钴掺杂氧化锌纳米材料的制备、表征及可见光光催化性能研究

以六水合硝酸锌（Zn（NO3）2·6H2O）,四水合醋酸钴（Co（CH3COO）2·4H2O）,草酸（C2H2O4·2H2O）和氨水（NH3·H2O,25％）为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了钴掺氧化锌纳米材料,并用x射线衍射,紫外一可见吸收光谱,透射电子显微镜以及能量色散型x射线谱（EDS）对其进行了表征。用钨灯作为光源,黄药为降解物,研究了钴掺氧化锌纳米材料的光催化性能,实验结果表明,钴离子掺杂提高了ZnO的光催化活性,当钴离子摩尔掺杂量为5％时,光生电子一空穴的复合得到了有效抑制,从而具有最高的黄药降解效率。     

C掺杂WO_(3-x)的制备及其光解水活性研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了单斜WO3-x及C掺杂WO3-x,采用SEM、XRD、DRS、XPS等对样品进行了表征,考察了样品光解水析氧催化活性。结果表明,C掺杂在一定程度上改变了WO3的晶体结构,并导致晶体缺陷和氧空位增加,使催化剂表面W5+和氧空位含量增加,增强了WO3-x的光吸收性能和电子传输性能。在紫外和可见光照射下,C掺杂WO3-x的光解水析氧速率分别为90.0μmol/(L.g.h)和26.6μmol/(L.g.h),比未掺杂样品提高了91%和52%。     

Synthesis of Cu2PO4OH Hierarchical Superstructures with Photocatalytic Activity in Visible Light

Using a wet‐chemical method and without any surfactants or templates, various 3D hierarchical superstructures of Cu₂PO₄OH were synthesized by simply adjusting the pH. The resulting hierarchical superstructures were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution‐TEM (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. With an increase in pH from 2.5 to 7.0, the morphology of Cu₂PO₄OH varied from microrods to walnut‐shaped microspheres of self‐assembled nanoparticles. A possible mechanism for the formation of the Cu₂PO₄OH hierarchical superstructures was also proposed. The optical properties of the Cu₂PO₄OH hierarchical superstructures were strongly related to their morphologies and the size of the assembled crystallites. We further demonstrated the useful photocatalytic activity of these complex structures in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light irradiation (λ > 410 nm). The best photocatalytic performance was achieved by Cu₂PO₄OH with a walnut‐shaped morphology due to the excellent absorption of visible light as well as a high BET surface area.     

Cu-WO_3/SBA-15合成及光催化降解亚甲基蓝

以正硅酸乙酯为硅源、P123为模板剂,直接合成SBA-15负载的Cu-WO_3催化剂(Cu-WO_3/SBA-15)。通过XRD、XPS、N_2吸附-脱附、UV-Vis DRS、TEM等分析方法对催化剂进行表征。表征结果显示,Cu-WO_3/SBA-15催化剂仍具有SBA-15分子筛的一维六方结构且孔径分布均匀,是典型的介孔材料;催化剂的吸光范围得以拓宽,增强了对可见光的吸收。实验结果表明,光催化降解亚甲基蓝反应遵循一级反应动力学方程,Cu-WO_3/SBA-15催化剂的催化活性明显优于WO_3/SBA-15催化剂;在亚甲基蓝初始质量浓度15 mg/L、pH=11、催化剂用量0.4 g/L条件下,日光照射2 h后降解率可达95.3%。     

铜掺杂纳米 TiO2 的制备及其抗菌性能研究

目的制备铜掺杂纳米二氧化钛抗菌材料,测定其金属溶出率,研究该材料的光催化活性及抗菌性能。方法通过水热合成法制备掺铜二氧化钛(TiO_2Cu)纳米材料,采用催化动力学法测定该材料Cu~(~(2+))溶出率,以亚甲蓝为光催化降解材料测定其光催化活性,以金黄色葡萄球菌为目标物,研究在紫外光和非光条件下TiO_2Cu纳米材料的抗菌性能。结果 TiO_2Cu纳米材料Cu~(2+)溶出率最大值为72.36%,在自然光和紫外灯光照下对亚甲蓝光催化降解率分别为95.06%和85.08%,光照下TiO_2Cu材料质量浓度达到10 mg/m L,与细菌共培养90 min后,抑菌率可达94%。结论采用冷冻干燥法制备的含铜量为0.2%的TiO_2Cu材料具有良好的光催化活性,在暗光和紫外光照下均具有一定的抗菌性能。     

