LCZ696 Protects against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-Induced Myocardial Inflammation,ER Stress,and Apoptosis through Inhibiting AGEs/NF-κB and PERK/CHOP Signaling Pathways

The present study is designed to determine the effect of LCZ696 on DCM in rats and investigate the underlying mechanism involved. Diabetes was induced by feeding rats with a high-fat diet for six weeks following a single injection of STZ (30 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were divided into three groups (n = 10). LCZ696 and valsartan treatment was started two weeks after diabetic induction and continued for eight weeks. At the end of the treatment, serum and cardiac tissues were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA kits. LCZ696 and valsartan ameliorated DCM progression by inhibiting AGEs formation at activity levels; pro-apoptotic markers (BAX/Bcl2 ratio and caspase-3) in mRNA and protein expressions, the NF-κB at mRNA; and protein levels associated with the restoration of elevated proinflammatory cytokines such as the TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β at the activity level. Furthermore, LCZ696 and valsartan contribute to restoring the induction of ER stress parameters (GRP78, PERK, eIF2a, ATF4, and CHOP) at mRNA and protein levels. LCZ696 and valsartan attenuated DCM by inhibiting the myocardial inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis through AGEs/NF-κB and PERK/CHOP signaling cascades. Collectively, the present results reveal that LCZ696 had a more protective solid effect against DCM than valsartan.     

基于小波包分解的版权保护算法

提出一个基于小波包分解的数字图像版权保护算法.利用小波系数的特征对宿主图像进行预处理,并选择其中具有相似纹理特征的图像子块进行组合构成相应的子图像.基于块处理与像素调制相结合的空频域联合的水印算法,在纹理活动区域采用小波包变换的系数量化方法嵌入水印,不仅保证了在不损失图像质量的条件下大容量鲁棒信息的隐藏,也保证了水印的盲提取,从而有效地增加了鲁棒水印信息的嵌入量及抗攻击能力.实验结果表明该算法较传统方法而言达到了鲁棒性与容量的最佳结合.     

薄壁管高温爆破试验装置研制及应用

为获得燃料组件及燃料相关组件用包壳管的高温爆破性能,研制了薄壁金属管高温爆破试验装置,主要由高压气源单元、试验气氛单元、加热单元、试验台架及测控单元组成。该装置可实现的最高试验温度为1 200 ℃、最高升温速率为10 ℃/s、最大试验压力为100 MPa;可完成压水堆运行工况下的等温高温爆破及模拟事故工况下的瞬态加热高温爆破两种试验。利用该装置完成了316L不锈钢薄壁管的瞬态加热高温爆破试验,获得了600~1 200 ℃、升温速率为5 ℃/s条件下的高温爆破强度（极限环向应力）和周向延伸率数据。试验装置的验证及不锈钢薄壁管的高温爆破试验表明,研制的薄壁金属管高温爆破试验装置满足试验要求,试验灵活方便、控制精度高。     

GaAs结构在单轴加压下的光致发光特性测试

研究了一种GaAs层结构在[110]方向外部单轴应力下基于光致发光(PL)谱的测试方法.层结构的应力由螺旋测微器施加,可以产生平面内的压(拉)应力和应变,大小可以由胡克定律算出.随着应力的增大,观察到了谱峰明显的蓝移.在一系列的加压后,在 1.432 eV,有一个新的峰出现在原有的峰的肩部附近,随着压力增加,两个峰逐渐分开.同时 PL 峰的半峰宽随着应力增加而逐渐加大.最后,本文根据实验结果分析了静水和单轴应力的不同.     

Three Microbial Musketeers of the Seas: Shewanella baltica,Aliivibrio fischeri and Vibrio harveyi,and Their Adaptation to Different Salinity Probed by a Proteomic Approach

Osmotic changes are common challenges for marine microorganisms. Bacteria have developed numerous ways of dealing with this stress, including reprogramming of global cellular processes. However, specific molecular adaptation mechanisms to osmotic stress have mainly been investigated in terrestrial model bacteria. In this work, we aimed to elucidate the basis of adjustment to prolonged salinity challenges at the proteome level in marine bacteria. The objects of our studies were three representatives of bacteria inhabiting various marine environments, Shewanella baltica, Vibrio harveyi and Aliivibrio fischeri. The proteomic studies were performed with bacteria cultivated in increased and decreased salinity, followed by proteolytic digestion of samples which were then subjected to liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. We show that bacteria adjust at all levels of their biological processes, from DNA topology through gene expression regulation and proteasome assembly, to transport and cellular metabolism. The finding that many similar adaptation strategies were observed for both low- and high-salinity conditions is particularly striking. The results show that adaptation to salinity challenge involves the accumulation of DNA-binding proteins and increased polyamine uptake. We hypothesize that their function is to coat and protect the nucleoid to counteract adverse changes in DNA topology due to ionic shifts.     

