Goal conflicts, attainment of new goals, and well-being among managers.

Researchers widely understand that conflicts among goals inhibit the attainment of these goals. However, this notion comes close to tautological reasoning. To avert this problem, this study examined whether preexisting goal conflict also inhibits success in newly set goals. Using the context of management training, in which managers collectively set new goals, the study variables were assessed at 3 testing periods covering 5 months. Results indicate that goal conflicts that persevere over time were associated with inhibited attainment of new goals but not with decreased subjective well-being (SWB). Goal attainment, however, was positively related to SWB. Interactions of residual changes in goal conflict and goal attainment were associated with positive affect. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The role of line managers in creating and maintaining healthy work environments on project construction sites

The focus of this article is healthy work environments in project-based construction work, and particularly a sub-element of the work environment, the food environment. Although it is well accepted that stressful work environments negatively impact on organisational and individual health indices and project construction produces some of the most severe work environments in the modern industrial landscape, the role of line managers in creating these environments is largely unknown. Healthy work environments are explored in this article because they contribute to the development of many ‘behavioral’ diseases such as Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, both of which are known problems amongst construction workers. Qualitative data were collected from eighty project-based construction workers and mangers on six large civil engineering construction projects in Brisbane, Australia. Unanimous views were expressed by all interviewees that managers should not and do not influence food choices on-site. However, results also revealed clear examples of managers making decisions about food environments, work and time pressures and permitted and discouraged behaviours on-site that impact on food choices. These findings indicate limited awareness of healthy work environments in construction with the impact of management actions being largely unrecognised and unintended. It suggests with more informed management decision-making, eating habits in construction are likely to improve.     

强烈动压巷道支护技术探讨

针对强烈动压巷道支护问题,采用理论分析与现场试验相结合的方法,分析研究了受动压影响煤柱内支承压力分布特征及其内部巷道围岩变形特征,通过对实验点的生产地质条件调查和地质力学测试和评估,发现在煤柱内掘进巷道会造成巷道围岩塑性区加大,顶板和巷道两帮出现大量的离层和裂隙,煤体胶结程度差,完整性低,巷道在掘进期间有害变形量较大,影响巷道整体支护效果,容易出现冒顶片帮等事故。提出采用强力锚杆支护系统配合高强度托板和金属网的方式进行支护。以王台铺煤矿15号煤XV13102副巷为例,介绍了强力锚杆支护系统的方案设计、现场试验和矿压监测。研究结果表明,强力锚杆支护系统改善了巷道受力状态,提高了支护系统的承载能力和完整性,达到了预期支护效果,保证了巷道的正常使用。     

行业因素与现金股利政策的相关性研究

现金股利政策作为上市公司一项重要的财务决策,历来受到财务金融界的广泛关注。运用Logit回归和Tobit回归方法,系统地探讨了行业因素对现金股利支付意愿和支付水平的影响。行业前期的股利支付水平和行业竞争程度对上市公司的现金股利政策产生显著的正向影响;现金股利政策与行业的股利需求偏好无关;行业的平均市盈率对现金股利支付意愿产生显著的负向影响。同一行业中管理层的羊群行为相对于投资者的股利需求偏好能够更好地解释我国上市公司的股利分配政策。     

Research perspective: Korea

The Korea Institute of Construction Technology was founded only four years ago; its President, now a member of the CIB Board, here gives a factual outline of its aims and organisation. A wide range of subjects are the concern of seven research departments, but the total staff is comparatively small at 134; of these some three‐quarters are research staff. With the establishment of the main research facilities, the total budget has been reduced from a peak in 1985, and for this year amounts to the equivalent of 2.6 million US dollars.     

Dual processing and organizational justice: The role of rational versus experiential processing in third-party reactions to workplace mistreatment.

The moral perspective of justice proposes that when confronted by another person's mistreatment, third parties can experience a deontic response, that is, an evolutionary-based emotional reaction that motivates them to engage in retribution toward the transgressor. In this article, we tested whether the third party's deontic reaction is less strong when a rational (vs. experiential) processing frame is primed. Further, we tested whether third parties high (vs. low) in moral identity are more resistant to the effects of processing frames. Results from a sample of 185 French managers revealed that following an injustice, managers primed to use rational processing reported lower retribution tendencies compared with managers primed to use experiential processing. Third parties high in moral identity, however, were less affected by the framing; they reported a high retribution response regardless of processing frame. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

施工企业项目经理责权利效探讨

从管理学角度对施工企业项目经理的责、权、利、效四个方面进行了系统的阐述,旨在进一步明确项目经理在项目运行过程中的权责,提高项目经理在项目运行中的积极性和能动性,促进企业高效、准时、低耗地为业主提供产品和服务,取得好的经济效益和社会效益,推进企业持续发展。     

试论国有企业中的经营者问题

在国有企业的改革中，必须解决经营者问题。而传统的代理理论在国有企业的应用中，存在独有的“败德风险”，即委托人和代理人合谋侵吞国有资产的可能。从委托人问题出发，提出了解决国有企业经营者问题的一些看法。     

提高中小企业员工素质途径的研究

人力资源是企业资源中最重要的资源。提高企业职工队伍的素质，有助于企业摆脱目前的经营困境。笔者通过分析经营管理者、专业技术人员和普通职工在中小企业中的不同地位和作用，分别提出了提高其自身素质的途径和方法。     

江汉油建公司做好人才管理工作的实践与思考

石油企业要做好人才管理工作,必须树立科学的人才观念、创新人才选拔机制、优化人才成长环境。在树立科学人才观念方面坚持三个观点:即辩证的观点、全面的观点、发展的观点。在创新人才选拔机制方面坚持两条腿走路:一是内部培养;二是外部招聘,并将“内培外聘”结合起来,坚持因事择人、公开平等、用人所长原则。在优化人才成长环境方面,做到四点:1、政治上给予关心;2、工作上重在激励;3、待遇上重点倾斜;4、使用上严格要求。