1995年中国化学工业

介绍了１９９５年及“八五”期间中国化学工业在生产的增长、基建与技改、科技进步、对外开放、深化企业改革和强化管理方面取得的成绩；同时指出了存在问题和“九五”时期的建设目标。     

Effect of natural antioxidants in virgin olive oil on oxidative stability of refined,bleached, and deodorized olive oil

The factors influencing the oxidative stability of different commercial olive oils were evaluated. Comparisons were made of (i) the oxidative stability of commercial olive oils with that of a refined, bleached, and deodorized (RBD) olive oil, and (ii) the antioxidant activity of a mixture of phenolic compounds extracted from virgin olive oil with that of pure compounds andα-tocopherol added to RBD olive oil. The progress of oxidation at 60°C was followed by measuring both the formation (peroxide value, PV) and the decomposition (hexanal and volatiles) of hydroperoxides. The trends in antioxidant activity were different according to whether PV or hexanal were measured. Although the virgin olive oils contained higher levels of phenolic compounds than did the refined and RBD oils, their oxidative stability was significantly decreased by their high initial PV. Phenolic compounds extracted from virgin olive oils increased the oxidative stability of RBD olive oil. On the basis of PV, the phenol extract had the best antioxidant activity at 50 ppm, as gallic acid equivalents, but on the basis of hexanal formation, better antioxidant activity was observed at 100 and 200 ppm.α-Tocopherol behaved as a prooxidant at high concentrations (>250 ppm) on the basis of PV, but was more effective than the other antioxidants in inhibiting hexanal formation in RBD olive oil.o-Diphenols (caffeic acid) and, to a lesser extent, substitutedo-diphenols (ferulic and vanillic acids), showed better antioxidant activity than monophenols (p- ando-coumaric), based on both PV and hexanal formation. This study emphasizes the need to measure at least two oxidation parameters to better evaluate antioxidants and the oxidative stability of olive oils. The antioxidant effectiveness of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oils can be significantly diminished in oils if their initial PV are too high.     

超支化聚酯的合成及光固化性能研究

通过甲基四氢苯酐和环氧丙醇的开环聚合反应，一步法制备超支化聚酯，聚酯的数均摩尔质量为1450～2600g／mol，支化度在0．41～0．71之间。用甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯改性，合成了UV固化超支化聚酯，并对其光固化性能进行了初步研究，发现超支化聚酯能有效降低固化膜的线收缩率，聚酯的官能度越高，固化膜的硬度越大，固化速度越快，在约1s的固化时问内凝胶率超过75％。     

Markov随机场与Gaussian曲线在MR图像分割中的应用

针对扫描的人脑组织MR图像边缘分辨率低、模糊性大的特点,本文提出了一种基于模糊Markov随机场和Gaussian曲线相结合的MR图像最佳阈值分割方法。该方法通过对图像的像素邻域属性的统计将模糊论引入其中,建立模糊Markov随机场,并利用Gaussian曲线对二维直方图最佳一维投影进行拟合,确定出图像中各脑组织的二维阈值点,在二维直方图上实现对脑组织的分割。通过实验表明,本算法能够有效提高脑组织的分辨率,对噪声的鲁棒性、结果区域的连通性相对于一维Otsu和二维Otsu算法都有了很大的提高。     

一种基于案例的多准则排序方法

针对带有间接偏好信息的多准则决策问题, 首先利用加性效用函数理论提出一种排序方法, 该方法通过构建一个简单的优化模型, 得到与间接偏好信息相容的各评价值的效用; 然后, 利用线性插值方法计算出剩下方案各评价值的效用, 进而得到所有方案的综合效用及排序; 最后, 通过实例验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.

     

基于颜色矩的图像检索算法研究

为克服基于文字的图像检索技术对大型图像数据库实施困难、描述不完整等弊端,对RGB颜色矩和Munsell颜色矩进行研究,RGB颜色矩只适用于简单图像,Munsell颜色矩无法判断图片具体信息。为此,采用信息融合技术进行检索判断层的融合,选择多颜色空间融合颜色矩,在分析传统融合算法基础上,提出一种改进融合算法NewcombMNZ。实验结果表明,该算法能提高检索精准度和排序值,对噪声具有良好的鲁棒性,且能减少检索性能较差的特征对融合结果的影响,适用于特征数量较少的情况。     

沉淀法白炭黑化学指标与胶料物理性能的关系

分析了沉淀法白炭黑BET，CTAB，Ssears比表面，DBP吸油值，平均粒径与粒径分布对胶料物理性能的影响。得出结论：满足轮胎综合力学性能的沉淀法白炭黑应为低BET比表面积，低BET与CTAB比，高BET与Ssears比，适中的DBP吸油值，中值粒径小且易崩解的产品。     

Dependence of oil stability index of fatty compounds on their structure and concentration and presence of metals

During storage and use, vegetable oil-derived industrial products such as biodiesel and biodegradable lubricants can be subjected to conditions that promote oxidation of their unsaturated components. The materials arising during oxidation and subsequent degradation can seriously impair the quality and performance of such products. Therefore, oxidative stability is a significant issue facing these vegetable oil-derived products, and enhanced understanding of the influence of various components of vegetable oils and storage parameters is necessary. In this work, the oil stability index (OSI) was used for assessing oxidation of monoalkyl esters of FA by varying several parameters. Neat fatty compounds and prepared mixtures thereof were studied for assessing the influence of compound structure and concentration. Small amounts of more highly unsaturated compounds had a disproportionately strong effect on oxidative stability. The recently developed concept of bis-allylic equivalents correlated more closely than the iodine value with the OSI times of mixtures of fatty esters. The OSI times of free acids were shorter than those of the corresponding alkyl esters. The presence of copper, iron, and nickel also reduced oxidative stability, but their effect was less than the presence of more highly unsaturated fatty compounds. Of these metals, copper had the strongest catalytic effect on OSI time. OSI may be an alternative to long-term storage tests for determining the influence of extraneous materials such as metals on oxidative stability.     

基于计划值理论的互联网专线投资管理策略研究

计划值管理是一种有计划、高效率支撑企业生产运营的独特管理模式。借鉴其在钢铁行业成功应用的经验,结合互联网专线业务的特点,将计划值理论引入通信企业互联网专线投资管理工作中,构建科学、合理、灵活的互联网专线计划值管理指标体系。     

运用设计管理模式建立卷烟品牌价值

文章通过阐述设计管理模式的运用及其目标,分析了设计管理与品牌价值之间的相互关系,从提升产品质量,提升品牌的功能价值和附加价值几方面进行了系统研究。提出在当前卷烟品牌竞争形势下,应当将设计管理模式有效地运用到企业的产品设计和品牌战略之中,充分肯定了设计管理作为创新型管理手段在建立卷烟品牌价值方面具有的重要意义。