Development of an expert system for cold forging of axisymmetric product

This paper deals with an automated computer-aided process planning and die design system by which the designer can determine operation sequences even if they have little experience in process planning and die design for axisymmetric products. An attempt is made to link programs incorporating a number of expert design rules with the process variables obtained by commercial FEM softwares, DEFORM and ANSYS, to form a useful package. The system is composed of four main modules. The process planning and the die design modules consider several factors, such as the complexities of preform geometry, punch and die profiles, specifications of available multi-former, and the availability of standard parts. They can provide a flexible process based on either the reduction in the number of forming sequences by combining the possible two processes in sequence, or the reduction of deviation of the distribution on the level of the required forming loads by controlling the forming ratios. In the die design module optimal design technique and the horizontal split of the die insert were investigated for determining appropriate dimensions of components of the multi-former die set. It is suggested that the proposed method can be beneficial for improving the tool life of the die set in practice.     

直流输电网规划关键技术与展望

新能源的大力发展促使传统能源供给和使用模式发生了根本性变化,大型煤炭、水力、光伏以及风能等多种能源并存发电的新局面,给传统的输电技术带来了巨大的挑战和深刻的变革。以常规直流(基于电网换相换流器(LCC))和柔性直流(基于电压源换流器(VSC))为基础的直流输电网为研究对象,对直流输电网规划的研究动态进行了综述。首先,分析直流输电网的特点与优势,提出并详细阐述直流输电网规划的总体框架;接着,分别从新能源广域并网、多馈入多落点地区直流组网、多电力电子设备协同优化三个方面,提出了直流输电网应用规划的关键技术;最后对张北±500kV柔性直流电网示范工程进行了简要的说明,并展望了未来直流输电网规划研究中需要关注的问题。     

基于知识的装配序列规划方法研究

为了解决装配序列规划的计算机辅助生成问题,对产品的装配CAD模型进行了分析,得到与装配规划相关的几个重要信息,并对其进行知识表示。通过建立产品的装配特征矩阵,确定了装配零、部件在各个方向的自由度。根据从CAD模型中得到的信息和零、部件的自由度信息,制定了产品拆卸序列规划的推理规则和求解算法;按照“可拆即可装”的原则,倒置拆卸序列得到产品的装配序列。以球阀产品为例,详细介绍了本文提出的装配序列规划方法的应用。     

面向复杂曲面的机器人砂带磨抛路径规划及后处理研究

针对机器人砂带磨抛复杂曲面叶片问题,对叶片内外型面和进排气边的磨抛路径规划及后处理技术进行了研究,对复杂曲面叶片的机器人砂带磨抛路径规划的计算效率及加工效率进行了分析,提出了一种将基于等残留高度法的笛卡尔空间计算的磨抛行距转化为参数域空间的磨抛行距的方法,并将机器人砂带磨抛复杂曲面叶片接触轮的中心坐标位置、支撑轴矢量以及轴线矢量数据后处理为机器人的位姿信息,利用机器人砂带磨抛系统装备实验平台对复杂曲面叶片进行了实际的加工实验。研究结果表明:所提出的刀路规划和后处理技术能够有效地解决机器人砂带磨抛复杂曲面叶片的问题,具有加工路径总长短以及路径条数少的特点,计算简单、加工效率高、加工表面质量好。     

钢铁企业先进生产计划和实时生产调度技术的研究

为了解决钢铁企业目前由于缺乏生产计划和调度系统而造成的宏观调控和实时监控等方面存在的问题，在对现有钢铁企业的信息化体系结构和生产管理模式等进行理论研究的基础上，提出了基于MRP II与JIT相结合的特钢行业生产管理模式；采用多层递阶计划和动态实时调度策略，构建面向企业上层管理ERP和下层执行MES系统的集成化解决方案。实现了企业生产计划和调度的整体优化，建立了适合特钢企业经营管理与生产制造一体化的信息系统。     

基于I-DEAS平台的产品装配仿真系统的开发

对于尚处在设计阶段的产品来说,可装配性好坏最直观的效果是在计算机上仿真产品的实际装配过程。为此提出并实现了一种基于I-DEAS平台的装配仿真系统,该系统可有效地对产品的可装配性进行评价,并验证装配工艺规划结果,并在此基础上生动直观地进行产品的预装配,以检测与装配有关的问题而无需实物模型。     

An integrated system for process planning and cost estimation in hole making

The process planning function plays a critical role not only in computer integrated manufacture, but also in the economics of batch manufacturing. This paper describes the development of a generic knowledge-based system for process planning and cost estimation in the hole making process. The main function of the system, besides estimating the cost of production, is to recommend appropriate processes, their sequence and their respective machining conditions in order to obtain the required product specifications. The system has been implemented in a manufacturing organisation. The results obtained have indicated that in addition to cost savings the system also preserves the consistency in planning and cost estimation.     

Hybrid approach to distribution planning reflecting a stochastic supply chain

Today’s business environment is experiencing as a period of expansion and the globalization. Therefore, a distribution plan with low cost and high customer satisfaction in supply chain management (SCM) has been widely investigated. The purpose of this study is to establish optimal distribution planning in the supply chain. In this paper, a hybrid approach involving a genetic algorithm (GA) and simulation is presented to solve this problem. The GA is employed in order to quickly generate feasible distribution sequences. Considering uncertain factors such as queuing, breakdowns and repairing time in the supply chain, the simulation is used to minimize completion time for the distribution plan. The computational results for an example of a simple supply chain are given and discussed to validate the proposed approach. We obtained a more realistic distribution plan with optimal completion time by performing the iterative hybrid GA simulation procedure which reflects the stochastic nature of supply chains.     

基于单件小批企业的制造执行系统研究及优化

作为连接企业上层生产计划管理系统和底层设备控制系统之间接口的制造执行系统,是当前管理信息系统研究和开发的热点与难点。本文探讨了适用于单件小批量生产的重型机械制造企业的制造执行系统的结构框架,详细地描述了其各个功能模块的作用,并给出了实现系统优化调度的遗传算法的问题编码、遗传操作和评价函数以及算法的整个过程。按照这种框架所构建的制造执行系统,能够实现生产作业计划的实时调度以及生产过程的实时控制。     

计及碳交易成本的多能源站综合能源系统规划

冷、热、电等能源行业分开规划、独立运行的传统模式制约着电力系统综合能效的提高。为推行碳排放交易政策,改变传统单一经济目标主导的规划模式,将碳交易与综合能源系统规划相结合,提出一种计及碳交易成本的多能源站综合能源系统规划方法。首先,建立了包含碳排放量计算、碳排放初始配额和碳交易成本的数学模型。其次,在分析综合能源系统投资运行成本计算模型的基础上,以碳交易成本和系统投资运行成本最小为目标,计及电、冷、热多种能源约束和热网损耗约束,构建综合考虑经济性及低碳性的规划模型。算例仿真结果表明,地理距离较近的多能源站通过热网可实现热能互供互济,且在综合能源系统规划中计及碳交易成本能有效降低系统碳排放,提高系统整体能效,具有可观的经济效益。