高强灌浆材料结合卡箍在导管架受损构件加固中的应用

以南海某海域一施工船与四桩导管架基础发生碰撞为背景,结合当前研究对导管架受损区域的承载力进行分析,计算得到受损截面凹陷处的轴向承载力和极限弯矩。简述海洋工程领域中受损构件的加固修复方法,探讨卡箍技术的理论研究现状及其在实际工程中的应用现状。基于典型灌浆卡箍修复技术提出一种采用80 MPa高强度灌浆材料结合卡箍技术进行加固修复的新方案,并采用有限元软件对加固后的组合结构进行数值模拟。仿真结果表明,该组合结构可有效改善导管架受损区域受力状况,提高结构的承载力。简述该方案的施工流程,以期为实际工程提供参考。     

Metal‐containing Polymers via Electropolymerization

Electropolymerization represents a suitable and well‐established approach for the assembly of polymer structures, in particular with regard to the formation of thin, insoluble films. Utilization of monomers that are functionalized with metal complex units allows the combination of structural and functional benefits of polymers and metal moieties. Since a broad range of both electropolymerizable monomers and metal complexes are available, various structures and, thus, applications are possible. Recent developments in the field of synthesis and potential applications of metal‐functionalized polymers obtained via electropolymerization are presented, highlighting the significant advances in this field of research.     

西南桦木包装材料在热处理后的润湿性能研究

通过动态接触角测量、红外光谱分析、表面粗糙度测量、扫描电镜观察和偏相关分析,研究了西南桦木的润湿性能。结果表明,木材经180℃热处理4 h后,润湿性能下降:接触角由40°增至121°,羟基和羰基数量减少,粗糙度降低;处理时间与接触角显著相关;西南桦木用作包装材料,若采用热处理,可去除有害生物,还具备疏水功能。     

Inorganic/Organic Double‐Network Gels Containing Ionic Liquids

Highly robust ion gels, termed double‐network (DN) ion gels, composed of inorganic/organic interpenetrating networks and a large amount of ionic liquids (ILs), are fabricated. The DN ion gels with an 80 wt% IL content show extraordinarily high mechanical strength: more than 28 MPa of compressive fracture stress. In the DN ion gel preparation, a brittle inorganic network of physically bonded silica nanoparticles and a ductile organic network of polydimethylacrylamide (PDMAAm) are formed in the IL. Because of the different reaction mechanisms of the inorganic/organic networks, the DN ion gels can be formed by an easy and free‐shapeable one‐pot synthesis. They can be prepared in a controllable manner by manipulating the formation order of the inorganic and organic networks via not only multistep but also single‐step processes. When silica particles form a network prior to the PDMAAm network formation, DN ion gels can be prepared. The brittle silica particle network in the DN ion gel, serving as sacrificial bonds, easily ruptures under loading to dissipate energy, while the ductile PDMAAm network maintains the shape of the material by the rubber elasticity. Given the reversible physical bonding between the silica particles, the DN ion gels exhibit a significant degree of self‐recovery by annealing.     

聚乙烯亚胺为主链的液晶高分子研究进展

综述了近几年以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为主链的液晶高分子的研究进展.从PEI型液晶高分子的原理、结构和性能方面着手,展望了几类新型PEI液晶高分子的发展趋势.     

脲醛树脂基高分子材料改性研究

本文简要介绍了脲醛树脂基高分子材料的基本生产工艺流程,探索玻璃纤维、纳米蒙脱土、丁腈橡胶粉以及玉米淀粉种类和用量对脲醛树脂基高分子材料耐电击穿性能的影响。实验结果表明,选用玻璃纤维作为增强剂对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度影响最为明显,纳米蒙脱土次之,玉米淀粉的加入对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度影响不明显,而丁腈橡胶的加入对脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度有明显的下降趋势,改性后的脲醛树脂基高分子材料的耐电击穿强度能超过17KV/mm,最佳耐压时间在100s以上。     

Enhanced π–π Interactions of Nonfullerene Acceptors by Volatilizable Solid Additives in Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Fine‐tuning of the nanoscale morphologies of the active layers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) through various techniques plays a vital role in improving the photovoltaic performance. However, for emerging nonfullerene (NF) PSCs, the morphology optimization of the active‐layer films empirically follows the methods originally developed in fullerene‐based blends and lacks systematic studies. In this work, two solid additives with different volatilities, SA‐4 and SA‐7, are applied to investigate their influence on the morphologies and photovoltaic performances of NF‐PSCs. Although both solid additives effectively promote the molecular packing of the NF acceptors, due to the higher volatility of SA‐4, the devices processed with SA‐4 exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 13.5%, higher than that of the control devices, and the devices processed with SA‐7 exhibit poor performances. Through a series of detailed morphological analyses, it is found that the volatilization of SA‐4 after thermal annealing is beneficial for the self‐assembly packing of acceptors, while the residuals due to the incomplete volatilization of SA‐7 have a negative effect on the film morphology. The results delineate the feasibility of applying volatilizable solid additives and provide deeper insights into the working mechanism, establishing guidelines for further material design of solid additives.     

Molecular and Physiological Responses of Citrus sinensis Leaves to Long-Term Low pH Revealed by RNA-Seq Integrated with Targeted Metabolomics

Low pH-induced alterations in gene expression profiles and organic acids (OA) and free amino acid (FAA) abundances were investigated in sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan] leaves. We identified 503 downregulated and 349 upregulated genes in low pH-treated leaves. Further analysis indicated that low pH impaired light reaction and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, thereby lowering photosynthesis in leaves. Low pH reduced carbon and carbohydrate metabolisms, OA biosynthesis and ATP production in leaves. Low pH downregulated the biosynthesis of nitrogen compounds, proteins, and FAAs in leaves, which might be conducive to maintaining energy homeostasis during ATP deprivation. Low pH-treated leaves displayed some adaptive responses to phosphate starvation, including phosphate recycling, lipid remodeling, and phosphate transport, thus enhancing leaf acid-tolerance. Low pH upregulated the expression of some reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aldehyde detoxifying enzyme (peroxidase and superoxidase) genes and the concentrations of some antioxidants (L-tryptophan, L-proline, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, and pyroglutamic acid), but it impaired the pentose phosphate pathway and V_E and secondary metabolite biosynthesis and downregulated the expression of some ROS and aldehyde detoxifying enzyme (ascorbate peroxidase, aldo-keto reductase, and 2-alkenal reductase) genes and the concentrations of some antioxidants (pyridoxine and γ-aminobutyric acid), thus disturbing the balance between production and detoxification of ROS and aldehydes and causing oxidative damage to leaves.     

我国有机食品的现状及发展趋势

介绍了有机食品的特点及对人与自然和谐发展的作用,并概述了我国有机食品的发展现状及趋势.