基于占用率的体系结构脆弱因子在线计算方法

随着CMOS工艺的不断进步,单个芯片上集成的晶体管数目快速增长,使得由高能粒子和α粒子辐射产生的软错误逐渐成为影响微处理器可靠性的重要因素。通过计算体系结构脆弱因子,量化分析软错误对微处理器中不同结构的影响,已成为指导微处理器容错设计、提高系统可靠性的重要方法。体系结构脆弱因子在线计算方法,利用体系结构脆弱因子随应用程序运行而变化的特点,指导动态选择容错技术,实现可靠性与性能之间的平衡。在对已有方法分析的基础上,提出一种基于占用率的体系结构脆弱因子在线计算方法,并在Sim Alpha模拟器上进行验证。通过运行SPEC CPU2000基准测试程序,计算发射队列、重命名缓冲和存取队列的体系结构脆弱因子。实验结果表明,该方法能有效计算微处理器中不同结构的体系结构脆弱因子,与离线计算方法相比,发射队列、重排序缓存和存取队列三个体系结构脆弱因子的平均绝对误差仅为0.10、0.01和0.039。     

Relationship between processing,microstructure, and mechanical properties of injection molded thermotropic LCP

A commercial thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), Vectra A950, was injection molded into rectangular sheets of thickness ranging from 1 to 4 mm. By changing the thickness of the mold, the shear rate experienced by the TLCP melt in the mold could be varied. The 1‐mm test sample was highly anisotropic while that with larger thickness (4 mm) was less anisotropic. X‐ray diffraction profile at various depths for each of the test sample corresponded to the degree in the fiber orientation present in the test samples. The anisotropy can be described macroscopically by measuring the tensile strength and modulus in the longitudinal and transverse direction. The ratio between the longitudinal and transverse property decreases proportionally to the thickness of the test sample. This reduction corresponded to the reduction in the shear field as the thickness of the mold was increased. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1713–1718, 2003     

The design and analysis of unequal error protection fountain coding for multiple source networks over binary erasure channels

A novel network model of multiple source fountain coding is developed and a novel class of generic multiple source fountain codes with unequal error protection(UEP)property is proposed.The And–Or tree analysis technique is generalized to analyze the asymptotic performance of the proposed codes and a joint optimization method employing both linear and nonlinear programs is developed to optimize the degree distributions.Furthermore,we propose three basic methods to achieve UEP property and the performance of each method is discussed.We employ these analytical results and optimization method to design and discuss several UEP codes with two and four sources for different application scenarios.Simulation results verify that the proposed codes can be applied to the networks with any number of sources and can provide strong UEP property in various ways based on the proposed three basic methods.     

Multipath effects on vector tracking algorithm for GNSS signal

The vector tracking algorithm uses a single extended Kalman filter （EKF） to predict the time-delays and the Doppler deviations of the GNSS signal, while also estimating the user＇s position, velocity, and clock state. In this paper, the effects of multipath on the tracking performance of the vector delay / frequency lock loop （VDFLL） is studied for better application in the multipath environment. The error expressions of the measurements are given in theory. The tracking error caused by multipath is reduced by VDFLL, which is proved by the tracking error of VDFLL through a new iterating method. The theoretical analysis is verified by the Monte Carlo simulation.     

Diffusion of ellipsoidal granular particles in shear flow

The diffusion of nonspherical particles has not been well understood due to the complexity of their contact mechanics and self-organization of their orientations. We perform discrete element method simulations of monodisperse ellipsoids in a shear flow with Lees-Edwards boundary conditions to quantify the relation between the diffusion coefficient and the flow parameters. The results indicate that the particle aspect ratio strongly affects the diffusion coefficient by influencing the particle orientation and alignment. We develop a scaling law for the diffusion coefficient perpendicular to the flow direction, D_yy, which combines the influences of the shear rate , the solids fraction f, the effective particle diameter d_eff and the particle aspect ratio Z. We show that , where k_d is a dimensionless pre-factor, and a fit is obtained for the functional form of χ(f, Z). This scaling law will be useful in developing continuum transport models for applications.     

