X70厚壁海管DWTT减薄试样与全壁厚试样的对比分析

使用常规落锤试验机与大能量摆锤冲击试验机两种机型,对准762 mm×31.8 mm X70MO直缝埋弧焊厚壁海管进行了DWTT减薄试样(单面减薄及双面减薄)与全壁厚试样系列温度试验,利用Boltzmann函数对试验数据进行了拟合,得出了试验温度与断口剪切面积的关系曲线,确定了减薄试样与全壁厚试样的韧脆转变温度,对其进行了对比分析。结果验证了厚壁钢管使用减薄试样时,应降低相应的试验温度;同时得出在相同试验温度下,单面减薄试样的试验结果优于双面减薄试样(壁厚中心试样)等结论,并提出了相关建议,希望对以后的试验研究有借鉴作用。     

一种最小机械比能计算参数优化的方法

机械比能是衡量钻井效率的重要因素之一,它用来衡量钻头破碎单位体积岩石耗能大小[1]。传统的比能计算模型通过多个参数进行计算来求得比能值,较为复杂。文章通过利用比能计算模型中参数之间的关系,假设并通过Matlab拟合验证参数之间关系的函数方程,将原有的模型化简为只拥有钻压一个计算参量的新计算模型。通过求解新模型一阶导数的零点,求得最优钻压值,并以此求得最小机械比能,最终确定最佳钻井参数。     

Molecular Heterojunctions of Oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s with Linear to Cruciform Framework

Electrical transport properties of molecular junctions are fundamentally affected by the energy alignment between molecular frontier orbitals (highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) or lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)) and Fermi level (or work function) of electrode metals. Dithiafulvene (DTF) is used as substituent group to the oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) molecular wires and different molecular structures based on OPE3 backbone (with linear to cruciform framework) are achieved, with viable molecular orbitals and HOMO–LUMO energy gaps. OPE3, OPE3–DTF, and OPE3–tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) can form good self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au substrates. Molecular heterojunctions based on these SAMs are investigated using conducting probe–atomic force microscopy with different tips (Ag, Au, and Pt) and Fermi levels. The calibrated conductance values follow the sequence OPE3–TTF > OPE3–DTF > OPE3 irrespective of the tip metal. Rectification properties (or diode behavior) are observed in case of the Ag tip for which the work function is furthest from the HOMO levels of the OPE3s. Quantum chemical calculations of the transmission qualitatively agree with the experimental data and reproduce the substituent effect of DTF. Zero‐bias conductance, and symmetric or asymmetric couplings to the electrodes are investigated. The results indicate that improved fidelity of molecular transport measurements may be achieved by systematic studies of homologues series of molecular wires applying several different metal electrodes.     

DNA/Tannic Acid Hybrid Gel Exhibiting Biodegradability,Extensibility, Tissue Adhesiveness,and Hemostatic Ability

DNA has emerged as a novel material in many areas of materials science due to its programmability. Especially, DNA hydrogels have been studied to incorporate new functions into gels. To date, only a few methods have been developed for fabricating DNA hydrogels, such as the use of complementary sequences or covalent bond. Herein, it is demonstrated that one of the most well‐known plant‐derived polyphenols, tannic acid (TA), can form a DNA hydrogel which is named TNA hydrogel ( T A + D NA ). TA plays a role as a “molecular glue” by a new mode of action reversibly connecting between phosphodiester bonds, which is different from the crosslinking utilizing complementary sequences. TA intrinsically degrades due to ester bonds connecting between pyrogallol groups, causing a degradable DNA hydrogel. Furthermore, TNA gel is multifunctional in that the gel is extensible upon pulling and adhesive to tissues because of the rich polyphenol groups in TA (ten phenols per TA). Unexpectedly, TNA gel exhibits superior in vivo hemostatic ability that can be useful for biomedical applications. This new DNA hydrogel preparation method represents a new technique for fabricating a large amount of DNA‐based hemostatic hydrogel without chemically modifying DNA or requiring the crosslinking by complementary sequences.     

