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61.
对目前几种测量水分的方法进行了评述,研究了用微波快速测量球团混合铁精矿原料水分的新方法,并分析和讨论了不同混合铁精矿原料水分含量对检测结果的影响。实验结果为:当球团混合铁精矿原料的含水量为6.97%-9.81%时,检测误差小于0.17%。该研究有望为球团混合铁精矿原料水分快速测量提供一种新力法. 相似文献
62.
酯硬化水玻璃再生砂循环使用后的性能变化及应对策略 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了酯硬化水玻璃砂多次再生使用后,其Na2O含量较大升高、溃散性显著下降、生产厚大铸型(芯)时硬透性变差并出现蠕变现象的原因,探讨了再生砂性能变化后的应对策略。认为:研究开发适于干法再生水玻璃砂的改性水玻璃、对再生砂实施表面处理、对旧砂进行高脱膜率的再生等,应是解决酯硬化水玻璃砂多次再生使用后溃散性恶化问题的主要措施;而控制再生砂的含水量、适当增加有机酯的加入量、CO2气体补充硬化等,是增加型(芯)硬透性和克服蠕变现象的主要方法。 相似文献
63.
64.
为提高土壤水分数据同化结果的精度,将基于双集合卡尔曼滤波(Dual Ensemble Kalman Filter,DEnKF)的状态-参数估计方案与简单生物圈模型(simple biosphere model 2,SiB2)相结合,同时更新土壤水分和优化模型参数(土壤属性参数)。选用2008年6月1日~10月29日黑河上游阿柔冻融观测站为参考站,开展了同化表层土壤水分观测数据的实验。研究结果表明:DEnKF可同时优化土壤属性参数和改进土壤水分估计,该方法对表层土壤水分估计的精度0.04高于EnKF算法的精度0.05。当观测数据稀少时,DEnKF算法仍然可以得到较高精度的土壤水分估计,3层土壤水分的估计精度在0.02~0.05之间。 相似文献
65.
针对传统农田灌溉施肥存在的浪费水资源、液体肥不均匀等问题,提出利用欧姆龙SYSMAC C系列可编程控制器和组态王6.55监控软件设计一套PLC灌溉施肥控制系统,利用传感器采集数据控制农田按需灌溉、按量施肥,实现自动灌溉施肥和监控管理,节省人力、实用性强。 相似文献
66.
Temporal persistence and stability of surface soil moisture in a semi-arid watershed 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Satellite soil moisture products, such as those from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR), require diverse landscapes for validation. Semi-arid landscapes present a particular challenge to satellite remote sensing validation using traditional techniques because of the high spatial variability and potentially rapid rates of temporal change in moisture conditions. In this study, temporal stability analysis and spatial sampling techniques are used to investigate the representativeness of ground observations at satellite scale soil moisture in a semi-arid watershed for a long study period (March 1, 2002 to September 13, 2005). The watershed utilized, the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, has a dense network of 19 soil moisture sensors, distributed over a 150 km2 study region. In conjunction with this monitoring network, intensive gravimetric soil moisture sampling conducted as part of the Soil Moisture Experiment in 2004 (SMEX04), contributed to the calibration of the network for large-scale estimation during the North American Monsoon System (NAMS). The sensor network is shown to be an excellent estimator of the watershed average with an accuracy of approximately 0.01 m3/m3 soil moisture. However, temporal stability analysis indicated that while much of the network is stable, the soil moisture spatial pattern, as represented by mean relative difference, is not replicated by the network mean relative difference pattern. Rather, the network is composed of statistical samples. Geophysical aspects of the watershed, including topography and soil type are also examined for their influence on the soil moisture variability and stability. Soil type, as characterized by bulk density, clay and sand content, was responsible for nearly 50% of the temporal stability. Topographic effects were less important in defining representativeness and stability. 相似文献
67.
