多定位技术融合的位置感知中间件

无论是普适计算还是物联网,定位都是其关键技术之一,为了解决现有的定位技术多面向某一特定应用开发、缺乏通用性等问题,构建了一个通用的实时位置感知中间件UbiRTLM.将应用服务从位置感知技术中分离出来,可以不需要更改原有的应用及服务而动态扩展新的定位技术.通过实验验证了UbiRTLM的定位精度及相关功能.结果表明:UbiRTLM能够满足大多数应用的精度需书并能处理相应的服务请求.     

一种融合多种定位精度改进策略的实时定位中间件

无论是普适计算还是物联网,实时定位均是其关键技术之一。在建筑物、洞室等复杂环境中,由于无线信号的不规则衰减、非视距传播,使得常用的一些定位算法(如接收信号强度、到达角度等)无法达到较高的定位精度。为了解决复杂环境中定位精度不足的问题,设计并实现了一个定位精度改进中间件。它集成了平滑、传感器融合、卡尔曼滤波、粒子滤波等多种精度改进策略,可以根据用户对定位精度的需求动态地选择相应的策略。通过实验分析了不同精度改进策略的性能,结果表明,该中间件能够较好地满足用户对不同精度的需求。     

无线光电定位网络的设计

为满足非接触化、小型化、集成化、数字化、智能化等现代检测技术的发展要求,从成本、工作原理、灵敏度等方面综合考虑,现采用以光电定位模块为核心的光电定位技术,以无线传感器网络作为数据传输与管理的技术手段,构建了无线光电定位网络,并进行了实验分析.可实现多点实时监测、异地显示测量数据、数据网络化管理等特殊需求;涵盖了多学科领...     

A hybrid positioning system for technology‐independent location‐aware computing

Location‐aware computing is a form of context‐aware mobile computing that refers to the ability of providing users with services that depend on their position. Locating the user terminal, often called positioning, is essential in this form of computing. Towards this aim, several technologies exist, ranging from personal area networking, to indoor, outdoor, and up to geographic area systems. Developers of location‐aware software applications have to face with a number of design choices, that typically depend on the chosen technology. This work addresses the problem of easing the development of pull location‐aware applications, by allowing uniform access to multiple heterogeneous positioning systems. Towards this aim, the paper proposes an approach to structure location‐aware mobile computing systems in a way independent of positioning technologies. The approach consists in structuring the system into a layered architecture, that provides application developers with a standard Java Application Programming Interface (JSR‐179 API), and encapsulates location data management and technology‐specific positioning subsystems into lower layers with clear interfaces. In order to demonstrate the proposed approach we present the development of HyLocSys. It is an open hybrid software architecture designed to support indoor/outdoor applications, which allows the uniform (combined or separate) use of several positioning technologies. HyLocSys uses a hybrid data model, which allows the integration of different location information representations (using symbolic and geometric coordinates). Moreover, it allows support to handset‐ and infrastructure‐based positioning approaches while respecting the privacy of the user. The paper presents a prototypal implementation of HyLocSys for heterogeneous scenarios. It has been implemented and tested on several platforms and mobile devices. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

桥式起重机精准定位在线轨迹规划方法设计及应用

针对工业桥式起重机的异步电机难以准确跟踪给定轨迹,从而导致离线轨迹规划算法定位误差很大的问题,论文提出一种基于相平面分析的在线轨迹规划算法.这种方法利用激光测距仪采集位置信息,在起重机运行过程中,根据台车与目标位置的距离来优化轨迹不同阶段的运行时间,并实时调整台车轨迹的有关参数,以实现台车精准定位的目标.实验结果表明,这种方法可以很好地兼顾负载快速消摆与台车准确定位两方面的要求,有利于提升桥式起重机的运送效率.论文将这种在线轨迹规划方法成功应用于标准32 t工业桥式起重机,并取得了良好的运行效果.     

DV-Hop定位算法误差分析与优化

传感器节点在森林、水下等复杂环境下进行数据采集时,由于信号强度与信号传输速度受到障碍物或传输介质的干扰,影响了基于信号信息的定位算法的测量精度. 同时考虑到节点的成本和节点的动态性,DV-Hop定位算法有较强的适用性和实用性. 分析了影响DV-Hop算法定位精度的因素,并在此基础上提出了一个度量节点离散程度的公式,给出了一个该算法的优化方案,仿真表明优化后的算法有更高的定位精度.     

基于目标轮廓几何特征的电容元件定位方法

随着印刷电路板(PCB)生产工艺愈加复杂,电容元件的定位识别难度也随之增加。在实际生产中,为了节约成本、减少出错率,需要在焊接之前对电路板进行检测,同时为了固定电路板上元器件,一般会使用压板固定电路板。针对此种情况,提出一种复杂背景下被遮盖电容元件的定位方法,通过对采集到的PCB图像进行预处理、阈值分割、边缘提取和Harris角点检测等操作,进而根据电容元件目标轮廓的几何特征对元件进行定位。该方法已经在实践中得到应用,定位准确率高、速度快,能广泛应用于实际生产中。     

基于RFID的监狱犯人智能定位管理系统设计

监狱是国家的重要组成部分,由于地位特殊,对于其安防系统设计具有很高的要求。基于RFID的监狱犯人智能定位管理系统可以实现对犯人的实时和准确的定位,它具备人数清点、人员行程监控和安全预警等功能,能有效提高监狱的安全防护水平。     

Rational method for 3D manufacturing tolerancing synthesis based on the TTRS approach “R3DMTSyn”

During the production of new part in an industrial environment, it results in a high percentage of scrap if manufacturing planning is not carried out properly. One of the major factors responsible for this phenomenon is tolerance synthesis. In this paper, we deal with tolerance synthesis, and especially tolerance type identified after transfer. An algorithmic Rational method for 3D Manufacturing Tolerancing Synthesis (R3DMTSyn), which is based on the use of the Technologically and Topologically Related Surface (TTRS) rules, is developed. The TTRS concept helps to generate only the necessary manufacturing specification needed to guarantee the respect of the functional specification studied.The manufacturing project is modeled by a graphical representation called the SPIDER GRAPH. With the SPIDER GRAPH, all active surfaces can be detected (machined and positioning surfaces), so it is possible to identify the location of the functional surfaces used in each functional specification. The construction or the determination of the tolerancing torsor, belonging to each active surface, contributes to the selection of the adequate case of associations. A semantic study is already done to identify all possible combinations or associations needed to locate surfaces during each phases.Finally, referring to the developed TTRS_Cars_Process and in every phase, one or more manufacturing specifications are generated until finishing the treatment of all surfaces (surface belonging to the functional condition, or intermediate surfaces).     

基于MS5534C的差分气压测高在室内定位中的应用

采用基于MEMS技术的数字压力传感器MS5534C和AVR单片机设计并实现了气压测高模块,单片机和传感器MS5534C之间通过三线同步串行接口实现通信.结合CAPS系统中差分气压测高方法,运用于基于移动通信网的接收信号强度指示( RSSI)室内定位系统中,提高用户测点绝对高度的测量精度,并通过单片机的控制在LCD上显示...