Biosorption behaviors of Cu, Zn, Cd and mixture by waste activated sludge

Biosorption of heavy metal ions, such as Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺, was carried out using waste activated sludge from municipal sewage treatment plant as adsorption material, and the effects of parameters, such as pH value, temperature, reaction time and sorption duration, were studied in detail. The results indicate that the removal rates of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ with low concentration are 96.47%, 80% and 90%, respectively, adsorbed by waste activated sludge. Little effect of dosage of activated sludge on the adsorption of Cu²⁺ and more effects on the adsorption of Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are observed. Little effect of temperature is observed, while pH value and adsorption time exert important influence on the sorption process. The adsorption behaviors of heavy metal ions all have parabolic relationships with pH value. The optimum pH value is between 6 and 10, and the optimum adsorption time is 1 h. In single heavy metal ion system, the sorption processes of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ are in accordance with Freundlich model, which indicates that it is suitable for the treatment of these three heavy metal ions using intermittent operation. In addition, the sorption capacity of the sludge for Cu²⁺ is preferential to the other two ions.     

A/O结合循环式活性污泥法处理海产品加工废水

针对海产品加工废水氨氮含量较高的特点。舟山兴业有限公司的污水处理工程采用两段A/O结合循环式活性污泥法工艺，工程验收合格后运行一年多来，排放废水的各项污染指标均达到国家《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）的二级标准，处理系统具有很好的抗冲击能力和脱氮效果。     

探讨回收污水中有用的物质

重油催化裂化等的污水含汽油、硫和氨，将汽油、硫和氨回收是哈尔滨石化分公司具有发展前景的项目。     

UASB-SBR工艺处理城市生活污水的研究

研究了UASB工艺处理城市生活污水的可行性，通过UASB与SBR组合工艺的运行实验，得出在水力停留时间3h时，COD去除率为61．67％-82．32％，出水COD达到国家污水排放二级标准。在氮磷去除效果不佳的情况下，采用SBR工艺处理后，其出水COD、SS、氮、磷等指标均达到国家污水一级排放标准。     

新型碳质催化剂用于NH3选择性催化还原NOx的研究

以城市污水处理厂剩余污泥为原料制备了一种新型碳质催化剂。通过试验考察了催化剂在NH₃选择催化还原NO中的应用效果。结果表明,催化性能较好，最佳的制备和催化反应条件为：锌铁物质的量比1∶0.5，热解温度750 ℃，反应温度400 ℃，O₂浓度15%。在此条件下，NOx的最大转化率达98.3%。通过考察证明催化剂自身具有一定的还原性能。对催化剂进行了FTIR、TG、SEM和BET分析，结果表明，催化剂具有很丰富的孔结构、活性粒子和表面官能团，比表面积较大，最大可达307 m²·g^-1，分析结果显示具有良好的催化条件。     

Simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation of pulp mill primary clarifier sludge

Bioconversion of sludge from the primary clarifier of a sulphite pulping operation to ethanol offers a number of advantages over conventional disposal options. The amount of material which must be disposed of is reduced while, at the same time, salable and environmentally friendly fuel-ethanol is produced. In this study, primary clarifier sludge (PCS) was shown to be hydrolysed to produce fermentable sugars at a rate proportional to enzyme loading. Initial (1 hour) hydrolysis rates as high as 12.6 g reducing sugar/L · h were observed at an initial enzyme loading of 10 filter paper units (FPU)/g. Hydrolysis was inhibited by spent sulphite liquor (SSL), an inhibition which could be completely overcome by fermenting the SSL to remove sugars. Surfactants were found to only marginally improve the production of sugars. To reduce the deleterious effects of end product inhibition, single stage simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) was carried out using cellulase enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.     

城市污水处理厂污泥中温两相厌氧消化的研究

采用中温两相厌氧消化处理西安市污水处理厂污泥,结果表明,污泥可在较短的停留时间(296 h,产酸相30 h,产甲烷相266 h),较高的有机负荷(约2.65 kg VS/m3.d)下稳定运行,系统VS去除率38.87%,pH≈7.5,产气速率6.33 L/L.d,单位VS产气率3.00 L/g。与单相厌氧消化处理结果对比,两相厌氧消化系统的停留时间可减少一半,而污泥有机负荷提高2倍,且有机物的去除率大,处理效果好,稳定性高,抗冲击负荷能力强,产气性良好。     

污水厂污泥制地砖及共性能

参照普通陶瓷砖的生产工艺，烧制污泥地砖，对其抗压、抗折、抗磨损性能、腐蚀性能及影响因素进行检测和分析，以探讨用城市污水处理污泥制造地砖的可能性。实验表明：随污泥含量增加，烧制成品的抗压强度显著下降，抗折强度略有增加。细粒径污泥粉配料有利于提高制品整体强度。采用复合材料结构可提高制品的抗压强度。成品的抗磨损性能优于普通砖的，略低于普通市售陶瓷砖的。这种地砖的水浸出液不具有腐蚀性能，且污泥中所含重金属Mn，Cu被很好固化在砖中而不能渗出。     

膜分离活性污泥法在辣根废水处理中的应用

本文以处理辣根废水为例，介绍一种新的水处理方法-膜分离活性污泥法，并阐述了膜分离活性污泥法如何解决污泥膨胀问题以及传统活性污泥法所不具有的特性。     

复合微生物处理生活污水的研究

对复合微生物进行了研究,利用4种微生物群分别与活性污泥混合使用处理城市污水,考察了这几种复合微生物群在不同水力停留时间时的污水处理效果,并且用空白活性污泥作对照,进行了出水CODcr的值及其去除率的对比、分析和研究。