Use of mesoporous SBA-15 for nanostructuring titania for photocatalytic applications

SBA15–TiO₂ samples prepared by introducing titanium with a grafting method and having TiO₂ loadings below 15 wt.% have been characterized by XRF, XRD, IR, porosimetry, SEM, HRTEM, and UV–Visible diffuse reflectance. Differently from the samples reported in the literature characterized by a high TiO₂ loading, no evidences have been found for the presence of titania particles inside or outside the mesopores of SBA-15. Three different titanium species were instead evidenced to be present. The first two derive from the reaction of titanium with silanol groups in the corona area of inner SBA-15 walls leading to the formation of either TiO₄ tetrahedral sites (by reaction by hydroxyl nests of surface defect sites) and/or pseudo-octahedral surface sites anchored by two (or more) Si or Ti ions through bridging oxygens. The third species derives from the reaction of titanium in the regions with high sylanol density, e.g. in the micropores located in the corona of SBA-15 channels, leading to the formation of TiO₂-like nanoareas (probably Si-doped) with dimensions of around 1–2 nm maximum. The potential interest of these materials as photocatalysts, for the presence of a TiO₂-like nanoareas highly accessible by reactants, is discussed.     

A polyamide-silica composite prepared by the sol-gel process

Summary A new kind of organic-inorganic hybrid composite was prepared by means of the sol-gel process. The polymer employed was a mixed-isomer aromatic polyamide having good solubility and thermal stability. The silica constituting the inorganic phase was produced by the hydrolysis and condensation of tetramethoxysilane. The bonding between the phases involved aminophenyl-trimethoxysilane, in which the amino group can react with the phthaloyl chloride end-capped polymer, and the methoxysilane groups undergo hydrolysis. The composition of these composites was varied by changing the linear polymer chain length and relative amount of tetramethoxysilane. The gelation time was found to range from a few minutes to several days. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that decomposition starts at approximately 450 °C. Thin films cast from materials having a relatively high silica content were opaque and rigid, but those with low silica content were flexible and transparent.     

基于电子印刷工艺的薄膜热电偶研制

薄膜热电偶由于具有体积小、热容量小及响应速度快等优点成为近年来学者们研究的重点。薄膜制备常用的方法有射频溅射法、离子镀膜法以及直流脉冲磁控溅射法等,但这些方法操作设备复杂,制作时间长,效率低,成功率低且复现性差。用电子印刷工艺制备薄膜热电偶,将Au,Pt的溶液化微纳米材料印制在基板上,印刷成为Au-Pt薄膜热电偶,该方法操作方便快捷,对电极材料污染小。通过试验证明:采用电子印刷工艺制备的Au-Pt薄膜热电偶符合Au-Pt热电偶检定规程的要求,热电偶精度高,重复性和一致性好。     

熔融石英耐火材料

阐述了熔融石英耐火材料的主要性能与应用领域。     

熔融石英陶瓷的性能及其应用

介绍了石英陶瓷的性能特点、制备过程及应用领域     

Silica to Silicon: Key Carbothermic Reactions and Kinetics

The primary carbothermic reactions for the reduction of silica to produce silicon were defined and the reaction kinetics were determined. Most possible reactions between silicon oxide and carbon or carbon compounds were studied by a series of thermogravimetric analyses at temperatures up to 2000°C. Four key sequential reactions occur with SiC and SiO as intermediate reactants; two reactions involve SiO₂ and two involve SiO. Reaction rate versus temperature, activation energy, and preexponential factors were determined for each of six reactions involving SiO₂ or SiO. These kinetic studies show that SiO, when combined with either carbon or Sic, reacts in the gaseous state, and the sublimation of SiO is not the rate-limiting reaction for forming silicon.     

PTA尾气吸附系统的优化

针对吸附系统内除湿剂硅胶频繁破碎现象进行优化。在找出硅胶破碎原因的基础上,通过吸附塔直径放大18.3%,引出部分尾气,使床层流速降低。在吸附塔进口管处,安装雾沫分离器;在硅胶前沿填充部分耐水硅胶以减少液态水的冲击。再生蒸汽加热管上加调节阀防止硅胶过分干燥。使A塔硅胶使用了540d,B塔硅胶使用了630d。     

Oil thermal annealed nano‐structured indium tin oxide thin films for display applications

Indium tin oxide‐coated thin films (200 nm) are deposited on glass substrates by using R.f. sputtering technique. Here, we investigate the influence of new technique of treatment, which is called as “oil thermal annealing” on the nano‐structured indium tin oxide thin films at fixed temperature (150 °C) which improves adhesion strength, electrical conductivity and optical properties (transmittance) of the films. Oil thermal annealing is used to reduce inherent defects that may be introduced during the prepared thin film and cooling processes. Proposed technique is highly suitable for liquid crystal displays, solar cells and organic light emitting diodes, and many other display‐related applications.     

Synthesis and characterization of porous media produced by a sol-gel method

Mesoporous silica materials were synthesized by sol-gel method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursors and surfactants i.e., cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and polyoxyethylene cetyl ether (Brij 56) as templates. Surfactant templates were completely removed by calcination to form mesoporous structure. The effects of type and amount of surfactants on the characteristics of samples were studied. The textural characteristics such as surface area, pore volume, pore size, and pore size distribution were determined by nitrogen sorption isotherms. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to qualitatively identify the chemical functionality and to confirm the removal of surfactant template. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to directly observe surface morphology and mesoporous structure, respectively. The adsorption capacity of the synthesized adsorbent for toluene vapor was examined. We found that the pore volume and pore size of mesoporous materials affected the adsorption capacity. The sample prepared with high content of CTAB under basic condition (pH ∼7) yielded large pore volumes and pore sizes and subsequently possessed the high adsorption capacity for toluene vapor.