operated at 60 °C. These results indicated that the construction of macromolecular crosslinked AEMs have great potential in the practical application of anion exchange membranes fuel cells.     

Effect of water distribution in gas diffusion layer on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance

Water management of proton exchange membrane fuel cells remains a prominent issue in research concerning fuel cells. In this study, the gas diffusion layer (GDL) of a fuel cell is partially treated with a hydrophobic agent, and the effect of GDL hydrophobicity on the water distribution in the fuel cell is examined. First, the effect of the position of the cathode GDL hydrophobic area relative to the channel on the fuel cell performance is investigated. Then, the water distribution in the fuel cell cathode GDL is observed using X-ray imaging. The experimental results indicate that when the hybrid GDL's hydrophobic area lies on the channel, water tends to accumulate under the rib, and the water content in the channel is low; this improves the fuel cell performance. When the hydrophobic area is under the rib, the water distribution is more uniform, but the performance deteriorates.