The Effects of Embedded Dipoles in Aromatic Self‐Assembled Monolayers

Using a representative model system, here electronic and structural properties of aromatic self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) are described that contain an embedded, dipolar group. As polar unit, pyrimidine is used, with its orientation in the molecular backbone and, consequently, the direction of the embedded dipole moment being varied. The electronic and structural properties of these embedded‐dipole SAMs are thoroughly analyzed using a number of complementary characterization techniques combined with quantum‐mechanical modeling. It is shown that such mid‐chain‐substituted monolayers are highly interesting from both fundamental and application viewpoints, as the dipolar groups are found to induce a potential discontinuity inside the monolayer, electrostatically shifting the core‐level energies in the regions above and below the dipoles relative to one another. These SAMs also allow for tuning the substrate work function in a controlled manner independent of the docking chemistry and, most importantly, without modifying the SAM‐ambient interface.     

不同应变率下纳米多晶Cu/Ni薄膜变形行为的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学方法模拟了纳米多晶Cu/Ni薄膜在不同应变率下进行应变加载时的变形行为与力学性能.结果表明:Cu/Ni薄膜在较高的应变率加载情况下具有较高的屈服极限和应变率敏感性(m).应变率为108s1时Cu/Ni多层膜的界面上产生孔洞,而应变率为1010s-1时纳米多晶Cu薄膜出现碎裂.在较高的应变率加载条件下,Cu,Ni薄膜中FCC,HCP,OTHER原子团分数变化都很显著,而较小应变率时只有Cu薄膜的结构变化明显.模拟结果还表明,应变率增加有利于堆垛层错的形成,但应变率超过某一值时无序原子团增加会阻碍堆垛层错原子团的生长.     

人防工程竣工验收评估系统设计与实现

为提高人防工程竣工验收评估工作的规范化和自动化水平,设计并实现了人防工程竣工验收评估系统。给出系统的总体设计方案,并确定了系统的功能结构。在对人防工程常见质量问题广泛调研的基础上,结合人防工程相关标准规范,制定了人防工程竣工验收评估的指标体系。使用层次分析法,计算得到了指标体系中各指标的权重,并对系统使用的评估算法进行了详细阐述。最后,基于微软VisualStudio开发平台实现了系统的各个功能模块。     

层数和层高对高层建筑剪力墙数量的影响

运用有限元结构软件SATWE通过对工程实例计算分析,研究高层建筑剪力墙结构的层数和层高变化对剪力墙数量的影响,得出一些参考建议。一般在高层建筑剪力墙结构的设计时尽量使得建筑物的高宽比不大于4,能控制建筑物的造价成本;改变结构的层高要比改变结构的层数对剪力墙结构的刚度影响更加显著;结构层数和结构层高增加时,通过增加剪力墙墙厚保证结构的最大层间位移角不变的条件下,会对结构的整体稳定和安全造成不利的影响。     

非离子纤维素醚改性水泥浆的孔结构

通过表现密度测试及宏观、微观孔结构观察,研究不同分子结构非离子纤维素醚对水泥浆孔结构的影响.结果表明,非离子纤维素醚会导致水泥浆孔隙率增加;非离子纤维素醚改性水泥浆黏度相近时,羟乙基纤维素醚(HEC)改性水泥浆的孔隙率比羟丙基甲基纤维素醚(HPMC)和甲基纤维素醚(MC)改性水泥浆小;基团含量相似的HPMC纤维素醚,黏度/相对分子质量越低,其改性水泥浆孔隙率越小.非离子纤维素醚掺入水泥浆后,降低了液相表面张力,使得水泥浆容易形成气泡;非离子纤维素醚分子定向吸附在气泡气-液界面,同时还增加了水泥浆液相黏度,使得水泥浆稳定气泡的能力增强.     

考虑降雨入渗的边坡稳定性分析

采用极限平衡分析法,建立了能考虑降雨入渗的饱和—非饱和边坡稳定性分析方法,对降雨条件下边坡稳定性变化规律进行了分析,计算结果表明,抗剪强度参数、边坡初始状态都对边坡稳定性具有明显影响,降雨造成的孔隙水压力变化比自重增大对边坡稳定性的影响更大.