扫描近场光学显微镜及其在生物微结构探测上的应用

扫描近场光学显微镜（ＳＮＯＭ）可探测生物体亚波长水平的光学特性，以接近分子水平的分辨率在生物微结构成象、探测和修饰等多方面有巨大的潜力。本文对ＳＮＯＭ的技术方法及其近期的的生物学应用进行了介绍。     

西非被动大陆边缘Walvis Ridge以南纳米比亚盆地的地质特征及油气意义——兼与Walvis Ridge以北盆地比较

西非被动大陆边缘近海盆地区是世界关注的油气产区和投资热点地区之一,但目前为止的油气产出主要集中在Walvis Ridge以北的盆地区(北部盆地区),而以南的纳米比亚盆地区只发现了一个Kudu气田。从西非被动边缘的构造演化历史、边缘结构特征等方面,通过纳米比亚盆地与北部产油气盆地间的比较,对纳米比亚近海盆地区的油气勘探前景进行了有益的探讨。综合分析后认为,纳米比亚近海盆地区油气勘探没有大的突破的主要原因是受政治影响、勘探程度低及公布资料较少、研究程度低。从边缘演化特征来看,纳米比亚盆地区裂谷作用及海底扩张方式、边缘结构等与北部盆地区十分相似,只不过时间上略早。南、北盆地区都经历了前裂谷期、同裂谷期、过渡期和后裂谷期等几个发育时期,形成了类似的构造—沉积组合,发育类似的烃源岩层(除与北部盆地区类似的烃源岩层外,纳米比亚边缘Karoo期前裂谷期沉积可能也是潜在烃源岩)。成熟度和热史模拟认为,纳米比亚边缘离开海岸线一定距离内油气成熟度达到中、高度,具备了油气生成条件,而储盖层及对西非产油意义较大的蒸发岩也较发育,漂移期地层中发育的重力滑动构造可形成大型构造圈闭并对漂移期浊积岩分布有控制作用。综合分析后认为,纳米比亚盆地区与北部盆地区具十分相似的地质背景,具备了形成油气的条件,应加强勘探与研究工作,而纳米比亚近海盆地离开岸线一定范围是油气勘探的优选目标区。     

布喇格光纤光栅反射特性及制作的理论研究

在对光纤光栅折射率分布进行合理假设的基础上,运用耦合模理论计算了光纤光栅的反射特性,对其反射特性与相关参数的关系进行了分析,并且还推导出了用相位掩模法制造光纤光栅的理论根据,得到了一些有益于光纤光栅制造的结论和有用公式。     

光催化降解废气过程中紫外辐射照度模拟和优化

为在光催化设计中合理布置紫外灯,减少光在传输过程中的损失,概括总结径向辐射模型、多点源叠加近似辐射模型和离散坐标辐射模型等3种经典的紫外辐射物理模型;基于离散坐标辐射模型模拟某公司生产的光催化氧化废气处理装置的紫外辐射照度;通过调整灯管布置距离改变光强分布,并拟合光催化单元和光催化网表面的平均紫外辐射照度随灯管布置距离变化曲线.结果表明,距离参数在55～65 mm时,该光催化反应装置的光能利用率较好;紫外灯的合理布置可有效提高光能利用率.     

The Attenuated Secretion of Hyaluronan by UVA-Exposed Human Fibroblasts Is Associated with Up- and Downregulation of HYBID and HAS2 Expression via Activated and Inactivated Signaling of the p38/ATF2 and JAK2/STAT3 Cascades