R. Bindlish T.J. Jackson B. Stankov M.H. Cosh C. Watts V. Lakshmi T. Keefer 《Remote sensing of environment》2008,112(2):375-390
An unresolved issue in global soil moisture retrieval using passive microwave sensors is the spatial integration of heterogeneous landscape features to the nominal 50 km footprint observed by most low frequency satellite systems. One of the objectives of the Soil Moisture Experiments 2004 (SMEX04) was to address some aspects of this problem, specifically variability introduced by vegetation, topography and convective precipitation. Other goals included supporting the development of soil moisture data sets that would contribute to understanding the role of the land surface in the concurrent North American Monsoon System. SMEX04 was conducted over two regions: Arizona — semi-arid climate with sparse vegetation and moderate topography, and Sonora (Mexico) — moderate vegetation with strong topographic gradients. The Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR/CX) was flown on a Naval Research Lab P-3B aircraft as part of SMEX04 (10 dates of coverage over Arizona and 11 over Sonora). Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) was observed in both PSR and satellite-based (AMSR-E) observations at 6.92 GHz over Arizona, but no detectable RFI was observed over the Sonora domain. The PSR estimated soil moisture was in agreement with the ground-based estimates of soil moisture over both domains. The estimated error over the Sonora domain (SEE = 0.021 cm3/cm3) was higher than over the Arizona domain (SEE = 0.014 cm3/cm3). These results show the possibility of estimating soil moisture in areas of moderate and heterogeneous vegetation and high topographic variability. 相似文献
68.
Evaluation of AMSR-E soil moisture results using the in-situ data over the Little River Experimental Watershed, Georgia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Alok K. Sahoo Paul R. Houser Craig Ferguson Paul A. Dirmeyer 《Remote sensing of environment》2008,112(6):3142-3152
An operational global soil moisture data product is currently generated from the observations of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite using the retrieval procedure described in Njoku and Chan [Njoku, E.G. and Chan, S.K., 2006. Vegetation and surface roughness effects on AMSR-E land observations, remote sensing environment, 100(2), 190-199]. We have generated another soil moisture dataset from the same AMSR-E observed brightness temperature data using the Land Surface Microwave Emission Model (LSMEM) adopting a different estimation method. This paper focuses on a comparison study of soil moisture estimates from the above two methods. The soil moisture data from current AMSR-E product and LSMEM are compared with the in-situ measured soil moisture datasets over the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREW), Georgia, USA for the year 2003. The comparison study was carried out separately for the AMSR-E daytime and night time overpasses. The LSMEM method performed better than the current operational AMSR-E retrieval algorithm in this study. The differences between the AMSR-E and LSMEM results are mostly due to differences in various simplifications and assumptions made for variables in the radiative transfer equations and the soil and vegetation based physical models and the accuracy of the input surface temperature datasets for the LSMEM forward model approach. This study confirms that remote sensing data have the potential to provide useful hydrologic information, but the accuracy of the geophysical parameters could vary depending on the estimation methods. It cannot be concluded from this study whether the soil moisture estimation by the LSMEM approach will perform better in other geographic, climatic or topographic conditions. Nevertheless, this study sheds light on the effects of different approaches for the estimation of geophysical parameters, which may be useful for current and future satellite missions. 相似文献
69.
电容法作为原油含水率检测方法,其调理电路往往受到寄生电容和环境变化的影响而难以实现高精度测量。设计了一种基于CAV424的电容式传感器原油含水率检测电路。实验表明:利用该检测电路测量原油含水率与蒸馏水法测量值的差值在5%以内,具有测量准确度高、测量速度快、显示直观、安装使用简单、价格低廉、操作方便的特点。 相似文献
70.
前期土壤湿度条件和降雨强度是影响径流曲线(SCS-CN)模型径流量预测精度的重要因素。分析不同流域下二者对SCS-CN模型性能的影响,对提高模型预测精度至关重要。基于5个半干旱半湿润和湿润流域的降雨径流资料,利用偏相关分析和K-均值聚类改进SCS-CN模型。结果表明:在重新划分前期土壤湿度条件区间后,模型预测能力大幅度提升,有效降低模型平均偏差,纳什效率系数平均提高42.8%。基于最大10 min雨强对SCS-CN模型改进后,纳什效率系数得到一定提高,且半干旱半湿润流域的提升幅度略大于湿润流域。改进的模型在研究流域都取得较好的效果,平均偏差均低于7 mm;除呈村流域非汛期外纳什效率系数均达到0.93,平均提升89%;均方根误差平均降低29.2 mm。 相似文献