湖北省高技术产业发展与产业升级的关联分析

从规模、利润、行业构成和技术创新能力4个方面,分析了湖北省高技术产业的现状,运用灰色关联模型,计算出湖北省高技术产业发展与产业升级之间的灰色关联系数,在系统分析湖北省高技术产业发展与产业升级之间的关联效应的基础上,提出了湖北省产业升级的相关建议。     

水平井开发效果影响因素研究——以大庆外围油藏为例

通过统计大庆外围特低丰度薄层油藏14个区块、90口水平井、245口直井的地质、油藏工程及生产历史资料数据,利用多因素综合分类分析法,系统分析水平井开发效果与各种地质及工程因素之间的关系。研究表明,地质影响因素主要为砂体类型、注采连通关系及油水同层发育程度,开发调整措施的适应性是影响水平井生产效果的主要因素。     

五氯酚在厌氧生物体系中的降解及反馈作用

为探讨厌氧系统降解五氯酚(PCP)能力及PCP对厌氧系统的毒性影响,采用UASB反应器进行了PCP模拟污水连续流试验,考察了不同PCP浓度及负荷条件下系统对PCP和COD的降解去除规律,揭示了PCP对系统产酸相和产甲烷相影响状况.结果表明,在进水PCP含量从无到开始加入、PCP浓度提高以及PCP负荷提高3个冲击变化阶段,厌氧系统对PCP和COD的去除率均表现出先迅速降低后缓慢升高的变化趋势,运行稳定后PCP和COD的去除率分别达91.2%和83.5%以上.PCP对厌氧系统中微生物种群产生影响,使系统产酸菌由丁酸型菌群为主逐渐演替为丙酸型菌群为主,PCP对系统产甲烷菌活性产生明显抑制,甲烷产量由PCP加入前的12.1L/d降低至加入后的2.5L/d.     

空间晶体生长流体效应的实验研究和理论分析

在空间晶体生长实时观察装置上，利用溶液中形成的铌酸钾微晶作示踪粒子，首次在空间高温氧化物熔液内，实时观察和记录了空间表面和力对流效应。利用测量的结果计算了熔体内空间表面张力对流的速度场，并与地面表面张力对流的速度场进行了对比，理论计算与实验结果基本吻合。探讨了空间均匀分布铌酸钾微晶的形成机理。结果表明：表面张务对流在空间晶体生长过程中起主要作用，是形成均匀分布胞状晶体的主要机理。     

Specific features of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate subjected to γ radiation

Results of studying thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) samples in the original form and after irradiation by γ-quanta of ⁶⁰Co by methods of differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic thermogravimetry with heating rates b = 0.1–0.3 K/sec are described. Irradiation is performed in air at a temperature of 298 ± 2 K and a dose rate of ≈0.2 Gy/sec in the range of absorbed doses D = 0–150 kGy. Preliminary irradiation is demonstrated to lead to substantial transformations of the pattern of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate in the dynamic regime of heating: the single-stage process of decomposition of non-irradiated samples proceeding at b = 0.107 K/sec in the temperature range of 625 to 743 K is replaced by a multistage process. At D = 150 kGy, exothermal transformations accompanied by noticeable losses of sample mass are observed starting from 473 K. Within experimental errors, the total thermal effect of AP decomposition is found to be independent of the absorbed dose and amounts to −1150 kJ/kg on the average. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 69–74, November–December, 2007.     

Decreasing trends in total suspended solids and cumulative effects of nonpoint source projects in the Cuyahoga River Watershed,OH

Using the US EPA’s Grants Reporting and Tracking System (GRTS), we test if completion of best management practices (BMPs) through the Clean Water Act Section (4)319 National Nonpoint Source Program was associated with a decreasing trend in total suspended solids (TSS) load (metric tons/year). The study area chosen had 21 completed projects in the Cuyahoga River watershed in northeastern Ohio from 2000 to 2018. The 4319 projects ranged from dam removal, floodplain/wetland restoration to stormwater projects. There was an overall decreasing trend in TSS loads. We identified three phases of project implementation and completion, where phase 1 had ongoing projects, but none completed (2000–2004). The steepest decrease in loads, identified as phase 2 (2005–2011), was associated with completion of low-head dam modification and removal projects on the mainstem of the Cuyahoga River. A likely decreasing trend was associated with projects completed in the tributaries, such as natural channel design restoration and stormwater green infrastructure (phase 3). Pairing sediment reduction estimates from projects with the river’s flow normalized TSS loading trend, we estimated that the 4319 effort may account for a small fraction of the TSS load reduction. Other stream restoration projects (non-4319) have also been done in the Cuyahoga watershed by other organizations. However, trying to compile these other projects is challenging in larger watersheds having multiple municipalities, agencies, and nonprofits doing restoration without better coordinated record keeping and monitoring. While a decreasing trend in a pollutant load is a desirable water quality outcome, determining what contributed to that trend remains difficult.     