Effect of Tb2O3 additive on structure of anatase and photocatalytic activity of TiO2/（O′＋β′）-Sialon multi-phase ceramics

Effect of rare earth oxide Tb₂O₃ additive on transformation behavior and grain growth of anatase and photocatalytic activity for TiO₂/(O′ +β′)-Sialon multi-phase ceramic was investigated and the mechanism was discussed. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was employed for the analysis of phase composition, grain size and lattice parameters of anatase. Photocatalytic activity of the composites was investigated through its photocatalytic degradation to methylene blue (MB) solution. The results showed that Tb₂O₃ significantly inhibited the transformation process, which displayed an appreciably intensified effect with increasing Tb₂O₃ content. It could be attributed to the coaction of the active and passive influence mechanisms. For Tb³⁺ entering TiO₂ lattice, replacing Ti⁴⁺ accelerated the transformation, whereas the lattice distortion caused by it was unfavorable for the process. On the other hand, the redox reaction between Tb³⁺ and TiO₂ as well as the Tb₂O₃ deposited on the surface of TiO₂ inhibited the transformation. The addition of Tb₂O₃ effectively restrained the grain growth of TiO₂ and the effect became significant with the increase of its content. With the increase of Tb₂O₃ addition, the photocatalytic activity of the catalysts increased and then dropped after reaching the maximum at about 2%. The action mechanism of Tb₂O₃ could be attributed to its optical properties and its effect on phase transformation, grain growth and crystal structure of TiO₂.     

纳米TiO2光催化降解双酚A的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2.以纳米TiO2为光催化剂,研究了在氧气存在条件下对典型内分泌干扰物质双酚A的光催化降解反应.分别讨论了分子氧、不同晶型、不同晶粒尺寸的纳米TiO2以及光照时间对双酚A降解反应的影响.结果表明,以0.2L/min的通氧速度进行光化学反应5h,锐钛矿型TiO2晶粒尺寸在10～20nm时对双酚A的光催化降解效率最好.     

Ag@AgCl/MCM-41纳米材料的制备及光催化性能研究

以原位沉淀-光化学还原法制备了Ag@AgCl/MCM-41复合纳米材料,采用SEM、IR、XRD对其结构进行了表征.分析表明,复合纳米材料中Ag@AgCl为壳-核结构,具有纳米金属表面等离子体共振效应,对可见光的吸收增强.介孔材料MCM-41载体的引入使催化剂分散性、比表面积、吸附性能和重复使用性提高.以亚甲基蓝为目标降解物,考察了其可见光催化活性,结果表明,光照射60min,复合纳米光催化材料对10mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率达98%.     

N掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂的制备与表征

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,氨水为沉淀剂,采用水解-沉淀法制备出了氮掺杂纳米TiO2催化剂(N/TiO2),以XRD、DRS、PL、FTIR、SEM、TEM等手段对所制备的粉体进行了性能表征;并以目光色镝灯为光源,研究了催化剂对光降解甲基橙的活性.XRD结果表明,除了700℃煅烧样品是锐钛矿和金红石晶型共存外,其它N掺杂催化剂主要是锐钛矿晶型.DRS蛄果显示,不同温度煅烧的催化荆在波长低于550nm的可见光区城内都有高的吸光度.先催化结果发现,700℃煅烧制得的N掺杂氧化钛光催化荆表现出最佳的光催化活性,120min内对甲基橙溶液的降解率达到69.7%.     

新型光催化反应器降解土腥素的初步研究

藻类代谢物土腥素是当前太湖周边地区饮用水异味问题的主要诱因之一,目前常规的水处理方法去异味效果较差．经对土腥素降解的国内外研究现状进行概括,对应用光催化氧化法降解该化合物的可行性进行了探讨,开发出一种新型的ＴｉＯ２固定膜光催化反应器．初步实验表明,该方法具有较好的祛味效果