Little is known about the effects on hyaluronan (HA) metabolism of UVA radiation. This study demonstrates that the secretion of HA by human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) is downregulated by UVA, accompanied by the down- and upregulation of mRNA and protein levels of the HA-synthesizing enzyme (HAS2) and the HA-degrading protein, HYaluronan Binding protein Involved in HA Depolymerization(HYBID), respectively. Signaling analysis revealed that the exposure distinctly elicits activation of the p38/MSK1/CREB/c-Fos/AP-1 axis, the JNK/c-Jun axis, and the p38/ATF-2 axis, but downregulates the phosphorylation of NF-kB and JAK/STAT3. A signal inhibition study demonstrated that the inhibition of p38 significantly abrogates the UVA-accentuated mRNA level of HYBID. Furthermore, the inhibition of STAT3 significantly downregulates the level of HAS2 mRNA in non-UVA exposed HDFs. Analysis using siRNAs demonstrated that transfection of ATF-2 siRNA but not c-Fos siRNA abrogates the increased protein level of HYBID in UVA-exposed HDFs. An inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase but not of protein serine/threonine phosphatase restored the diminished phosphorylation level of STAT3 at Tyr 705, accompanied by a significant abolishing effect on the decreased mRNA expression level of HAS2. Silencing with a protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-Meg2 siRNA revealed that it abrogates the decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr 705 in UVA-exposed HDFs. These findings suggest that the UVA-induced decrease in HA secretion by HDFs is attributable to the down- and upregulation of HAS2 and HYBID expression, respectively, changes that are mainly ascribed to the inactivated signaling of the STAT3 axis due to the activated tyrosine protein phosphatase PTP-Meg2 and the activated signaling of the p38/ATF2 axis, respectively.     

Design of the broadband microstrip array antenna for blast furnace surface monitoring

Aiming at the requirements of high-resolution imaging and high integration of the blast furnace radar,this paper presents a method for designing a wideband microstrip array antenna,which broadens the antenna bandwidth through the design of parasitic patches and air layers.By combining multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging principles,a linear MIMO array is designed,and a near-field simulation imaging experiment is performed on the simulated feed line through the wave number domain imaging algorithm.Simulation results show that the gain of the main lobe of the antenna can reach 14.05 dBi,the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB,the absolute bandwidth is 5.25 GHz,the operating frequency is 20.67~25.92 GHz,and the range resolution is increased to 3 cm compared with the existing blast furnace radar.The average error of the azimuth direction of the simulated material line imaging is 0.008 m,and the range direction is 0.0011 m.Compared with the traditional microstrip array antenna,this antenna effectively widens the bandwidth,and the range resolution is higher than that of the traditional blast furnace radar.It can accurately obtain the shape information on the simulated material line,and has an engineering application value for blast furnace surface monitoring.     

STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION OF TITANIUM-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES BY X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

As a potential application of titanium-oxide nanoparticles, it is extremely important to investigate a detailed picture of the surface and interior structural properties of nanocrystalline materials, such as rutile and anatase with diameters 7.0 and 4.5nm, respectively. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has been used to identify the local Ti environment and related electronic structure. We combine the experimental results at the Ti edge in both bulk and nano-crystals to determine the lattice distortion in terms of differently characteristic preedge features and the variation in the multiple-scattering region of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. The relationship between the transition peaks and the surface-to volume ratio is also discussed.     

Red Emissive Carbon Dots Prepared from Polymers as an Efficient Nanocarrier for Coptisine Delivery in vivo and in vitro

Negatively charged fluorescent carbon dots (CDs, E_m=608 nm) were hydrothermally prepared from thiophene phenylpropionic acid polymers and then successfully loaded with the positively charged anticancer cargo coptisine, which suffers from poor bioavailability. The formed CD-coptisine complexes were thoroughly characterized by particle size, morphology, drug loading efficiency, drug release, cellular uptake and cellular toxicity in vitro and antitumor activities in vivo. In this nano-carrier system, red emissive CDs possess multiple advantages as follows: 1) high drug loading efficiency (>96 %); 2) sustained drug release; 3) enhanced drug efficacy towards cancer cells; 4) EPR effect; 5) drug release tracing with near-infrared imaging. These properties indicated that red emissive CDs prepared from polymers could be used as a novel drug delivery system with integrated therapeutic and imaging functions in cancer therapy, which are expected to have great potential in future clinical applications.     

Elastic-plastic analytical solution for centric crack loaded by two pairs of point shear forces in finite plate

1 Introduction A great number of cracks exist in metal materials. Their existence and interaction often lead to high stress concentration and become the source of weakening and failure of metal materials[1- 4]. The elastic-plastic analysis for a cracked p…     

气液并流吸收过程中液相近界面浓度分布的全息干涉测量

1 INTRODUCTION Mass transfer across free interface of gas-liquid flow is of extensive importance and is encountered in most industrial applications. A close investigation of concentration distribution near the interface is helpful to understand mass transfer phenomena, to guide the development of transport theories, and to optimize the design of gas-liquid contact equipment. Laser holographic interference technique provides a precise and noncontact measurement method for measuring the tran…