Solar electricity in a changing environment: The case of Spain

In Spain, solar electricity (photovoltaic and thermoelectric) has reached a stable annual capacity factor above 20% since 2009; while wind achieved 23% since more than 10 years ago. This is the demonstration of an ongoing transition towards a more sustainable energy mix, further corroborated by the reduction of the capacity factor of gas-fired technology, which has seen a decline to values lower than 10% after an initial promising rise; this is a very low value for a fossil-fuel technology. Additionally, hydro installed capacity, which has been stable for the past 20 years, have demonstrated that can be used as a back-up power source in combination with solar and wind electricity, and it is capable of producing energy peaks that may increase from a stable base of 2000 GWh/month up to 6000 GWh/month and therefore meet demand at some particular times when solar and wind are generating less electricity without the need of installing new additional capacity at national level.     

The characteristics of hot mixed asphalt modified by nanosilica

The objective of this research is to investigate the characteristics of the hot mixed asphalt modified by 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% nanosilica by weight of binder. Marshall stability, dynamic creep, and indirect tensile tests were used to study effects of nanosilica on performance characteristics of the mixtures. Results showed that nanosilica can improve Marshall stability, resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength, and fatigue life compared to unmodified mixtures. However, the tensile strength ratio parameter in the moisture sensitivity tests indicated a decrease in the resistance of the modified mixtures against moisture damage.     

氧化铝闪速焙烧炉用轻质喷涂料的研制

对进口的两种喷涂料进行实物剖析 ,研究了结合剂、掺和料、颗粒级配对喷涂料性能的影响 ,开发出QC - 140P、CN - 4 0P两种轻、重质喷涂料 ,替代进口产品 ,应用于氧化铝闪速焙烧炉     

内蒙古某铜铅锌多金属矿选矿试验研究

以内蒙古某铜铅锌复杂多金属硫化矿为研究对象,在对该矿石工艺矿物学研究的基础上,进行了大量的探索试验研究。最终采用先磁选除铁—铜铅混合浮选—铜铅分离—铜铅尾矿选锌的工艺流程,以及应用新型高效铜铅捕收剂QF-11、抑制剂CMC等,获得了含铁49.42%、回收率为56.93%的磁精矿,含铜21.12%、回收率75.49%的铜精矿,含铅48.29%、回收率79.23%的铅精矿,含锌46.73%、回收率86.30%的锌精矿,银综合回收率76.60%,实现了对该矿石综合利用的目的。     

沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料(改性沥青)SMA-13配合比设计实例探析

沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料SMA-13并没有形成统一的设计方法,也没有完整的指标要求。笔者结合道路工程沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料铺装的研究,提出了相应的设计方法,积累了道路工程应用沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料铺装的经验,为同行提供借鉴。     

临离高速沥青稳定碎石ATB-25目标配合比设计

以临离高速公路柔性基层沥青稳定碎石ATB-25目标配合比的试验为例,对混合料配合比的设计原则作了介绍,据此对沥青稳定碎石目标配合比的设计过程进行了分析总结,为同类工程的设计提供了参考依据。     

超长混凝土薄板结构施工期的裂缝控制

该文结合实例,介绍了超长混凝土薄板结构的裂缝影响因素及控制措施,案例表明,通过提早养护,适时拆模,动态监测,精心组织施工,结合工程具体情况才能解决混凝土薄板施工期的裂缝问题。     

C80高强混凝土的研发与试应用

该文介绍了C80预拌混凝土的研发与试应用过程,包括原材料选择、配合比设计、配合比验证,以及混凝土搅拌、运输、泵送、振捣和养护。为重庆预拌混凝土企业提供参考。     

大掺量粉煤灰再生混凝土配合比试验研究

试验研究了水胶比、粉煤灰掺量和再生粗骨料取代率对大掺量粉煤灰再生混凝土抗压强度的影响。正交试验结果表明,大掺量粉煤灰再生混凝土7d、14d、28d、56d、90d抗压强度的最主要影响因素为粉煤灰掺量,其次为水胶比及再生粗骨料取代率,通过正交设计可以得出大掺量粉煤灰再生混凝土的配合比设计方法。     

多目标性能需求的C50混凝土配合比优化设计方法

针对工程用混凝土的多目标性能(工作性能、抗裂性能、力学性能和耐久性能)需求,提出了一种客观权重赋予-灰色关联度分析的混凝土配合比优化设计新方法.采用正交试验法研究了水胶比、砂率、胶凝材料总量、矿物掺和料用量和粉煤灰-矿粉质量比等因素对C50混凝土工作性能、抗裂性能、力学性能和耐久性能的影响,利用客观权重赋予技术确定了各项性能的客观权重,实现了C50高抗裂高性能混凝土配合比的优化设计,得到了最佳配合比,并结合试验数据验证了其综合性能.结果表明:客观权重赋予-灰色关联度分析方法可实现基于多目标性能需求的C50混凝土配合比优化设计,在一定试验条件下,C50高抗裂高性能混凝土最佳配合比参数为:水胶比0.30,砂率35%,胶凝材料总量420kg/m~3,矿物掺和料用量30%,粉煤灰与矿粉质量比2∶1.经验证,该配合比的混凝土满足多目标性能需求.