超长、超大基坑开挖对邻近地铁结构安全影响的数值模拟分析

为了研究超长、超大基坑开挖对邻近地铁结构安全影响,以西安地铁2号线周边某基坑为工程实例,通过运用数值分析软件,结合场地的水文地质和工程地质条件,建立数值模型,进行施工过程的动态模拟,同时进行现场监测,经对比数值模拟结果及监测数据,表明运用PLAXIS软件能有效的模拟基坑开挖过程中的土体变形。同时工程采用的分段、分块开挖,中心岛顺做,周边预留土台反压、使用旋喷锚索的支护方案,对复杂条件下基坑开挖对邻近地铁结构的变形影响能起到有效的控制作用,可对类似工程的设计优化提供有益的参考及借鉴。     

两种方法提取琉璃苣叶多糖的理化性质 及生理活性

本研究旨在制备两种琉璃苣叶水溶性多糖，进一步探究其结构特征，并评价其降血糖、抗癌和免疫活性。采用纤维素酶辅助提取（BLP-1）和微波辅助提取法（BLP-2）制备琉璃苣叶水溶性多糖，并比较了BLP-1和BLP-2的理化性质，通过分析α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制效果来评价BLP-1和BLP-2的降血糖活性，通过检测HepG2、MX-1和A549细胞的抑制率来评价抗癌活性，通过检测RAW246.7的免疫因子分泌来评价免疫活性。结果表明，BLP-1和BLP-2具有不同的多糖和蛋白质含量。BLP-1和BLP-2由阿拉伯糖（Ara）、半乳糖（Gal）、葡萄糖（Glc）、木糖（Xyl）组成，但摩尔比组成不同，其分子量分别为20.1和22.6KDa。热重分析（TGA）表明BLP-2比BLP-1具有更稳定的结构。这两种多糖具有抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶活性、抑制HepG-2、A549和MX-1癌细胞增殖以及激活巨噬细胞RAW 264.7细胞分泌免疫细胞因子以介导细胞免疫反应的潜力。两种多糖可作为新功能食品和医药产品中的生物活性成分，为进一步研究两种多糖的构效关系提供了理论依据。     

泄水建筑物下游冲刷坑二维数值模拟

对巨亭水电站泄水建筑物下游局部冲刷过程进行了二维数值模拟。采用RNG k-ε湍流模型封闭N-S方程、有限体积法在计算网格上离散求解、VOF方法追踪自由水面;采用C语言编写用户自定义函数,以泥沙起动切应力作为床面泥沙起动判别标准,通过分析比较水流剪切力与泥沙起动切应力大小,用以控制冲刷坑底部边界变化;采用局部重构模型和弹簧光顺模型更新计算区域和网格质量,藉以模拟和追踪局部冲刷坑边界变化。研究表明,模拟结果与实测资料符合良好。在冲刷坑的冲刷过程中,床面剪切应力随着冲刷的进程急剧减小,湍动能随着冲刷的进程减小缓慢;床面剪切应力和湍动能沿程变化均较为剧烈,床面剪切应力沿程先增大后减小,床面湍动能则沿程减小。冲刷坑的纵向平衡形态或床面泥沙起动主要决定于床面剪切应力,床面湍动能对泥沙起动也具有重要影响。     

ALKYD PAINT WASTE CHARACTERIZATION AND DISTILLATION

In the present study the characterization and distillation of alkyd paint waste have been carried out in order to establish the technical viability of organic solvents recovery and to decide upon the best environmental management for the waste stream from a paint spray-booth application in an automotive component factory. The paint is a black primer based on an alkyd resin with toluene and xylene as solvents, black carbon as pigment, fillers, and other minor components.

The paint, paint wastes, and distillation wastes have been characterized by determination of the physicochemical properties of the solid (solvents content and flash point) and determination of ecotoxicity (EC₅₀), total organic carbon (TOC), and metals concentration of the leachates. The highly volatile matter (HVM) content, determined by the weight loss at 200°C, has been used as a parameter to relate with the hazardous wastes regulations based on the characterization parameters EC₅₀, TOC, and flash point.

Distillation experiments have been performed in a simple batch mode with mixtures of paint waste, water, and additives in order to obtain high efficiencies in the recovery of volatile organic compounds and to obtain a final solid with nonhazardous behavior and good manageability qualities. A fractional factorial design (2^3-1) of experiments was carried out in order to study the influence of the distillation variables: water/paint waste ratio (2/1-3/1 (g/g)), temperature (110°-145°C), alkaline additives (Na(OH),CaO, Ca(OH)₂), and amount of other additives (wt.% of bentonite, cement, and Ca(OH)₂) on the solvent recovery, [% VOCs]_Recovery, on the residual volatile organic compounds, [% VOCs]_{Distillation Waste}, and on the total organic content (TOC) of the waste leachates. The present work shows the quantitative results of the alkyd paint waste distillation process under optimum conditions.     

