Thermal diffusivity of fluids in a broad region around the critical point

Dynamic light scattering is a suitable method for the investigation of transport properties such as the thermal diffusivity of optically transparent fluids. The main advantages of the method are its quickness, the fact of the thermodynamic state of equilibrium of the sample (gradients are not required), and the relatively simple evaluation of data without the necessity of calibration. However, an insufficient production of intensity of scattered light may be a limiting effect. For that reason the vicinity of the gas-liquid critical point represents the classical range of application. In this paper, it is shown that by means of an appropriate choice of experimental apparatus, measurements are also feasible in an extended range of states. Broad regions around critical points of three pure fluids (sulfur hexafluoride, SF₆; ethane, C₂H₆; nitrous oxide, N₂O) over temperature ranges ¦T-T _c¦ of 0.02 to 50 K and density ranges (/_c) of 0.2 to 2 were investigated. In this region the thermal diffusivity shows great variations with temperature and density and cannot be described by means of ideal-gas behavior or relations for liquids. The measurements were carried out along the coexistence curve for both phases, along the critical isochore and along some isotherms with TT _c. The measured or calculated density, pressure, and thermal diffusivity data as well as some correlations are presented.     

氯化聚氯乙烯(PVC-C)管道加工影响因素与质量浅析

本文通过设备、模具、材料配方、加工工艺温度、冷却水温、定径真空压力、摩擦热控制,挤出操作等方面的因素,分析了影响氯化聚氯乙烯(PVC-C)管道生产质量的主要影响因素和预防控制措施。     

Hesperidin Promotes Osteogenesis and Modulates Collagen Matrix Organization and Mineralization In Vitro and In Vivo

This study evaluated the direct effect of a phytochemical, hesperidin, on pre-osteoblast cell function as well as osteogenesis and collagen matrix quality, as there is little known about hesperidin’s influence in mineralized tissue formation and regeneration. Hesperidin was added to a culture of MC3T3-E1 cells at various concentrations. Cell proliferation, viability, osteogenic gene expression and deposited collagen matrix analyses were performed. Treatment with hesperidin showed significant upregulation of osteogenic markers, particularly with lower doses. Mature and compact collagen fibrils in hesperidin-treated cultures were observed by picrosirius red staining (PSR), although a thinner matrix layer was present for the higher dose of hesperidin compared to osteogenic media alone. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated a better mineral-to-matrix ratio and matrix distribution in cultures exposed to hesperidin and confirmed less collagen deposited with the 100-µM dose of hesperidin. In vivo, hesperidin combined with a suboptimal dose of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) (dose unable to promote healing of a rat mandible critical-sized bone defect) in a collagenous scaffold promoted a well-controlled (not ectopic) pattern of bone formation as compared to a large dose of BMP2 (previously defined as optimal in healing the critical-sized defect, although of ectopic nature). PSR staining of newly formed bone demonstrated that hesperidin can promote maturation of bone organic matrix. Our findings show, for the first time, that hesperidin has a modulatory role in mineralized tissue formation via not only osteoblast cell differentiation but also matrix organization and matrix-to-mineral ratio and could be a potential adjunct in regenerative bone therapies.     

一种面向弱纹理图像的特征点描述子

现有的大多数特征点提取算法适用于处理纹理丰富的图像,而对于弱纹理图像则无法提取有效的特征点. 对此,提出了多邻域结构张量特征(MNSTF)算法. 基于一系列固定的邻域和图像结构张量,通过表达局部图像的结构和纹理信息,解决了弱纹理和无纹理场景下特征点提取和匹配等相关问题;同时,通过计算邻域之间的相对方向,实现了MNSTF算法特征描述子的旋转不变性. 实验结果表明,MNSTF算法在经过旋转的弱纹理图像测试集上的特征点匹配准确率达到了99.9%以上,验证了其良好的适用性、旋转不变性和鲁棒性.     

基于无人机倾斜摄影的嘉兴老城区住宅识别

为了应对老城区房屋数据信息不足、获取不便的问题,提出利用无人机（UAV）倾斜摄影测量技术实现老城区住宅自动识别的方法. 根据老城区典型多层住宅的外立面特征,确定出阳台构造、立面朝向和房屋长宽比3个参数控制的住宅判别标准. 通过无人机摄影测量获取嘉兴研究区的密集匹配点云、数字正射影像（DOM）和数字表面模型（DSM）数据. 融合DOM及DSM数据提取单体建筑轮廓,分割出单体房屋点云. 基于RANSAC算法提取房屋立面点云并确定立面朝向,根据立面的点云空间分布判断立面长度及阳台构造. 试验表明,在研究区应用该方法识别典型住宅的准确率可以达到90%.     

γ—TiAl增压涡轮熔模铸造过程数值模拟研究

根据熔模型壳离心浇注的铸造工艺特点，建立了γ－TiAl增压涡轮凝固传热过程的数值模型，推导了离心压力下γ－TiAl金属间化合物的凝固收缩和补缩过程数学模型，模拟计算了γ－TiAl增压涡轮铸件的温度场和收缩缺陷，结果表明，模型能可靠计算γ－TiAl增压涡轮铸件凝固过程的温度分布和准确预测铸件的收缩缺陷，数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合良好，数值模拟结果证实了前期工作所提出的进一步减少及消除收缩缺陷的优化工艺措施的合理性。     

柴油机铸铝活塞碎裂失效分析

通过对失效件整体形貌、断口、内部质量及显微组织的全面检验和试验分析 ,确定工件内部存在严重的质量问题 ,铸造冷裂纹、大型疏松孔洞和未经变质处理的缺陷组织 ,是导致构件在服役时早期失效碎裂的主要原因。     

图像序列中的自动点目标空时快速检测*

提出了一种新的序列图像中点状运动目标空时快速检测方法,该方法假设经过背景杂波抑制预处理后图像已转换为类SPGWN(信号加高斯白噪声)模型.自动目标检测时图像序列被划分为多组检测单元,每单元包含两帧相邻的图像.根据目标速度限制条件,采用在单元内以及两相邻单元间沿轨迹集成像素灰度的检测算法.在付出同等运算量的代价下,克服了二维投影检测性能较差的弱点,同时也具备可检测多速率目标的优点.理论分析和仿真试验表明了该检测方法的有效性.     

基于智能卡的短消息端到端的安全通信机制*

提出了一种基于SIM卡的端到端短消息加密通信的机制.该机制利用智能卡的数据加密能力与主动式命令等特性,巧妙地在其上实现了短消息的编辑、加密和发送,很好地满足了那些对敏感数据传输的安全要求;同时对于移动网络和手机终端都没有特别要求,通过OTA技术可以很方便地下载到用户SIM卡中,易于在现有的移动网络中实施.     

基于扰动观察法的光伏电池最大功率跟踪控制

本研究提出了基于扰动观察法的最大功率点跟踪方法。该控制方法以光伏电池的数学模型为基础,检测太阳能发电输出功率的变化,根据检测结果,调整光伏电池的相关参数,以达到最大功率点跟踪的目的。通过Matlab/Simulink仿真,结果表明提出的改进算法能有效提高光伏发电系统的发电效率。