毛细滴管数滴微型滴定法测定几种果蔬中V_C含量

以自制的液滴体积为0.01～0.02 mL的聚乙烯毛细滴管对果蔬中V_c的含量进行数滴分析,其主要仪器外形小巧、便于携带,滴定快速、准确,试剂消耗量约为常量法的1/20,滴定剂用量约为30～150滴,V_c含量不确定度U_(rel)(C)为0.56%,与常量法相当,相对标准偏差比常量法略小。该法克服了常量法中滴定管、移液管、铁架台和蝴蝶夹等仪器携带不便的不足,适用于水果、蔬菜、饮料等维生素含量的快速分析。     

响应面优化南极磷虾蛋白酶解工艺及蛋白肽组分分析

以南极磷虾蛋白酶解液中的氨基氮含量为指标,采用甲醛电位滴定法测定胰蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶6种生物酶在其最适酶解条件下对南极磷虾蛋白酶解效果,筛选出酶解南极磷虾蛋白最佳生物酶。在单因素试验基础上,以酶解液中氨基氮含量为响应值,选择酶解温度、时间、pH为自变量,通过三因素三水平Box-Bohnken响应面分析法对筛选出来的生物酶解工艺进行优化。在优化酶解工艺的基础上,利用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳方法分析南极磷虾酶解蛋白肽及南极磷虾蛋白的分子量分布范围。结果表明:胰蛋白酶为酶解南极磷虾蛋白的理想蛋白酶;响应面分析法建立二次多项回归方程:Y=51.07-0.83A+1.72B-2.06C+0.25AC+1.15BC-3.06A2-2.77B2-3.69C2,模型p0.0001,而失拟项p0.05,表明模型极显著且比较稳定,通过模型分析得最佳条件:酶解温度44.48℃、酶解时间8.52 h、pH 7.88,考虑实际应用可行性,我们在酶解温度45.0℃、酶解时间8.5 h,pH 7.9条件下实验得到的氨基氮含量为50.96±1.07mg/g,与理论预测值51.57mg/g基本一致。通过电泳分析得到南极磷虾蛋白分子量范围在15 ku以上,主要集中分子量范围为15 ku～45 ku;胰蛋白酶解多肽分子量在25 ku以下,主要分子量分布在5 ku以下。     

酿造酱油中氨基氮含量测定的新方法

讨论了用两点电位滴定法测定酱油中氨基氮含量的新方法 ,本法只需在滴定终点前附近记录两次NaOH标准溶液体积和相应的 pH值 ,利用两点法公式计算滴定终点 ,从而确定氨基氮含量 ,并对方法的可行性及准确度做了分析。     

植物油过氧化值检测方法的研究

本文采用国家标准检验方法,对菜籽油、茶籽油、大豆油、花生油、调和油、玉米油中过氧化值进行测定,研究不同方法对过氧化值检测的影响。结果表明:过氧化值高的植物油采用滴定法检测,测定结果稳定,误差小。过氧化值低的植物油采用电位滴定法,滴定结果误差满足标准要求,滴定速度快,结果准确、误差小。     

壳聚糖、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和淀粉按枝共聚物的助滤增强作用研究

壳聚糖(CS)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)和可溶性淀粉以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,接枝共聚生成三元聚合物,对其在造纸中的应用进行了研究.主要讨论了产物的粘度和表面电荷对助滤和增强效果的影响,并利用胶体滴定法对共聚物和纤维悬浮液的表面电荷进行测定,确定助剂的适当添加范围.最佳的一个助剂样品反应体系pH3.97,反应温度95℃,反应时间2.5h,粘度478mPa·s,表面电荷0.88 3mmol/g.当合成样品的用量为0.6%时,能使裂断长提高16.68%,撕裂指数提高35.4%,耐破指数提高12.92%.     

食用植物油酸价测定用滴定溶液的改进

根据GB/T 5009.37—2003《食用植物油卫生标准的分析方法》中的食用植物油酸价测定方法,结合实际测定过程中出现的现象,对氢氧化钾标准滴定溶液的选用进行了探讨。实验结果表明:针对不同酸价的食用植物油,选用适宜浓度的氢氧化钾标准乙醇溶液,其测定结果更准确。     

两点电位滴定法测定染料亚甲基蓝含量

将两点电位滴定法应用于亚甲基蓝等含可电离氯离子碱性染料的测定。本法只需在滴定终点附近记录两次AgNO3，标准溶液体积和相应的电极电位值，利用两点法公式计算滴定终点，从而确定亚甲基蓝含量，方法简便、灵敏、准确。     

Complex coacervation of β-lactoglobulin – κ-Carrageenan aqueous mixtures as affected by polysaccharide sonication

The influence of κ-carrageenan (KC) depolymerization using ultrasound on its interaction with β-lactoglobulin (BLG) was investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), turbidity measurement, dynamic light scattering and zeta-potential analyses. Time and amplitude of the sonication had a direct effect on the viscosity depression, while the sonication temperature had an opposite effect. ITC measurements indicated that the sonication significantly decreased the affinity constant between KC and BLG. The zeta-potential of the nanoparticles produced from ultrasonicated (US) KC–BLG associative interaction was lower than of those produced from intact (IN) KC–BLG interaction. These differences were attributed to the lower charge density of the KC (US) as a result of sonochemical interactions. Polydispersity and particle size measurements showed that the effect of the sonication was the homogenisation of the nanoparticles in the mixed dispersion. The nanoparticles formed may therefore be useful as a delivery system for fortification purposes of acidic beverages.     

Complexes between linoleate and native or aggregated β-lactoglobulin: Interaction parameters and in vitro cytotoxic effect

The dairy protein β-lactoglobulin (βlg) is known to form a complex with fatty acids (FA). Due to industrial processing, βlg is often in its non-native form in food products, which can modify the FA/βlg complex properties. We investigated the interaction of bovine βlg, in selected structural forms (native βlg, a covalent dimer and as nanoparticles), with linoleate (C18:2). Using fluorescence and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry, linoleate was found to bind βlg at two different binding sites. Regardless of the structural state of βlg, association constants remained in the same order of magnitude. However, the stoichiometry increased up to 6-fold for nanoparticles, compared to that of native βlg. The impact of these structural changes on linoleate uptake in vitro was measured by cytotoxicity assays on Caco-2 cells. The order of cytotoxicity of linoleate was as follows: free > complexed to dimers > complexed to nanoparticles > complexed to native βlg. Therefore, the in vitro cytotoxicity of linoleate could be modulated by altering the state of βlg aggregation, which in turn affects its binding capacity to the FA.     

增强剂YQ1210在瓦楞纸板回用过程中的应用及其电荷分析

运用正交实验对增强剂YQ1210在瓦楞纸板回用过程中的增强效果进行了初步研究.研究结果表明,当YQ1210用量为0.5%,温度55℃,反应时间120min,pH值为5时,增强效果最佳.同时,利用胶体滴定法分析了添加不同用量YQ1210时纸料的电荷特性,结果表明,当YQ1210用量为0.5%时,纸料呈现较弱的阴离子性,接近电中性,絮聚作用明显.