Analysis of the polyethylene glycol glucosides and FA esters thereof by atmospheric-pressure ionization MS

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) glucosides (PEGG) and the PEGG esters of lauric acid were analyzed by atmospheric-pressure ionization MS (API-MS) with electrospray ionization. Straightforward mass characterization of the complex mixtures could be achieved without prior chromatographic separation. The constituents were identified on the basis of quasi-molecular ions. Individual components could be observed as protonated molecular ions [M+H]⁺ and/or as their NH₄ ⁺, Na⁺, or K⁺ adducts in positive ion mode. The mass spectrometric investigation showed that mixtures of PEGG consisted of monoglucoside, diglucoside, polyglucoside, and free PEG. The esterification product is a mixture of two types of nonionic surfactants: PEG-laurates and PEGG-laurates. The reasons for distortion of the quasi-molecular ion intensities and the stabilization of adduct ions were discussed. The rapid and highly sensitive API-MS analysis technique proposed here is well suited for direct characterization of complex mixtures and suitable for development as a routine analytical method.     

某综合楼深基坑信息化施工

开挖深度达 17m的深基坑施工中采用深基坑信息化施工技术进行安全监测。现场监测在确保基坑支护结构及邻近建筑的安全同时根据监测所提供的信息 ,及时组织了基坑抢险 ,保证基坑开挖工作顺利完成。     

改性磁性壳聚糖微球的制备、表征及性能研究

以(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O、NH4Fe(SO4)2.12H2O和壳聚糖为原料,经羟丙基化、胺基化,采用一步包埋法制备了一种新型的多胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球。通过正交实验法确定了磁性微球的最佳制备条件,即搅拌速度1200r/min,壳聚糖用量3.0g,环氧氯丙烷用量2.5mL,乙二胺用量2.5mL。并用IR、TG、XRD和SEM对其结构及形貌进行了表征。结果表明,Fe3O4磁性粒子已包埋了一层胺基化壳聚糖。磁性微球胺基含量为2.302mmol/g;呈较规则的球形,平均粒径为209nm,且具有顺磁性和良好的耐酸性。     

Characterizing image quality of autostereoscopic displays by using the maximum luminance at each viewing position

A metric of the 3D image quality of autostereoscopic displays based on optical measurements is proposed. This metric uses each view's luminance contrast, which is defined as the ratio of maximum luminance at each viewing position to total luminance at that position. Conventional metrics of the autostereoscopic display based on crosstalk, which uses “wanted” and “unwanted” lights. However, in case of the multiple‐views‐type autostereoscopic displays, it is difficult to distinguish exactly which lights are wanted lights and which are unwanted lights. This paper assumes that the wanted light has a maximum luminance at the good stereoscopic viewing position, and the unwanted light also has a maximum luminance at the worst pseudo‐stereoscopic viewing position. By using the maximum luminance that is indexed by view number of the autostereoscopic display, the proposed method enables characterizing stereoscopic viewing conditions without using wanted/unwanted light. A 3D image quality metric called “stereo luminance contrast,” the average of both eyes' contrast, is proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed metric is confirmed by the results of optical measurement analyses of different types of autostereoscopic displays, such as the two‐view, scan‐backlight, multi‐view, and integral.     

Variable temperature13C MAS NMR of KFe2Mn(CO)12 in the solid state and as aCatalyst precursor on a carbon support

Variable temperature¹³C MAS NMR spectra are reported for¹³CO-enriched KFe₂Mn(CO)₁₂ as a solid and also as dispersed clusters on a carbon support. The spectrum of KFe₂Mn(CO)₁₂ at 300 K agrees with the proposed structure for this cluster and shows that the cluster is static. Two bridging carbonyl resonances are clearly resolved and, by comparison with¹³C MAS NMR spectra of Mn₂(CO)₁₀ and Fe₂(CO)₉, all terminal resonances for the cluster can be assigned. When the cluster is supported on carbon, two broad resonances are observed at room temperature which are assignable to KFe₂Mn(CO)₁₂ and a decomposition product, Mn₂(CO)₁₀. The carbonyl ligands in both supported clusters are completely averaged, and KFe₂Mn(CO)₁₂ on the carbon surface demonstrates fluxional behavior similar to that observed for the cluster in solution. For this fluxional process, activation energies of 0.6 kcal/mol and 0.5 kcal/mol are estimated for carbon-supported KFe₂Mn(CO)₁₂ and Mn₂(CO)₁₀, respectively.     

双水解法制备SO4^2-/SnO2·SiO2固体超强酸及其结构表征

用双水解法合成了SO24-/SnO2-SiO2固体超强酸催化剂。采用FTIR、TG-DTA和XRD技术研究了SO24-/SnO2-SiO2的结构,其测试结果表明:SO42-/SnO2-SiO2的结构与其催化活性存在很好的一致性。