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31.
This paper presents a mechanism which infers a user's plans from his/her utterances by directing the inference process towards the more likely interpretations of a speaker's statements among many possible interpretations. Our mechanism uses Bayesian theory of probability to assess the likelihood of an interpretation, and it complements this assessment by taking into consideration two aspects of an interpretation: its coherence and its information content. The coherence of an interpretation is determined by the relationships between the different statements in the discourse. The information content of an interpretation is a measure of how well defined the interpretation is in terms of the actions to be performed on the basis of this interpretation. This measure is used to guide the inference process towards interpretations with higher information content. The information content of an interpretation depends on the specificity and the certainty of the inferences in it, where the certainty of an inference depends on the knowledge on which the inference is based. Our mechanism has been developed for use in task-oriented consultation systems. The particular domain that we have chosen for exploration is that of travel booking. 相似文献
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Gorgievski-Duijvesteijn Marjan J.; Bakker Arnold B.; Schaufeli Wilmar B.; van der Heijden Peter G. M. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,10(3):210
This study of 513 Dutch farmers tested a dynamic equilibrium model of resources (an extension of the conservation of resources theory; S. E. Hobfoll, 1989, 1998, 2001). With structural equation modeling, the advantages of a 3-wave longitudinal design were comprehensively used, such as addressing bidirectional causal effects and within-individual vs. between-individual change. This allowed for a careful analysis of the management function of resources in the stress process. Results showed that well-being had stronger within-person stability than finances. Increased levels of financial problems temporarily increased psychological distress but not self-reported illness. Conversely, farmers with higher stable baselines of psychological distress also had higher baselines of self-reported illness and experienced more negative changes in their financial situation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
35.
Predictive Maintenance can provide an increase in safety, quality and availability in industrial plants. However, the setting up of a Predictive Maintenance Programme is a strategic decision that until now has lacked analysis of questions related to its setting up, management and control. In this paper, an evaluation system is proposed that carries out the decision making in relation to the feasibility of the setting up. The evaluation system uses a combination of tools belonging to operational research such as: Analytic Hierarchy Process, decision rules and Bayesian tools. This system is a help tool available to the managers of Predictive Maintenance Programmes which can both increase the number of Predictive Maintenance Programmes set up and avoid the failure of these programmes. The Evaluation System has been tested in a petrochemical plant and in a food industry. 相似文献
36.
Hyun-Ho Choi Sang-Yoon Lee Il-Yoon Choi Hyo-Nam Cho Sankaran Mahadevan 《Reliability Engineering & System Safety》2006,91(6):674-688
Until now, in many forensic reports, the failure cause assessments are usually carried out by a deterministic approach so far. However, it may be possible for the forensic investigation to lead to unreasonable results far from the real collapse scenario, because the deterministic approach does not systematically take into account any information on the uncertainties involved in the failures of structures.Reliability-based failure cause assessment (reliability-based forensic engineering) methodology is developed which can incorporate the uncertainties involved in structural failures and structures, and to apply them to the collapsed bridge in order to identify the most critical failure scenario and find the cause that triggered the bridge collapse. Moreover, to save the time and cost of evaluation, an algorithm of automated event tree analysis (ETA) is proposed and possible to automatically calculate the failure probabilities of the failure events and the occurrence probabilities of failure scenarios. Also, for reliability analysis, uncertainties are estimated more reasonably by using the Bayesian approach based on the experimental laboratory testing data in the forensic report. For the applicability, the proposed approach is applied to the Hang-ju Grand Bridge, which collapsed during construction, and compared with deterministic approach. 相似文献
37.
Equilibrium constants of pure hydrocarbons in different temperatures and pressures are necessary in most engineering calculations. A general formula has been developed to calculate equilibrium value for a group of hydrocarbons which have the general formula Cn H2n+2 and Cn H2n based on three parameters. This formula is a function of reduced temperature, reduced pressure, and an acentric factor. It is applied within a wide range of temperatures and pressures. As a result this technique is considered to be useful for the predication of K values of pure hydrocarbons depending on its reduced temperature, reduced pressure, and acentric factor. 相似文献
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This paper introduces and evaluates a new class of knowledge model, the recursive Bayesian multinet (RBMN), which encodes the joint probability distribution of a given database. RBMNs extend Bayesian networks (BNs) as well as partitional clustering systems. Briefly, a RBMN is a decision tree with component BNs at the leaves. A RBMN is learnt using a greedy, heuristic approach akin to that used by many supervised decision tree learners, but where BNs are learnt at leaves using constructive induction. A key idea is to treat expected data as real data. This allows us to complete the database and to take advantage of a closed form for the marginal likelihood of the expected complete data that factorizes into separate marginal likelihoods for each family (a node and its parents). Our approach is evaluated on synthetic and real-world databases. 相似文献
40.
V. G. Khoruzhaya K. E. Kornienko P. S. Martsenyuk T. Ya. Velikanova 《Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics》2006,45(5-6):251-258
Methods of differential thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, microstructural analysis and electron probe microanalysis are
used to study alloys of the Al-Rh system over the whole concentration range. It is established that the phase of equiatomic
composition AlRh melts congruently at 2060°C and it has an extended range of homogeneity (45.1–54.2 at.% Rh). The solubility
of aluminum in rhodium reaches 9 at.%, decreasing to 6 at.% at 850°C. Coordinates are determined for the eutectic point l
⇆ AlRh + 〈Rh〉 as 70 at.% Rh and 1715°C. The existence of intermediate phases, their crystal structure, and also the method
of forming phases in the field of composition rich in aluminum given in publications are confirmed.
__________
Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 5–6(449), pp. 48–56, May–June, 2006. 相似文献