Simulation of Flow and Mass Transport in a Meander Microchannel Subject to Electroosmotic Pumping

We have investigated the flow and mass transport within an electroosmotically pumped incompressible liquid through a meander microchannel system. We employ two-dimensional, time-dependent finite element simulations in conjunction with a matched asymptotic treatment of the electrical double layers. The electroosmotic pumping is realized for two idealized and two realistic electrical fields, while a pressure-driven flow is used for comparison. We focus on the aspects of the electroosmotic transport.

We find for most of the electroosmotically driven cases rather complex flow fields, involving recirculation regions. These recirculation regions in all cases increase dispersion. (i) The least dispersion is associated with a plug-type velocity profile, which is obtained for an idealized purely wall-tangential orientation of the electrical field. (ii, iii) We find that both the idealized horizontal electrical field and the real electrical field between two vertical plates give considerably higher dispersion than the pressure-driven flow. Vertical plate electrodes, therefore, do not allow for a electrical field, which minimizes dispersion. (iv) The arrangement of two point electrodes at the in and out sections likewise proves to be no optimal means to reduce dispersion beyond the pressure-driven flow. Thus, meander geometries of channels, in general, cause severe problems if electroosmotic pumping needs to be achieved in combination with minimized dispersion.     

Taylor流下微细颗粒增强CO2:吸收研究（英文）

The physical absorption of CO2 in water containing different types of particles was studied in a microchannel operated under Taylor flow.The maximum enhancement factors of 1.43 2.15 were measured for activated carbon (AcC) particles.The analysis shows that the enhancement effect can be attributed to the shuttle mechanism.Considering the separate contributions of mass transfer from bubble cap and liquid film,a heterogeneous enhancement model is developed.According to this model,the enhancement factors E Cap,E Film and E Ov are mainly determined by mass transfer coefficient KL (KL,Cap and KL,Film),adsorptive capacity of particles m,and coverage fraction of particles at gas-liquid interface ζ.With both effects of particle-to-interface adhesion and apparent viscosity included,the model predicts the enhancement effect of AcC particles reasonably well.     

Characterization of low-light-level cameras for digitized video microscopy

The use of low-light-level video cameras and solid-state image detectors in conjunction with image digitizers for optical microscopy is increasing dramatically as more people learn about such systems, and as they become more powerful, less expensive, and easier to use. However, there is currently little information available allowing comparison between cameras, or for determining camera suitability for a given experiment. In this paper, we describe a series of tests designed to characterize the performance of low-light-level cameras. The results of these tests should assist in the selection of appropriate cameras for given video microscopy applications.     

Fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in rectangular microchannels

Experiments were conducted to investigate flow and heat transfer characteristics of water in rectangular microchannels. All tests were performed with deionized water. The flow rate, the pressures, and temperatures at the inlet and outlet were measured. The friction factor, heat flux, and Nusselt number were obtained. The friction factor in the microchannel is lower than the conventional value. That is only 20% to 30% of the convectional value. The critical Reynolds number below which the flow remains laminar in the microchannel is also lower than the conventional value. The Nusselt number in the microchannel is quite different from the conventional value. The Nusselt number for the microchannel is lower than the conventional value when the flow rate is small. As the flow rate through the microchannel is increased, the Nusselt number significantly increases and exceeds the value of Nusselt number for the fully developed flow in the conventional channel. The micro‐scale effect was exhibited. The Nusselt number is also affected by the heat flux. The Nusselt number remains the constant value when the flow rate is small. The Nusselt number increases with the increase in the heat flux when the flow rate is large. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 37(4): 197–207, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20206     

T型微通道内液滴形成过程及长度的实验研究

利用高速摄像机研究截面为400×400 μm的正T型微通道内液-液两相流动特性,离散相（硅油）和连续相（质量分数为0.5%的十二烷基硫酸钠SDS蒸馏水）的体积流量范围分别为1~5、2~110 mL/h. 结果表明,两相流型主要为弹状流和滴状流,前者的形成机理为挤压机理,后者为剪切机理. 液滴的长度随离散相体积流量和离散相与连续相体积流量之比的增大而增大,随连续相的体积流量和毛细数的增大而降低. 液柱长度的变化规律与液滴长度相反. 液滴生成时间随离散相与连续相的体积流量的增大而逐渐降低,剪切机理生成液滴所需时间小于挤压机理. 依据实验结果,采用离散相与连续相体积流量比和连续相的毛细数,总结出无量纲液滴、液柱长度及液滴生成时间的预测关联式.     

