Image segmentation towards new image representation methods

Very low bit-rate video coding has recently become one of the most important areas of image communication and a large variety of applications have already been identified. Since conventional approaches are reaching a saturation point, in terms of coding efficiency, a new generation of video coding techniques, aiming at a deeper “understanding” of the image, is being studied. In this context, image analysis, particularly the identification of objects or regions in images (segmentation), is a very important step. This paper describes a segmentation algorithm based on split and merge. Images are first simplified using mathematical morphology operators, which eliminate perceptually less relevant details. The simplified image is then split according to a quad tree structure and the resulting regions are finally merged in three steps: merge, elimination of small regions and control of the number of regions.     

折线链节点标注技术

针对传统多边形位置关系计算比较烦琐,以及简单多边形的理论难以拓展到一般多边形的问题,提出标注节点状态的方法.通过定义11种位置来描述折线链上每个节点的状态,再采用"线段端点与线段"和"线段端点与邻折线"的标注方法来实现任意折线链的标注,同时利用两线段分割预处理使相交仅发生在端点处,从而使算法更高效;然后给出折线链基本位置关系的节点特征,并且探讨了三维顶点的标注方法.该方法的标注原理简单、方法实用,算法空间和时间复杂度分别为O(n)和O(n2).实验结果表明,该方法对任意形状的折线链都能实现稳定标注;通过搜索节点状态特征可以求解折线链间的相互关系,还可以实现一般折线链的碰撞检测、相交区域计算以及多边形简单化分解等.     

基于计算的工业喷涂机器人基本参数设计方法

设计与确定机器人参数需要在各项性能之间进行折衷,常常是一个耗时的迭代过程。本文提出了一种工业喷涂机器人基本参数确定的一般方法。通过喷涂机器人的设计与开发过程,基于机器人建模方法,归纳出机器人基本参数对各项性能尤其是工作空间特性的影响因素与规律,并在此过程中上分析了其结构参数对机器人工作空间和性能的影响,从而得出了机器人工作空间特性与结构参数之间的内在联系,为工业机器人的设计提供依据。     

预制桥面板 ＵＨＰＣ湿接缝的界面受力性能研究

为确定合理的界面间约束与接触关系,采用ＡＢＡＱＵＳ中3种不同的约束与接触关系基于现有试验试件进行模拟,将数值分析结果与试验结果与进行对比分析。研究表明:采用内聚力模型的有限元模型破坏形态与试验结果较为一致,绑定约束次之,而采用接触摩擦模型的有限元模拟结果与试验差别最大;以试验开裂荷载与极限荷载为分析对象,绑定约束与内聚力模型的数值分析结果与试验吻合较好,而接触摩擦模型的数值分析结果与试验差异较大;与绑定约束模型相比,内聚力模型能够较好地模拟试件界面的损伤。因此,当采用ＡＢＡＱＵＳ进行预制桥面板与ＵＨＰＣ湿接缝的界面受力的有限元分析时,宜采用内聚力模型或绑定约束模型,不宜采用接触摩擦模型。     

强力输送带接头识别算法

针对现有的强力输送带故障实时检测方法存在故障定位困难的问题,以接头为基准参考点,提出了一种基于图像处理技术的强力输送带接头识别算法。该算法根据接头点的特征,把接头点用一个数值表示出来,并根据这个数值,以一种简单的方式区分出上、下接头点;然后根据接头的特征,并通过修改最长公共子序列算法的匹配方式,对接头进行识别。实际应用表明,该算法精度高、速度快,可有效识别强力输送带的接头,满足了强力输送带故障检测中接头定位的要求。     

差分进化算法在模糊多资源约束联合补货模型中的应用

本文用三角模糊数表示不确定的资金约束,用梯形模糊数表示不确定的存储空间约束,构建了模糊规划联合补货模型,目标函数为最小化订货成本、库存持有成本和运输成本,决策变量为基本补充周期和每种产品的补充周期。通过对变异算子与选择操作进行变化,设计了改进的差分进化算法对模型进行求解,并通过实例证实了模型与算法的科学合理性。     

16MnR钢高压除氧器焊接接头裂纹的成因

本文采用电镜，Ｘ射线衍射分析、裂纹扩展速率ｄａ／ｄＮ及门槛值△Ｋｔｈ试验，研究了火力发电厂１６ＭｎＲ钢高压除氧器焊接接头裂纹的形成原因，结果表明，原发裂纹为延迟裂纹，运行工况下，裂纹以应力腐蚀裂纹方式扩展。     

The T Cell Repertoires from Nickel Sensitized Joint Implant Failure Patients

Nickel (Ni²⁺) is one of the most common allergens, affecting around 10–15% of the general population. As the demand for orthopedic implant surgery rises, the number of surgical revisions due to joint implant failure also increases. There is evidence that some patients develop joint failure due to an immune response to a component of the implant, and we have found that Ni²⁺ is an especially important cause. Hence, understanding the mechanisms by which Ni²⁺ allergy induces joint implant failure becomes a critical research question. The structural basis of Ni²⁺ activation of pathogenic T cells is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to characterize Ni²⁺-reactive T cell repertoires derived from the peripheral blood of joint failure patients due to Ni²⁺ sensitization using single-cell sequencing techniques. We stimulated the proliferation of Ni²⁺ -reactive T cells from two implant failure patients in vitro, and sorted them for single-cell VDJ sequencing (10× genomics). We identified 2650 productive V-J spanning pairs. Both TCR α chains and β chains were enriched. TRBV18 usage is the highest in the P7 CD4+ population (18.1%), and TRBV5-1 usage is the highest in the P7 CD8+ population (12.1%). TRBV19 and TRBV20-1 segments are present in a high percentage of both P7 and P9 sequenced T cells. Remarkably, the alpha and beta chain combination of TRAV41-TRBV18 accounts for 13.5% of the CD4+ population of P7 patient. Compared to current Ni specific T cell repertoire studies of contact dermatitis, the Vα and Vβ usages of these joint implant failure patients were different. This could be due to the different availability of self-peptides in these two different tissues. However, TRBV19 (Vβ17) was among frequently used TCR β chains, which are common in previous reports. This implies that some pathogenic T cells could be similar in Ni²⁺ hypersensitivities in skin and joints. The alignment of the TCR CDR3β sequences showed a conserved glutamic acid (Glu) that could potentially interact with Ni²⁺. The study of these Ni²⁺ specific TCRs may shed light on the molecular mechanism of T cell activation by low molecular weight chemical haptens.