Pathways to eliminate carbon emissions via renewable energy investments at higher education institutions

Higher education institutions are among the many public and private sector entities that have committed to long-term sustainability goals in response to the threat of climate change. A key challenge for these institutions is establishing a commitment to make targeted investments in renewable energy technologies in support of emissions reduction goals. Such strategies require a vision to simultaneously coordinate strategic investments in renewable energy technologies with tactical operational decisions to achieve the desired benefits. In this paper, we formulate and solve a least-cost renewable energy capacity investment planning model to determine pathways to achieve emissions reduction strategies. Specifically, we apply our model to Rutgers University to evaluate its target of 100 % carbon neutrality. Using these insights, we share recommendations on how these strategies can be executed. This research serves as a springboard for administrators to assess and deploy their emissions reduction strategies, while ensuring system and financial constraints are satisfied.     

一种引入通信的多移动机器人编队方法*

提出以视觉跟踪为基础并引入通信进行多机器人的编队控制方法,根据需要编写了一种新的通信协议,采用闭环l-Φ实现编队算法.这种多机器人编队控制避免了视觉系统的局限,能够更好地在复杂未知环境中协作完成任务,解决了编队控制的无反馈和实时性不高的问题,使得机器人能够准确迅速地进行跟踪和通信编队,一起顺利达到目标点.试验结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

基于操纵平稳性的液压挖掘机轨迹规划方法

以既能达到良好的轨迹规划精度,又有优良的操纵平稳性为目标,提出了一种挖掘机器人的智能轨迹规划方法.以挖掘姿态角为优化变量;油缸进程和加速度梯度为双目标;位置盲角和最佳切削范围为约束建立优化数学模型,采用遗传算法寻找最优值.对3种规划策略：被动修正法、主动调整法和智能规划法进行了行程和速度梯度对比,结果表明,采用优化规划方法可以大幅减少液压系统冲击和振动,使挖掘机操纵更加平稳.     

Microstructure and properties of WC-8Co cemented carbides prepared by multiple spark plasma sintering

In this study, WC-8Co cemented carbides were prepared by spark plasma sintering. When the samples sintered at 1300℃ were cooled to room temperature, the samples were sintered multiple times at 1250℃. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of WC-8Co cemented carbides prepared by multiple spark plasma sintering were studied. The hardness of cemented carbides increased in the first two sintering, reaching 16.5 GPa. However, the hardness decreased seriously in the last two sintering. The attenuation rates of hardness were 6.2% and 2.5% due to the abnormal coarse grains. Furthermore, the crack path along the grain boundary was almost straight, causing a decrease in the indentation fracture toughness of cemented carbides. Additionally, the grains of cemented carbides were abnormally coarsened, and the morphologies of grains became unstable due to multiple sintering.     

高压粉末制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定海洋沉积物中28种组分

常规粉末压片制样是一种简单、高效的绿色环保制样技术,但是应用于某些沉积物样品制备存在样片表面粗糙和粉末容易脱落的问题。实验采用高于常规的压力进行样品制备,建立了X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)分析海洋沉积物样品中包括硫、氧化钠、氧化镁、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、氧化钙、二氧化钛、氧化锰、三氧化二铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、钒、铬、镓、铌、锆、钇、锶、铷、铅、钡、镧、钕和铪在内的28种主、微量组分的方法。探讨了压力为300 kN和1 600 kN时的制样效果,并尝试引入BP神经网络模型利用其非线性拟合能力校正主量组分的基体效应。结果表明,采用1 600 kN压力制备的样片,表面致密、光滑、不龟裂和不掉粉,制样重复性和测试精密度也有较大提高。以55个有证标准物质中17种组分的数据集为训练样本,建立了海洋沉积物样品中主、微量组分的遗传算法-BP神经网络预测模型。按照实验方法对各组分含量相对较低的实际样品连续测试12次,计算得方法的检出限在 0.63～634 μg/g之间;精密度试验结果表明,各组分测定值的相对标准偏差(RSD, n=7)为0.16%～25.1%。方法用于海洋沉积物实际样品分析,其分析结果与国标法的测定结果吻合,能够满足海洋沉积物样品中多种组分准确分析的要求。     

基于并行工程和网络计划技术的模具生产进度编制方法

在充分考虑模具生产的特点和生产活动之间并行性的基础上,建立了单副模具典型生产过程的细化网络图,提出了一种基于并行工程、网络计划技术和最优化生产技术(OPT,Optimal ProductionTechnology)的模具生产进度计划编制方法。通过算例及其结果分析,表明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

Quantification of secondary structure prediction improvement using multiple alignments

The use of multiple sequence alignments for secondary structurepredictions is analysed. Seven different protein families, containingonly sequences of known structure, were considered to providea range of alignment and prediction conditions. Using alignmentsobtained by spatial superposition of main chain atoms in knowntertiary protein structures allowed a mean of 8% in secondarystructure prediction accuracy, when compared to those obtainedfrom the individual sequences. Substitution of these alignmentsby those determined directly from an automated sequence alignmentalgorithm showed variations in the prediction accuracy whichcorrelated with the quality of the multiple alignments and distanceof the primary sequence. Secondary structure predictions canbe reliably improved using alignments from an automatic alignmentprocedure with a mean increase of 6.87percnt;, giving an overallprediction accuracy of 68.5%, if there is a minimum of 25% sequenceidentity between all sequences in a family.     

两性聚丙烯酰胺的合成方法及应用进展

结合国内外研究情况，从技术路线和实施方法两个角度着重阐述了制备两性聚丙烯酰胺的方法，同时简单介绍了其应用情况，并对今后的研究工作提出了一些建议。     

对我国乙烯工业发展的几点思考

阐述了世界乙烯工业现状、发展特点以及新型工艺技术分析，重点对我国乙烯工业总体发展水平、生产、消费、进出口贸易作了详细的讨论。在此基础上对我国乙烯工业发展方向、方式和规划提出了建议。     

The part of the private sector in global water planning: the role of desalination

Water is the key to further development. The private sector is already playing a major role in looking into alternatives for a balanced water supply situation with the help of advanced technologies. We were generously given many Gardens of Eden, but only a few will survive into the next century. A worldwide campaign is necessary to show the scarcity of water. The United Nations Habitat II Conference in Istanbul, June 3–14, 1996, and the preceding IDA World Conference in Abu Dhabi on Desalination and Water Sciences, 18–24 November, 1995, are the immediate platforms on which international institutions and multilateral development banks can discuss this topic and help formulate an agenda for the next century.