云南镇源难处理金精矿工艺矿物学研究

利用X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱（XRF）、X射线能谱分析（EDX）和矿物解离分析（MLA）等检测手段对云南镇源难处理金精矿的化学组成、矿物组成、硫化物特征以及金的分布情况进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究。结果显示：该金矿以硫化矿、碳酸盐和硅酸盐类矿物为主,含有3.18%的有机碳和2.37%的无机碳。通过金的诊断浸出发现96.16%的金被硫化物包裹,少量金以单体形式存在。通过对主要载金矿物黄铁矿、辉锑矿和毒砂的粒度、包裹及裸露情况进行分析,得出大部分硫化矿以解离单体的形式存在,少部分与其他矿物共生。根据MLA测试及金的诊断浸出,认为大部分金被硫化矿完全包裹,处理该矿石时应先进行硫化物包裹层的氧化处理,再进行金矿的浸出。     

Code performance with improved two-group interfacial area concentration correlation for one-dimensional forced convective two-phase flow simulation

In gas–liquid two-phase flow simulation for reactor safety analysis, interfacial momentum transfer in two-fluid model plays an important role in predicting void fraction. Depending on flow conditions, a shape of the two-phase interface complicatedly evolves. One of the proposed approaches is to quantify the gas–liquid interface information using interfacial area transport equation. On the other hand, a more simplified and robust approach is to classify bubbles into two-groups based on their transport characteristics and utilize constitutive equations for interfacial area concentration for each group. In this paper, interfacial drag model based on the two-group interfacial area concentration correlations is implemented into system analysis code, and void fractions were calculated for the evaluation of numerical behaviors. The present analysis includes (1) comparison of one-group and two-group relative velocity models, (2) comparison with separate effect test database, (3) uncertainty evaluation of drag coefficient, (4) numerical stability assessment in flow regime transition, and (5) transient analysis for simulating the prototypic condition. Results showed that utilization of interfacial drag force term using constitutive equations of two-group interfacial area concentration yields satisfactory void fraction calculation results. The proposed solution technique is practical and advantageous in view of reducing the computational cost and simplifying the solution scheme.     

膨润土与水相互作用初步研究

为研究膨润土与水作用后对高放废物地质处置安全性产生的影响,将不同蒙脱石含量的临安钠基膨润土和兴和钙基膨润土置于水中长期浸泡3 000 h。结果表明:二种膨润土的膨胀指数皆随着蒙脱石含量的增加而增加,且最大膨胀指数与蒙脱石含量间的对数值呈线性关系;膨胀平衡后上清液中一价阳离子浓度大于二价阳离子的浓度,且随着蒙脱石含量的增加而增加,数据表明Na⁺浓度与膨润土中蒙脱石含量的对数值呈线性关系;上清液烘干后残留物质量随蒙脱石含量增加而增加,XRD图谱表明其中已存在蒙脱石。这些结果可作为进一步开展地质处置中缓冲材料与地下水相互作用的研究基础。     

微结构葡聚糖凝胶浓缩分离蛋白质的性能

采用UV,HPLC等测试方法研究了含微结构的葡聚糖凝胶（BHMs）对蛋白的浓缩分离性能。结果表明：含微结构的葡聚糖凝胶在室温下对牛血清蛋白的浓缩分离效率达95.3%以上,随温度的升高,浓缩分离效率降低,且当温度超过BHMs凝胶的低临界溶液温度(40℃)后,浓缩分离效率发生突变;和普通交联葡聚糖凝胶相比,通过控制流动相的温度,葡聚糖BHMs凝胶可实现对多种不同分子量蛋白的高效分离,提高了分离效率,分离时间由24h缩短至9h。吸水溶胀动力学以及SEM分析表明,BHMs凝胶的溶胀满足指数动力学方程,疏松多孔性结构及由其决定的温度敏感性是BHMs凝胶具备良好浓缩分离性能的原因。     

