海东地区原状黄土动剪切模量与阻尼比试验研究

使用英国GDS双向动态三轴试验系统对青海省海东地区原状黄土进行动力特性试验研究。试验结果表明:动应变ε_d 1%时,动剪切模量随动应变的增加急剧减小;动应变ε_d1%时,动剪切模量随动应变的增加减小缓慢,后期基本趋于稳定。动剪切模量随固结围压、固结应力比、加载频率的增大而增大,且增大幅值随应变的增大呈现减小的趋势。在动应变ε_d 0.5%时,阻尼比随动应变的增加迅速增大;在动应变ε_d0.5%时,阻尼比随动应变的增加缓慢增大;在较小动应变时,固结围压、固结应力比、加载频率对阻尼比无明显的影响,随着动应变的增大,阻尼比随围压、加载频率的增大而减小,随固结应力比的增大而增大。     

Minimum void ratio characteristic of soils containing non-plastic fines

The minimum void ratio is an index widely used to indicate the contraction characteristics and the densest state of soils. The minimum void ratio obtained by the traditional test method has been utilized to represent the density of soils irrespective of their fines content despite the restriction (FC ≤ 5%). By considering the effect of the blow count, pore water, and their primary properties, the applicability of the minimum void ratio to soils containing fines was examined with an automatic tapping machine. It was confirmed that the blow count of the traditional method is not sufficient for soils with a high fines content. Furthermore, the presence of pore water had a significant effect on the minimum void ratio of soils containing fines. The characteristics of the cyclic minimum void ratio, which indicates the minimum void ratio obtained throughout the repetition of liquefaction and drainage, were also examined.     

Performance and emission characteristics of direct injection diesel engine using linseed oil as biodiesel by varying injection timing

The depletion of fossil fuels and increasing demand leads to research in alternate fuels. The alternate fuels are bio-degradable, renewable and non-toxic. Many types of oils are re-used in biodiesel production, considering their availability, among which linseed oil is the most significant one. Injection timing plays a major role among various injection parameters which affects its performance and emission characteristics. This paper focuses on experimental investigation on a single cylinder, four-stroke direct injection diesel engine with output of 5.2?kW at 1500?rpm at various injection timings, 20, 23, 26 degree BTDC for observing the performance and emission characteristics of direct injection diesel engine using methyl esters of linseed oil and its blends. The blends are B10, B20, and fuel characteristics are observed. The results show that when compared with diesel it gives an increase in BTHE and reduction in SFC. Both the biodiesel blends give lesser NOx. Slightly higher CO and HC emission were found. The performance and emissions were increased in when injection increased.     

多层多跨钢筋混凝土平面框架拟静力倒塌试验研究#br#

建筑结构的破坏具有离散性和系统性的特点,该特性决定结构抗地震倒塌的研究需多参数、多层次考虑问题。文章结合结构地震倒塌破坏模式的研究,完成了三榀钢筋混凝土平面框架的低周反复荷载试验,通过对模型框架破坏过程、破坏形态、滞回耗能及刚度退化的分析,探讨轴压比和梁柱线刚度比对RC框架结构抗震性能的影响,以期为后续结构地震倒塌破坏机理的研究提供参考。分析结果表明：降低结构的竖向荷载和梁柱线刚度比,有利于梁端塑性铰的充分发育,从而更易实现理想的“梁铰”破坏机制;试验框架的最终破坏是由底层柱下端塑性铰充分发育后、混凝土突然压溃所致,底层构件的耗能能力得到充分发挥,而中间层构件和顶层构件所耗散的能量较少;KJ-2的峰值荷载及极限荷载比KJ-1的峰值荷载及极限荷载分别大约9.9%和8.7%、等效黏滞阻尼系数比KJ-1大约16.5%,但位移延性系数比KJ-1小约57.1%,说明增大结构的竖向荷载可以提高其承载能力及耗能能力,但会降低延性及变形能力,同时,一定程度地增大竖向荷载,有利于强化结构的初始抗侧刚度,延缓刚度退化趋势,但在层间位移角较大情况下P-Δ效应的影响凸显;结构梁柱线刚度比的增大可以提高其耗能能力,但会降低结构的承载能力、延性及初始抗侧刚度;对于轴压比及梁柱线刚度比较小的“梁铰”结构,临近倒塌时的层间位移角可达1/25,此时结构仍具有一定的竖向承载能力。     

