PIV测速技术分析异型坯连铸结晶器流场

通过建立1[∶]1异型坯结晶器物理模型，采用PIV粒子测速技术，研究断面尺寸为767.3 mm×383.1 mm×103.2 mm异型坯结晶器不同工艺参数条件和不同水口结构对结晶器内流场的影响。PIV实验结果表明，减小拉速和增大水口底部内径可以有效地减小冲击深度，结晶器深度860 mm处水口中心最大流股速度分别下降了27.96%和41.46%；增加拉速和减小水口浸入深度可以提高流场下旋涡上顶点位置。通过减小拉速和浸入深度，增大水口底部内径可以改善结晶器内流场。     

流动液体中夹杂物超声去除的影响因素

以高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）颗粒和水形成的悬浮液为研究体系。考察了有无超声波作用下。介质流量、夹杂物数量以及夹杂物的粒径对总去除率、上浮去除率、壁面粘附去除率的影响。实验结果表明，在短时间内（30s)超声波对流动液体中的夹杂物具有明显的去除效果。总去除率达93％。夹杂物的总去除率随着超声波输入电功率的增大而提高；超声波对较多数量或较大粒径的夹杂物去除效果更显著。超声波作用下流动液体中的夹杂物比静止液体中的更容易去除。超声波对流动液体中夹杂物去除效果的去除机理主要是通过气泡捕获夹杂物，超声空化效应产生直接包裹夹杂物的气泡以及通过夹杂物碰撞凝聚使夹杂物容易上浮实现去除。     

铜石墨材料抗弯强度与孔隙的关系

定性地分析了孔隙含量、形状及其不同的位向关系在材料断裂过程中的行为，采用灰色系统方法处理试验数据，由此建立抗弯强度σｂｂ与孔隙度θ间的数学方程：σｂｂ＝σ０ｅ－βθ，式中σ０为材料孔隙度θ趋近于零时的归算抗弯强度值，β为表征孔隙形状及其位向关系的特征指数。所建立的方程式与实验值吻合较好。     

车辆铝合金大型材模具的设计与制造工艺研究

大型材挤压模具设计与制造是现代车辆大型铝合金型材生产的关键技术。以典型的难度较大的底板型材GDX—11为例，对大型模具的结构参数和尺寸设计进行了深入分析，并对模具材料、热处理工艺、模具制造工艺和修模等进行了讨论。研制出了合格的GDX—11铝合金大型材。     

静水压力对粉末多孔材料等径角挤压过程的影响

等径角挤压是获得块体超细晶材料的一种重要方法.针对纯铝粉末多孔材料,采用可压缩刚塑性有限元法对其等径角挤压过程进行数值模拟,并着重分析了静水压力对挤压效果的影响.研究结果表明,等径角挤压具有强烈的致密效果,增加变形体内部的静水压力不仅可以增加试件的变形能力,而且利于提高变形过程中材料的致密速度和获得高致密度的试件.     

Hot compression deformation behavior of MB26 magnesium alloy

The flow stress features of MB26 magnesium alloy were studied by isothermal compression at 300-450 ℃ and strain rate of 0.001^-1 s J with Gleeble 1500 thermal simulator. In addition, the deformation activation energy Q was calculated. The results show that the strain rate and deformation temperature have obvious effect on the true stress. The peak value of flow stress becomes larger with increasing strain rate at the same temperature, and gets smaller with the increasing deformation temperature at the same strain rate. The alloy shows partial dynamic recrystallization. The flow stress of MB26 magnesium alloy during high temperature deformation can be represented by Zener-Hollomon parameter including the Arrhemius term. The temperatt, re range of 350-400℃ is suggested for hot-forming of this alloy.     

莱钢异型坯单点非平衡浇铸的数值模拟

采用FLUENT软件对莱钢超薄大断面异型坯直通型水口单点非平衡浇铸的流动、传热和凝固进行了耦合数值模拟,讨论了水口浸入深度、拉速和过热度等工艺参数对流场、温度场和凝固坯壳的影响。结果表明,水口浸入深度的影响较小,而拉速和过热度对浇铸侧窄面注流冲击、温度变化和凝固坯壳生长的影响较大。耦合数值模拟为实际生产工艺参数的制定提供了依据。     

A new thermomechanical model of cutting applied to turning operations. Part II. Parametric study

In Part I of this work, Molinari and Moufki [Int. J. Mach. Tools Manufact., this issue], an analytical model of three-dimensional cutting is developed for turning processes. To analyse the influences of cutting edge geometry on the chip formation process, global effects such as the chip flow direction and the cutting forces, and local effects such as the temperature distribution and the surface contact at the rake face have been investigated. In order to accede to local parameters, the engaged part in cutting of the rounded nose is decomposed into a set of cutting edge elements. Thus each elementary chip, produced by a straight cutting edge element, is obtained from an oblique cutting process defined by the corresponding undeformed chip section and the local cutting angles. The present approach takes into account the fact that for each cutting edge element the local chip flow is imposed by the global chip movement. The material characteristics such as strain rate sensitivity, strain hardening and thermal softening, the thermomechanical coupling and the inertia effects are considered in the modelling. A detailed parametric study is provided in this paper in order to analyse the effects of cutting speed, depth of cut, feed, nose radius and cutting angles on cutting forces, global chip flow direction and temperature distribution at the rake face. The influence of friction at the tool–chip interface is also discussed.     

直控电反馈式微流量海水比例压力阀及其应用系统研究

针对海水介质的特点，研制了一种直控电反馈式微小流量海水比例压力阀，对其进行了理论分析。将该阀应用在深海极端环境模拟系统中，并进行了实验研究。结果表明：该阀的调压范围、调压精度均满足设计要求，并具有较好的静、动态特性。