基于纹理特征的指纹识别算法

基于纹理特征的指纹识别方法,具有计算量小的特点。本文对该指纹识别算法进行了系统研究,提出了一套新颖的方向图修正算法,对于噪声相对较小的情况具有良好的效果。本文对多窗口法求块方向图给出了减少运算量的方法;在方向滤波器设计方面,给出了一个方向滤波器的闭合等式,可以简化方向滤波器设计,大大减少运算量,并取得了较好的增强效果;在中心点求取方面,提出了一种新的粗搜索算法,可以减少计算量,加快中心区域搜索速度。     

使用静态小波变换增强与降噪真彩图像

由于几乎所有真彩图像都不同程度含有噪声,并且含有阴影和明亮光源的图像的动态范围超过了多数电子设备和人眼的感受区域,这就要求真彩图像被增强的同时还能够对噪声进行抑制.因此,在分析了噪声在HSV色彩空间分布的基础上,根据静态小波变换解释的入射-反射模型,提出了一种能够同时增强与降噪真彩图像的方法.实验表明,本方法在明显增强真彩图像的同时,还可以有效抑制图像中的噪声.     

一种细胞核内DNA物质含量准确测量及回归校正新方法

在定量细胞学研究中,细胞核内DNA物质含量的准确测量是癌症筛查与病理诊断的必要前题与最重要依据。由于算法、设备、环境等因素的影响,在对细胞核的数字显微图像进行处理与分析、测量DNA物质含量时会产生较大的误差。本文提出了一种基于数学形态学和k近邻回归算法的DNA物质含量校正新方法。该方法首先利用膨涨算法对细胞核分割掩码进行处理,从而对DNA物质含量的测量进行空间校正;然后采用k近邻回归算法,充分利用细胞核的形态、纹理等特征参数所蕴含的信息,从而对DNA物质含量进行光学回归校正。实验表明,该方法能够显著提高DNA物质含量测量的准确性和可信度,对提高病理诊断的特异性与敏感性都有积极的意义。     

Tokamak等离子体图像诊断系统的研制

针对Tokamak等离子体放电实验中需要对等离子体进行直观诊断的需求,根据实验的特点,研制了等离子体图像诊断系统,该系统以Matrox公司的Meteor Ⅱ/Digital采集卡和UNIQ VISION公司的UC610相机等为硬件核心,采用了Visual C++多线程技术进行实时图像采集,采用了Bayer变换和Gamma校正等数字图像处理技术将采集到的Bayer格式的灰度数字图像转换为彩色数字图像;该图像诊断系统实现了Tokamak放电实验中等离子体图像实时采集、处理和诊断等功能,充分满足了等离子体放电实验诊断的要求。     

Intensity standardization simplifies brain MR image segmentation

Typically, brain MR images present significant intensity variation across patients and scanners. Consequently, training a classifier on a set of images and using it subsequently for brain segmentation may yield poor results. Adaptive iterative methods usually need to be employed to account for the variations of the particular scan. These methods are complicated, difficult to implement and often involve significant computational costs. In this paper, a simple, non-iterative method is proposed for brain MR image segmentation. Two preprocessing techniques, namely intensity-inhomogeneity-correction, and more importantly MR image intensity standardization, used prior to segmentation, play a vital role in making the MR image intensities have a tissue-specific numeric meaning, which leads us to a very simple brain tissue segmentation strategy.Vectorial scale-based fuzzy connectedness and certain morphological operations are utilized first to generate the brain intracranial mask. The fuzzy membership value of each voxel within the intracranial mask for each brain tissue is then estimated. Finally, a maximum likelihood criterion with spatial constraints taken into account is utilized in classifying all voxels in the intracranial mask into different brain tissue groups. A set of inhomogeneity corrected and intensity standardized images is utilized as a training data set. We introduce two methods to estimate fuzzy membership values. In the first method, called SMG (for simple membership based on a gaussian model), the fuzzy membership value is estimated by fitting a multivariate Gaussian model to the intensity distribution of each brain tissue whose mean intensity vector and covariance matrix are estimated and fixed from the training data sets. The second method, called SMH (for simple membership based on a histogram), estimates fuzzy membership value directly via the intensity distribution of each brain tissue obtained from the training data sets. We present several studies to evaluate the performance of these two methods based on 10 clinical MR images of normal subjects and 10 clinical MR images of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. A quantitative comparison indicates that both methods have overall better accuracy than the k-nearest neighbors (kNN) method, and have much better efficiency than the Finite Mixture (FM) model-based Expectation-Maximization (EM) method. Accuracy is similar for our methods and EM method for the normal subject data sets, but much better for our methods for the patient data sets.     