OCTN1: A Widely Studied but Still Enigmatic Organic Cation Transporter Linked to Human Pathology and Drug Interactions

The Novel Organic Cation Transporter, OCTN1, is the first member of the OCTN subfamily; it belongs to the wider Solute Carrier family SLC22, which counts many members including cation and anion organic transporters. The tertiary structure has not been resolved for any cation organic transporter. The functional role of OCNT1 is still not well assessed despite the many functional studies so far conducted. The lack of a definitive identification of OCTN1 function can be attributed to the different experimental systems and methodologies adopted for studying each of the proposed ligands. Apart from the contradictory data, the international scientific community agrees on a role of OCTN1 in protecting cells and tissues from oxidative and/or inflammatory damage. Moreover, the involvement of this transporter in drug interactions and delivery has been well clarified, even though the exact profile of the transported/interacting molecules is still somehow confusing. Therefore, OCTN1 continues to be a hot topic in terms of its functional role and structure. This review focuses on the most recent advances on OCTN1 in terms of functional aspects, physiological roles, substrate specificity, drug interactions, tissue expression, and relationships with pathology.     

2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊和钨极保护焊焊接件残余应力的中子衍射研究

利用中子衍射法对2219铝合金搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）和钨极保护焊（TIG）焊接件开展了三维残余应力测量,并对残余应力分布规律进行了分析。结果表明：焊接件的纵向残余应力数值较大;FSW焊接件残余应力整体较TIG焊接件的小;FSW和TIG焊接件的残余拉应力最大值分别为101 MPa和174 MPa,FSW焊接件残余拉应力最大值较TIG焊接件的小;FSW残余拉应力最大值处于轴肩边缘,且前进侧峰值大于后退侧峰值;TIG焊接件残余拉应力最大值处于焊缝边缘。通过中子衍射实验获得的焊接件残余应力分布,将可用于焊接工艺的优化与焊接件的寿命预测。     

矿山深部卸压技术研究现状及展望

随着国内外矿山进入深部开采阶段,高应力特征显现,岩爆、冲击地压等地质灾害频发,增加了深部矿产资源开采的难度。卸压技术能够有效解决矿山深部局部高应力集中并防治矿山动力地质灾害,因而受到国内外学者的广泛关注。通过梳理国内外卸压技术研究现状,归纳总结了主要卸压技术（包括水力卸压、钻孔卸压、卸压槽/卸压巷道和爆破卸压等）及常用的研究手段（相似材料模拟和数值模拟）,对比分析了各类卸压技术的优缺点。结合当前金属矿山深部开采的实际需求,提出未来卸压技术理论研究的若干重要方向：（1）深化理论研究,通过经验公式来确定合理的卸压参数,从而指导生产实践;（2）相比其他卸压技术,爆破卸压的应用前景广阔,同时多种卸压方法相结合是未来深部矿山开采的有效措施;（3）数值模拟在卸压技术及参数确定方面的优势显著,未来卸压技术研究应充分了解现场复杂地质条件,结合相似模拟、数值模拟与现场试验,提出一套适用于金属矿山深部开采实际的卸压技术方案。     

冶金动力旋转设备机械强度分析与状态智能监测

以焦化厂导焦除尘风机为例,对于节能改造后调速运行的大型动力旋转设备的疲劳强度进行了计算分析,结果表明,对于承受交变应力的旋转设备,应充分考虑尺寸系数和构件残余应力对所选材料疲劳强度极限值的影响,对其核心部件进行抗疲劳设计和校核工作。同时对激振力与旋转设备固有频率耦合振动的现象作了定性分析和说明。鉴于该类设备对生产工艺和产能实现的重要程度,引入了设备状态智能监测系统,对该系统的架构和功能作了阐述,并确定了下一步的主要研究方向。