Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amides of Catechol Metabolites that Exhibit Antiobesity Properties

A series of fatty acid amides of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) catechol metabolites were synthesized in order to evaluate their biological activities. Upon administration, all synthesized compounds resulted in negative modulation of food intake in rats. The most active compounds have affinity for the CB₁ receptor and/or PPAR‐α; part of their biological activity may be caused by these double interactions.     

L-茶氨酸与表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯预防肥胖及高胆固醇血症的协同调节作用

以成功造模肥胖及高胆固醇血症大鼠的高脂饲料为基础,以辛伐他汀为阳性对照,比较研究了表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG,83.3 mg·kg?1·d?1)+L-茶氨酸(16.7 mg·kg?1·d?1)、EGCG(100 mg·kg?1·d?1)和L-茶氨酸(100 mg·kg?1·d?1)连续灌胃高脂饮食SPF级SD大...     

A review of recent studies in China on the possible beneficial health effects of tea

Tea is one of the most heavily consumed beverages in the world. The relationship between tea drinking and human health is becoming a subject of intense study by scientists throughout the world. In this paper, we first provide a comprehensive analysis of the medical literature on tea published in China during the past 20 years, and then highlight some recent studies in China on the relationship between tea and several human diseases. During the period 1982–2002, 691 research papers related to tea and health have been published in 290 Chinese journals. These studies showed that tea and tea constituents have various biological activities and suggested that tea drinking might be beneficial to human health. Tea has potential in the prevention or adjuvant treatment of several diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and obesity. The trend and future direction in medical research on tea in China are also briefly discussed.     

Calcium and Vitamin D in the Regulation of Energy Balance: Where Do We Stand?

There is a pandemic of obesity and associated chronic diseases. Dietary calcium and vitamin D have many extra-skeletal roles in human health. In this review we have summarized the current understanding of their influence on human energy balance by examining the epidemiological, clinical, animal, cellular and molecular evidence. We opine that while calcium and vitamin D are functional nutrients in the battle against obesity, there is a need for prospective human trials to tilt the balance of evidence in favour of these nutrients.     

2010年广西正常体重成年人中心型肥胖流行状况分析

目的：了解广西正常体重人群中心型肥胖流行状况及分布特点。方法利用中国慢性病及其危险因素监测项目问卷调查及身体测量获得的数据,分析广西6个监测点18岁以上体重正常人群2244人中心型肥胖的流行情况,以及体重正常人群中心型肥胖与心血管疾病危险因素聚集的关系。结果体重正常成人中,按照腰围、腰围身高比划分的中心型肥胖率分别为7.3％和16.6％,均为女性高于男性（P值均＜0.01）并随着年龄的增加而上升;按照腰围划分,城市地区中心型肥胖率（10.5%）高于农村（6.1%）,而按照腰围身高比划分则两者差别不大,城市、农村地区分别为17.9%和16.1%。在调整了年龄、性别、受教育程度、城乡等因素后,正常体重人群中心型肥胖者心脑血管疾病危险因素聚集的比例是非中心型肥胖者的2.272倍。结论体重正常人群中约有17%为中心型肥胖,并伴有心脑血管疾病危险因素聚集的风险升高。建议在开展肥胖干预时,不仅要强调维持健康体重和腰围,更要结合腰围身高比指标,倡导通过控制饮食和增加身体活动来控制肥胖。     

Stress, race, and body weight.

Objective: Stress has been identified as a significant factor in health and in racial/ethnic health disparities. A potential mediator in these relationships is body weight. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between stress, race, and body weight were examined in an ethnically diverse sample of overweight and obese women with Type 2 diabetes (n = 217) enrolled in a behavioral weight loss program. Main Outcome Measures: Stress (Perceived Stress Scale) was assessed at baseline only and body weight (body mass index) was assessed at baseline and 6 months. Results: Stress was not related to baseline body weight. With every 1 unit lower scored on the baseline stress measure, women lost 0.10 kg ± .04 more at 6 months (p     

Motivational “spill-over” during weight control: Increased self-determination and exercise intrinsic motivation predict eating self-regulation.

Objective: Successful weight management relies on at least two health behaviors, eating and exercise. However, little is known about their interaction on a motivational and behavioral level. Based on the Hierarchical Model of Motivation the authors examined whether exercise-specific motivation can transfer to eating regulation during a lifestyle weight control program. The authors further investigated whether general, treatment-related, and exercise motivation underlie the relation between increased exercise and improved eating regulation. Design: Overweight/obese women participated in a 1-year randomized controlled trial (N = 239). The intervention focused on promoting physical activity and internal motivation for exercise and weight loss, following Self-Determination Theory. The control group received general health education. Main Outcome Measures: General and exercise specific self-determination, eating self-regulation variables, and physical activity behavior. Results: General self-determination and more autonomous exercise motivation predicted eating self-regulation over 12 months. Additionally, general and exercise self-determination fully mediated the relation between physical activity and eating self-regulation. Conclusion: Increased general self-determination and exercise motivation seem to facilitate improvements in eating self-regulation during weight control in women. These motivational mechanisms also underlie the relationship between improvements in exercise behavior and eating regulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Food reinforcement, the dopamine D? receptor genotype, and energy intake in obese and nonobese humans.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 122(1) of Behavioral Neuroscience (see record 2008-01943-025). In the original article, the n values (and corresponding percentages) for the number of people with the A1/A1 & A1/A2 and A2/A2 genotypes were reversed in Table 2. The corrected table appears in the erratum, with the revised numbers appearing in bold font.] The authors measured food reinforcement, polymorphisms of the dopamine D? receptor (DRD?) and dopamine transporter (DAT1) genes, and laboratory energy intake in 29 obese and 45 nonobese humans 18-40 years old. Food reinforcement was greater in obese than in nonobese individuals, especially in obese individuals with the TaqI A1 allele. Energy intake was greater for individuals high in food reinforcement and greatest in those high in food reinforcement with the TaqI A1 allele. No effect of the DAT1 genotype was observed. These data show that individual differences in food reinforcement may be important for obesity and that the DRD? genotype may interact with food reinforcement to influence energy intake. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)