Toughening of vinylester–urethane hybrid resins through functionalized polymers

Liquid nitrile rubber, hyperbranched polyester, and core/shell rubber particles of various functionality, namely, vinyl, carboxyl, and epoxy, were added up to 20 wt % to a bisphenol‐A‐based vinylester–urethane hybrid (VEUH) resin to improve its toughness. The toughness was characterized by the fracture toughness (K_c) and energy (G_c) determined on compact tensile (CT) specimens at ambient temperature. Toughness improvement in VEUH was mostly achieved when the modifiers reacted with the secondary hydroxyl groups of the bismethacryloxy vinyl ester resin and with the isocyanate of the polyisocyanate compound, instead of participating in the free‐radical crosslinking via styrene copolymerization. Thus, incorporation of carboxyl‐terminated liquid nitrile rubber (CTBN) yielded the highest toughness upgrade with at least a 20 wt % modifier content. It was, however, accompanied by a reduction in both the stiffness and glass transition temperature (T_g) of the VEUH resin. Albeit functionalized (epoxy and vinyl, respectively) hyperbranched polymers were less efficient toughness modifiers than was CTBN, they showed no adverse effect on the stiffness and T_g. Use of core/shell modifiers did not result in toughness improvement. The above changes in the toughness response were traced to the morphology assessed by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and fractographic inspection of the fracture surface of broken CT specimens. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 672–680, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10392     

考虑转包的平行机供应链排序

研究一类考虑转包的供应链排序问题, 即工厂从客户处接受一批订单, 这些订单既可以由工厂完成, 也可以通过支付一定费用进行转包. 工厂需要确定被转包的订单集并安排未被转包订单的生产和运输. 针对工厂为平行机生产环境的情况, 以交货期限内完成所有订单的转包成本、生产成本与运输成本之和最小化为目标, 构建了问题的数学模型, 并设计了启发式算法. 最后通过数值实验结果表明了算法的有效性.

     

热压氮化硅在1200℃的高温疲劳损伤

研究了热压氮化硅陶瓷的室温和高温力学性能及在１２００℃的高温疲劳损伤行为，发现材料的弹性模量、抗变强度与断裂韧性均随温度升高而下降，但在１０００℃以上降低最为显著。在１２００℃高温疲劳寿命与应力之间符合单对数线性关系经分析发现这种现象与失效的热激活过程有关。通过对实验数据，ＸＲＤ相结构、变形动力学过程和断口的微观分析证明，陶瓷高温疲劳失效机理为“杂质空穴复合作用机制”。对热压氮化硅来说，失效机理主     

一种并行中英文混合多模式匹配算法

针对中英文混合文本的匹配准确性及大规模数据文本的匹配效率等问题,基于经典的线索化完全哈希特里树算法,提出一种并行化的中英文混合多模式文本匹配算法。采用拆分文本降低多模式匹配算法的串行度,进而在拆分出的小文本上并行地执行文本匹配。通过并行化预处理过程,设计新的存储结构。实验结果表明,该算法在保证结果正确的前提下,执行效率高于经典的串行匹配算法,当数据规模达到226个字符时,可以获得8倍以上的加速比。     

Effect of competitive interference on the biosorption of lead(II) by Chlorella vulgaris

Batch experiments were carried out to asses the effect of Cu(II) and Zn(II) on the biosorption of lead(II) ions by non-living Chlorella vulgaris. The uptake of Pb(II) was examined for single, binary and ternary solutions at different initial concentrations and different pH values. The experimental results showed that the uptake increased with increasing pH from 3.0 to an optimum value of 5.0. The biosorption of Pb(II) was found to be adversely affected by the presence of Cu(II) ions, while Zn(II) ions seemed to have negligible effect on the process. The equilibrium data were fitted to four isotherm models: Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Dubinin–Radushkevich; the Sips isotherm gave the best fit for the data. Modeling of the controlling mechanisms indicated that both intrinsic kinetics and mass transfer played major roles in controlling the process. A new dimensionless parameter, Ψ, was defined to asses the relative contributions of the two mechanisms to the biosorption of lead(II). Mass transfer seemed to be the dominant mechanism at low initial lead(II) concentrations, while intrinsic kinetics dominates at high concentrations.     