内凹形微通道热沉换热流动性能的数值分析

针对大功率LED阵列的热控问题,提出了一种内凹形("Ω"形)铜基微通道热沉,并采用数值模拟(CFD)方法分析对比了其与常见矩形微通道热沉的性能。此外,还对其在不同流速、进口水温、热流密度下的单相对流传热、流动性能进行了研究。结果表明,该内凹形微通道较常见的矩形微通道热沉,通过减少泵功损失获得了更高的综合性能;采用较高的流速和较小的进口水温能够提高其换热性能,增大热沉底面温度均匀性,从而提高LED的寿命和稳定性;雷诺数约为300时,层流向湍流转捩。     

不同热负荷下微通道冷凝器的运行特性

以R404A为制冷剂,对冷库内不同热负荷条件下的微通道冷凝器的特性及对制冷系统COP的影响进行了研究,并将其与常规冷凝器的特性以及制冷系统的COP进行比较。结果表明,在一定的的制冷剂充注量下,微通道冷凝器的出口压力随着热负荷的增大而增大,但是其进出口温度基本保持不变;在制冷系统中,和常规的冷凝器制冷系统相比,微通道冷凝器制冷系统具有更小的进出口温度,并且进出口温差也小,同时COP相应地高出50%。     

High‐Throughput Continuous Flow Production of Nanoscale Liposomes by Microfluidic Vertical Flow Focusing

Liposomes represent a leading class of nanoparticles for drug delivery. While a variety of techniques for liposome synthesis have been reported that take advantage of microfluidic flow elements to achieve precise control over the size and polydispersity of nanoscale liposomes, with important implications for nanomedicine applications, these methods suffer from extremely limited throughput, making them impractical for large‐scale nanoparticle synthesis. High aspect ratio microfluidic vertical flow focusing is investigated here as a new approach to overcoming the throughput limits of established microfluidic nanoparticle synthesis techniques. Here the vertical flow focusing technique is utilized to generate populations of small, unilamellar, and nearly monodisperse liposomal nanoparticles with exceptionally high production rates and remarkable sample homogeneity. By leveraging this platform, liposomes with modal diameters ranging from 80 to 200 nm are prepared at production rates as high as 1.6 mg min⁻¹ in a simple flow‐through process.     

Forced—Flow Convection for Liquid Methanol Flowing through Microchannels

Experiments were conducted to investigate the single phase forced-flow convection of methanol flowing through microchannels with rectangular cross-section. The fully-developed turbulent convection regime was found to be initiated at aboutRe=1000 ∼ 1500. The fully developed turbulent heat transfer can be predicted by the well-known Dittus-Boelter correlation with mere modification of the original empirical constant coefficient 0.023 to 0.00805. The transition and laminar heat transfer behaviors in microchannels are highly peculiar and complicated, and heavily affected by liquid temperature, velocity and microchannel size.     

微通道内高通量磁泳分离实验研究

磁泳是实现生物分离的主要手段之一.利用功能磁珠在微流控芯片上实现高效磁泳分离是近年来的研究热点.对直径为1μm的超顺磁磁珠在当量直径为114.3μm的矩形微通道内的磁泳分离特性进行了实验研究.利用高速CCD观测了磁珠在微通道内捕获与释放的全过程,并通过图像分析,得到了磁珠的捕获情况随时间及流速的变化规律.实验发现,在高...