冷弯薄壁受压C形截面局部屈曲荷载和承载力

为研究板组效应对冷弯薄壁受压C形截面局部屈曲荷载和承载力的影响,对组成其截面各板件局部屈曲时的变形协调情况进行理论分析,提出考虑该效应的腹板局部屈曲计算模型,基于能量法和静力平衡条件推导了冷弯薄壁受压C形截面局部屈曲荷载的解析解,并分别与有限条法和中国规范GB 50018—2002规定的方法进行对比.将所推导的解析解引入直接强度法,对21根冷弯薄壁C形受压短柱试验的承载力进行计算,并分别与承载力试验结果和按GB 50018—2002规定方法计算的承载力进行对比分析.结果表明:在屈曲荷载方面,本文推导的解析解合理可靠,而按中国规范规定的方法则存在系统误差,当截面高宽比小于4.5时,其结果偏于保守,当截面高宽比大于4.5时,其结果偏于不安全;在承载力方面,按本文方法计算的承载力与试验结果较为接近,合理可靠,而按中国规范规定方法计算的承载力较保守,并且随着截面宽高比的增大,保守趋势不断增大.     

稀薄效应下空气静压主轴动态特性分析及试验研究

针对微尺度下空气静压主轴的动态特性问题,建立了体现稀薄效应的主轴有限元模型,对主轴的模态、谐响应进行了研究。首先,基于有限元法对主轴进行建模,轴承部分采用Combin14弹簧单元建模。接着,通过扰动法得出稀薄效应下以及传统情况下轴承的刚度、阻尼参数,将此参数替代主轴模态分析中采用的弹簧单元的刚度、阻尼参数,结合主轴实际工作状态,进而分析出两种情况下的主轴的模态结果。然后,对主轴进行谐响应分析,校核之前模态分析结果。最后,对主轴进行锤击模态试验,从而检验两种状态下的模态分析结果。实验结果表明：稀薄效应下分析所得主轴1阶固有频率值较试验测量值的误差只有3.6%左右,而传统情况下得出的1阶频率值的误差在15%左右,这对主轴系统以后的优化设计和精度控制方面具有一定的理论依据。     

重力不同引起的载人月球车操纵差异分析

为分析月球与地球重力差异对驾驶员所带来的操纵影响,推导了载人月球车操纵动力学方程.基于径向基神经网络和间接逆模型的训练方法,建立以行驶轨迹为输入、驾驶员操纵转角为输出的载人月球车操纵动力学逆系统.采用两种不同类型的间接对比形式,包括地球重力条件下重复月面行驶的轨迹路线和月球重力条件下重复地面行驶的轨迹路线.将正弦函数和斜坡阶越函数作为驾驶员操纵输入,获得月球或地球重力条件下的行驶轨迹,并利用逆系统求解得到不同重力条件下行驶相同轨迹时驾驶员的操纵转角.结果表明,驾驶员在月球重力条件下需要做出更大的操纵转向角度、更快的操纵转向速度、更高的操纵转向变换频率,并且在月球重力条件下更不容易重复地球重力条件下的相同行驶轨迹.这说明载人月球车在月球重力条件下的操纵性能较差.     

重庆市农民收入与工业化的区域差异及阈值效应研究

为了能更准确地把握区域工业化发展给农民收入带来的影响,综合运用计量经济学方法研究了重庆市农民收入与工业化之间的非线性关系。结果发现：重庆市农民收入水平存在连片集聚现象,区域间工业化发展极不平衡,且二者之间不存在长期均衡的协整关系,工业化水平的提高并不能带来农民收入的长期持续增长。工业化对农民收入的影响具有双面阈值效应,在不同工业化阶段,对农民收入的影响弹性先快速增加后逐渐减弱;在不同区域,工业化的影响呈现出倒“U”和“U”两种类型。