Dynamic Changes in Reactive Oxygen Species in the Shoot Apex Contribute to Stem Cell Death in Arabidopsis thaliana

In monocarpic plants, stem cells are fated to die. However, the potential mechanism of stem cell death has remained elusive. Here, we reveal that the levels of two forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion free radical (O2·−) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), show dynamic changes in the shoot apex during the plant life cycle of Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that the level of O2·− decreased and disappeared at four weeks after bolting (WAB), while H₂O₂ appeared at 3 WAB and showed a burst at 5 WAB. The timing of dynamic changes in O2·− and H₂O₂ was delayed for approximately three weeks in clv3-2, which has a longer lifespan. Moreover, exogenous application of H₂O₂ inhibited the expression of the stem cell determinant WUSCHEL (WUS) and promoted the expression of the developmentally programmed cell death (dPCD) marker gene ORESARA 1 (ORE1). These results indicate that H₂O₂ triggers an important signal inducing dPCD in stem cells. Given that O2·− plays roles in maintaining WUS expression and stem cell activity, we speculate that the dynamic shift from O2·− to H₂O₂ in the shoot apex results in stem cell death. Our findings provide novel insights for understanding ROS-mediated regulation during plant stem cell death.     

某电厂省煤器泄漏原因分析及处理

某火电厂1025 t/h自然循环锅炉省煤器发生泄漏,为保障冬季供暖,泄漏持续12天后机组停机。为查清泄漏原因并降低同类事故发生概率,现场采用外观质量检查并结合运行、检修情况进行了综合分析判断。结果表明：鳍片焊接不规范,鳍片焊缝可能存在咬边、损伤等缺陷,加之焊缝位置应力集中,缺陷不断扩展,最终导致在熔合线附近母材发生泄漏。泄漏介质吹损对侧省煤器护瓦及管子,导致护瓦脱落、省煤器管子泄漏。就此提出更换受损管子及护瓦,扩大防磨防爆检查范围,总结泄漏规律等消缺处理及预防措施,供发电企业及相关从业人员参考。     

运用神经网络预测炸药爆速

本文计算了30个炸药分子的氧平衡(OB)、装药密度(ρ)、碳原子浓度nC/Vm、氢原子浓度nH/ Vm、氧原子浓度nO/ Vm、氮原子浓度nN/ Vm 6种参数,以这6种参数作为炸药分子结构描述符,构建人工神经网络模型,预测炸药爆速.预测结果表明,预测值和文献值的最大相对误差为5.35%,最小为0.53%,说明神经网络所确定的定量关系可以很好地用来预测炸药爆速.     

高透氧软性角膜接触镜研究进展

基于硅水凝胶材料的高透氧软性角膜接触镜是最新一代的接触镜,可以满足消费者连续配戴的要求,同时可以消除因配戴接触镜引起的缺氧相关症状。硅水凝胶能很好平衡光学性质、透氧性、含水量和机械强度等本体性质。回顾了大量文献和专利,从本体材料角度,综述了高透氧软性接触镜的研究现状。     

氧气管道设计及安装质量控制

通过对氧气管道爆炸原理的分析,讨论如何控制好氧气管道的设计及安装质量,从而确保氧气管道的优生。     

固-液导流筒搅拌槽内流体流动和颗粒悬浮特性

在直径0.8 m的导流筒搅拌槽内,对单相液体的三维速度分布、固-液两相的固体颗粒浓度分布和离底悬浮特性进行了系统的实验研究. 结果表明,导流筒内外的轴向液相速度远大于径向和切向速度,导流筒外壁附近存在一个与主体轴向流动方向相反的二次流区域;搅拌槽底部结构对固体颗粒的临界离底悬浮转速(NJS)有显著的影响,浅锥底的NJS比平底的低14%以上;NJS随固相浓度的增加而增加,但当浓度超过50%时,NJS略有降低;槽内固相浓度分布的均匀性随固相浓度的增加而得到改善. 本研究结果对导流筒搅拌槽的优化设计具有一定的指导意义.