Effect of the Three Gorges Reservoir on vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration and estimation accuracy of depth-average concentration in downstream reaches

The sediment regime in the middle Yangtze River has been significantly changed from quasi-equilibrium to nonequilibrium since the impoundment of the Three Georges Reservoir (TGR). To understand the effects of the TGR on vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and estimation accuracy of mean concentration, vertical sediment concentration and flow velocity data at the Shashi and Jianli hydrological stations in the reach before and after the impoundment were collected. Comparisons and analysis of vertical profiles of SSC before and after the TGR impoundment show that after the impoundment of the TGR, due to the coarsening of sediment particle size, the reduction in sediment load, and the significant decrease in sediment saturation, the vertical distribution of SSC in the downstream reaches became more uneven under medium and low water flows, which was reflected in the vertical gradient and the fluctuation degree of SSC significantly increased. In addition, the depth-average sediment concentrations were calculated by the selected-point method and the mean values calculated by the “multi-point method” were regarded as the “true mean” to evaluate the accuracy of the mean value calculated by the “few-point method.” It was found that the relative errors for the selected-point method were mainly positive before impoundment but mainly negative after impoundment. Additionally, the correction factors of one-point, two-point, and three-point methods and the position of the near-bed substituted point for the five-point method were given to reduce the error when the point measurements were used to calculate the depth-average sediment concentration in the downstream reaches.     

实时洪水预报中基于岭估计的AR修正模型研究

为提高实时洪水预报精度,经常将水文模型与误差修正模型相结合,AR模型因其结构简单广泛应用于实时洪水预报误差修正。然而,实际应用显示,AR模型时常出现修正结果不稳定现象,表现为流量修正幅度过大,甚至出现“震荡”现象,严重影响修正效果。鉴于此,本文从矩阵特征值角度解释了AR模型出现不稳定现象的原因,并引入岭估计方法选择性利用流量信息更新自回归系数,使其更满足真实流量的涨落过程,增强该模型的稳健性。将新方法应用于蔺河口流域,结果显示岭估计方法显著提高了AR模型的稳健性,从而改善了模型修正效果,进一步提高了洪水预报精度。     

10 kV用无源电子式电压传感器的应用研究

针对传统技术中采用电磁式CT互感器存在的不足,提出了适用于10 kV的无源电子式电压互感器。根据电压互感器的工作原理,介绍了10 kV无源电子式电压互感器在电能表检定装置方面的意义。进一步分析了无源电子式电压互感器在电力设备中应用的重要性和必要性,该技术能够有效地避免传统技术在电力线路信号传输和处理时带来附加误差,大大提高电能计量、保护和测量系统的精度,推进了电力系统朝向数字化、电子化、自动化、网络化的方向发展。实验表明,采用10 kV的无源电子式电压传感器与传统CT互感器相比,误差精度提高了10%以上。     

Symbol error probability of an OFDM receiver with pulse blanking based on the peak value threshold

Pulse blanking based on the peak value threshold is a widely used method to eliminate impulsive interference in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver. To assess the impact of pulse blanking on the link transmission reliability of the OFDM receiver, the analytical expression for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the OFDM receiver with pulse blanking based on the peak value threshold is derived in the frequency selective fading channel. According to this analysis, the calculation method for symbol error probability is given in this paper. Computer simulation indicates that theory accords with simulation and validates the accuracy of theoretical analysis.     

基于线性多尺度模型的计算机网络数据流量预测

为了解决网络安全监控问题,提出了一种用于预测网络流量的算法.通过多个不同尺度的线性模型进行网络数据的组合预测,每个尺度的线性模型由经过滤波器滤波后的部分原始数据估计得到,最终的预测流量数据由多个尺度线性模型的平均预测值得到.选择的线性模型为自回归滑动平均模型,且尺度较小的线性模型对应自回归滑动平均模型的阶数较高.结果表明,本算法的预测精度高,整体预测误差的均值在10-3量级.