升温机制对膨胀型防火涂层隔热性能的影响

对水溶性(W型)和溶剂型(S型)这2种膨胀型钢结构防火涂层在ISO 834标准火及3条非标准火升温曲线下的隔热性能进行了试验研究,其中3条非标准火曲线的升温速率及最高温度均低于标准火.试验结束后对不同升温机制下防火涂层的膨胀倍率和膨胀层的泡孔结构进行定性对比分析,并根据隔热性能试验中温度的测量结果计算防火涂层的等效导热系数,用以对不同升温机制下防火涂层的隔热性能进行定量分析.分析结果表明:升温速率影响膨胀-固化阶段气体的逸出率,进而对防火涂层的膨胀倍率产生影响;升温速率不同,发泡剂分解释放气体的时间与熔融态涂层黏滞性的匹配度不同,炭层的泡孔尺寸不同;膨胀倍率越大,泡孔尺寸越小,炭层的隔热性能越好;与标准火下防火涂层的等效导热系数相比,非标准火下防火涂层的等效导热系数均有不同程度的提高,最大差异为65%(W型)和35%(S型);用标准火下膨胀型防火涂层隔热性能的检测结果来指导非标准火(火场温度和升温速率均比标准火低)下防火涂层的设计将导致不安全的结果.     

Q345NQR2铁路用高强度钢板的开发

通过低碳及微合金化学成分设计,研究了始冷温度对低屈强比铁路用Q345NQR2钢组织和性能的影响。结果表明,在相同终轧温度下,随着始冷温度的降低,钢板的屈服强度降低,抗拉强度变化不大。实验钢的组织为铁素体+珠光体,组织内珠光体与铁素体微区维氏显微硬度差不小于14HV时,钢板的屈强比不大于0.73,-40 ℃冲击功大于90 J,满足了铁路车辆用钢的性能要求。     

A methodology to determine the elastic properties of anisotropic rocks from a single uniaxial compression test

This paper introduces a new methodology to measure the elastic constants of transversely isotropic rocks from a single uniaxial compression test. We first give the mathematical proof that a uniaxial compression test provides only four independent strain equations. As a result, the exact determination of all five independent elastic constants from only one test is not possible. An approximate determination of the Young's moduli and the Poisson's ratios is however practical and efficient when adding the Saint–Venant relation as the fifth equation. Explicit formulae are then developed to calculate both secant and tangent definitions of the five elastic constants from a minimum of four strain measurements. The results of this new methodology applied on three granitic samples demonstrate a significant stress-induced nonlinear behavior, where the tangent moduli increase by a factor of three to four when the rock is loaded up to 20 MPa. The static elastic constants obtained from the uniaxial compression test are also found to be significantly smaller than the dynamic ones obtained from the ultrasonic measurements.     

孔隙比与红土物理力学参数的相关性

红土中的孔隙会影响其物理力学性质 ,孔隙比对其含水能力、可塑性、紧密程度有较大影响 ,孔隙比与含水量、比重、液塑限、压缩系数、凝聚力等指标呈线性正相关关系 ,与干密度、湿容重呈线性负相关关系 ,对含水状态、颗粒相互错动能力以及孔隙连通情况的直接影响较小     

双曲柄行星齿轮传动比的优化分配

在分析双曲柄式渐开线少齿差行星齿轮传动的基本结构、传动原理和传动比计算公式的基础上，以传动装置体积最小为目标函数，建立起其第一级外啮合齿轮传动及第二级少齿差齿轮传动的传动比最优分配数学模型。用优化设计方法确定了各级齿轮的基本参数，解决了该型传动设计中的一大主要问题。     

大峪口磷选矿厂磨矿分级流程的评述

在大峪口磷选矿厂试生产调试中，针对两段磨矿球磨机的“欠磨”吐矿现象，提出了通过分析计算球磨机的最佳装球量及球的配比，调整分级水力旋流器工作参数，使磨矿分级系统达到发设计生产能力。