基于 Hadoop 的电站数据中心云计算模型磁

针对云计算中的虚拟化、分布式存储与并行编程模型等问题,提出基于云计算的多电站计算平台的体系结构,实现电站数据中心的可靠存储与快速并行处理。详细讨论了传统的电站计算平台在数据存储和数据处理过程中的不足,设计了基于 Hadoop 的电站数据中心云计算平台,并利用 Hadoop 云计算平台对数据检索的效率进行实验比较分析。     

Plastic deformation of ZnO thin films through edge and screw dislocation movements

Columnar wurtzite grains were formed in sputtered ZnO thin films deposited on a plastic polyethylene terephthalate substrate. Selected-area diffraction patterns reveal that the columnar grains in the sputtered films present two preferred growth planes, namely, the basal (0002) and prismatic (100) growth planes. The diffraction patterns obtained also confirm that the microstructure of sputtered indium tin oxide thin films is amorphous in nature. Tensile tests indicate that the fracture strain of the ZnO thin film occurs between 1.73% and 2.14%, while the fracture strain of the indium tin oxide thin film occurs between 0.24% and 0.67%. Thus, the fracture toughness of the sputtered ZnO thin film is greater than that of the sputtered indium tin oxide thin film. High-resolution transmission electron microscopic images demonstrate that edge and screw dislocations could be identified in the sputtered ZnO thin films. Moreover, edge and screw dislocation movements may, respectively, be observed in the basal- and prismatic-oriented ZnO columnar grains of the sputtered ZnO thin films. Our results indicate that movements of the edge and screw dislocations in the basal- and prismatic-oriented ZnO columnar grains account for the plastic deformation of the investigated ZnO thin films under tensile stress.     

改进多种群杂交遗传算法在作业车间调度的研究

通过提出应用最广泛的混合型作业车间的调度问题以及遗传算法的基本原理,并结合生产车间调度问题的特点,对传统单种群遗传算法改进了改进。新遗传算法中加入辅助种群,保证种群的多样性,解决单个种群的遗传算法容易陷入局部收敛而出现早熟的情况。并应用实例对比分析,表明算法在车间调度系统的有效性和合理性。     

Structural characterization of Ti centres in Ti-silicalite and reaction mechanisms in cyclohexanone ammoximation

The main results obtained by means of many physical methods (IR, Raman, UV-Vis and XAFS spectroscopies) concerning the structure of the Ti centre in titanium silicalite and the reaction intermediates in the ammoximation of cyclohexanone are concisely reviewed.

The Ti is in tetrahedral coordination in vacuo and expands its coordination sphere upon interaction with adsorbates. In the presence of H₂O and H₂O/H₂O₂ solutions one of the SiOTi bridges is hydrolyzed with formation of (SiO)₃L₂TiOH (LH₂O) and (SiO)₃L₂TiOOH species, respectively. When NH₃ is dosed on (SiO)₃L₂TiOOH structures (SiO)₃L₂TiOO⁻NH₄⁺ species are formed. These species are thought to play an important role in the ammoximation reaction. The geometries of the peroxidic species (open or bridged) are discussed also on the basis of ab initio calculations.     

Laminar and turbulent mass transfer simulations in a parallel plate reactor

Laminar and turbulent mass transfer in a parallel plate reactor at high Schmidt number obtained from numerical simulation is compared with literature data. In a first step, the fluid flow is determined numerically in the reactor by solving the Navier–Stokes equations. For turbulent flow, a low Reynolds number k— model is used to calculate the turbulent viscosity. Using the obtained flow field and turbulent viscosity, the current density distribution is calculated for different flow velocities by solving the equations describing the transport of multiple ions due to diffusion, convection and migration. For the laminar case, a very good agreement with literature data is obtained. For turbulent flow, different numerical models for turbulent mass transfer are proposed in the literature. A detailed study of the behaviour close to the wall of these different turbulence models is presented, together with a comparison of the calculated results with literature correlations. This allows identification of the benefits and disadvantages of each of the turbulence models for the numerical calculation of mass transfer at high Schmidt numbers in a parallel plate reactor.