Log-polar height maps for multiple range image registration

We propose a method for coarse registration of multiple range images that uses a log-polar height map (LPHM) as the key for establishing correspondence. The LPHM is a local height map orthogonally mapped on the tangent plane with the log-polar coordinate system. The input range images are roughly represented by signed distance field (SDF) samples. For each SDF sample, an LPHM is generated and is converted to an invariant feature vector. Point correspondence is established by a nearest neighbor search in feature space. The RANSAC algorithm is applied on the corresponding point pairs between each pair of range images, and the pairwise registration of input range images is determined by the extracted inlier point pairs. Finally, the global registration is determined by constructing a view tree, which is the spanning tree that maximizes the total number of inlier point pairs. The result of coarse registration is used as the initial state of the fine registration and modeling. The proposed method was tested on multiple real range image datasets.     

Correction of color information of a 3D model using a range intensity image

Most active optical range sensors record, simultaneously with the range image, the amount of light reflected at each measured surface location: this information forms what is called a range intensity image, also known as a reflectance image. This paper proposes a method that uses this type of image for the correction of the color information of a textured 3D model. This color information is usually obtained from color images acquired using a digital camera. The lighting condition for the color images are usually not controlled, thus this color information may not be accurate. On the other hand, the illumination condition for the range intensity image is known since it is obtained from a controlled lighting and observation configuration, as required for the purpose of active optical range measurement. The paper describes a method for combining the two sources of information, towards the goal of compensating for a reference range intensity image is first obtained by considering factors such as sensor properties, or distance and relative surface orientation of the measured surface. The color image of the corresponding surface portion is then corrected using this reference range intensity image. A B-spline interpolation technique is applied to reduce the noise of range intensity images. Finally, a method for the estimation of the illumination color is applied to compensate for the light source color. Experiments show the effectiveness of the correction method using range intensity images.     

基于DSP的磁性材料缺陷在线监测系统

在工业制造中,常常需要对磁性材料表面质量进行检测;目前,这种检测仍然采用目视检测手段,既费时费力,又容易漏检,检测结果可靠性差;针对目前国内磁性材料缺陷检测方法比较落后、检测效果较差的情况.设计了一套基于DSP的嵌入式磁性材料表面缺陷的识别与在线检测系统,利用图像处理技术,应用模式识别方法和DSP高速处理能力实现快速无接触测量与分检;经过运行检验表明,该系统能够实时高速地采集和处理图像数据,符合系统对实时性和测量精度的要求.     

浅谈《周易》中蕴含的设计思维

随着时代的发展,设计日益以一种文化的形式影响和改变着社会生活方式,文化的内涵是设计中不可忽视的要素,尤其在全球文化一体化危机中,人们更青睐于设计作品表达的精神内涵,通过造型形象所传达的内在文化性、思想性,以及浓厚的深远意境和文化品味。于是,越来越多的设计师把关注的目光投向了中国传统文化的发掘上。《周易》是我国古代重要的认识世界的首部经书,考察我国古代的艺术思维观念必然对今天的设计文化内涵的形成具有借鉴意义。     

设计管理在城市形象设计中的应用——以江西新余市孔目江两岸夜景照明设计为例

优美的滨水绿地夜景为市民提供一个舒适,宜人的夜环境,也为城市带来潜在的效益。它不仅仅属于技术的范畴,还涉及艺术、管理等多方面的内容。城市形象设计需要进行综合的考虑与研究。本文以江西新余市孔目江两岸夜景照明设计为例,从设计管理的角度探索城市视觉识别系统的设计原则,分析城市夜景照明应该注意的问题,对城市形象的设计具有重要的意义。