The discovery of biomarkers for type 2 diabetic nephropathy by serum proteome analysis

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious kidney complication of diabetes, and constitutes the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The earliest clinical evidence of DN is microalbuminuria, a term which refers to the appearance of small but abnormal amounts of albumin in the urine. However, screening methods for DN, such as biomarker assays, are yet to be developed for type 2 DN. In the present study, in an attempt to identify the biomarkers for initial diagnoses of type 2 DN, the protein profiles of human sera collected from 30 microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients were compared with those collected from 30 normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients, via 2-DE. As a result, a total of 18 spots were determined to have different protein levels in the microalbuminuric patients. Twelve spots had lower protein levels of approximately 50%, and the other six had higher levels of approximately 100-300% as compared to the spots of normoalbuminuric patients. These spots were identified with ESI-Q-TOF (ESI-quadrupole-TOF) MS. Among the identified proteins, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) were verified by Western blotting. The results of this study indicate that the DBP may be employed as diagnostic and monitoring biomarkers of type 2 DN, contingent on further study into the matter.     

Texture analysis of poly-adenylated mRNA staining following global brain ischemia and reperfusion

Texture analysis provides a means to quantify complex changes in microscope images. We previously showed that cytoplasmic poly-adenylated mRNAs form mRNA granules in post-ischemic neurons and that these granules correlated with protein synthesis inhibition and hence cell death. Here we utilized the texture analysis software MaZda to quantify mRNA granules in photomicrographs of the pyramidal cell layer of rat hippocampal region CA3 around 1 h of reperfusion after 10 min of normothermic global cerebral ischemia. At 1 h reperfusion, we observed variations in the texture of mRNA granules amongst samples that were readily quantified by texture analysis. Individual sample variation was consistent with the interpretation that animal-to-animal variations in mRNA granules reflected the time-course of mRNA granule formation. We also used texture analysis to quantify the effect of cycloheximide, given either before or after brain ischemia, on mRNA granules. If administered before ischemia, cycloheximide inhibited mRNA granule formation, but if administered after ischemia did not prevent mRNA granulation, indicating mRNA granule formation is dependent on dissociation of polysomes. We conclude that texture analysis is an effective means for quantifying the complex morphological changes induced in neurons by brain ischemia and reperfusion.     

馈电网络子结构三端口散射参数测量方法研究

从多模馈电网络子结构的特性出发,对可能获取子结构三端口散射参数的方法进行了分析、比较,在现有二端口矢量网络分析仪的基础上,考虑了端口的阻抗匹配,对馈电网络子结构的三端口散射参数测量进行了实验研究,并应用混合模式散射参数验证了测量方法的准确性,为整个多模馈电网络的设计和优化提供有力的支持。     

串联质谱谱库搜索鉴定技术综述

介绍蛋白质质谱鉴定领域的串联质谱谱库搜索技术,分析谱库搜索技术的基本原理,从多个角度阐述当前主流的谱库搜索方法,并对其优缺点进行比较,针对目前蛋白质质谱鉴定技术所存在的优缺点,设计其改进思路,论述目前谱库搜索技术所面临的问题以及未来的研究趋势。     

酵母蛋白网络的功能模块与关键蛋白研究

蛋白交互网络在各种细胞功能和生命过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。对它的结构特征进行分析吸引了众多科研人员的关注,功能模块与关键蛋白的识别是其中的重要研究主题。本文主要使用模拟退火算法分析了酵母蛋白交互网络的功能模块,同时结合使用多种中心化指标识别了其中的关键蛋白,并讨论了这些功能模块和关键蛋白的生物学意义。     

等离子喷涂Ni-Cr-B-Si/Al2O3-TiO2金属陶瓷工艺参数的优化

通过正交试验方案分析了等离子喷涂主要工艺参数, 即等离子弧电流、等离子弧电压、送粉率、喷涂距离, 对NiCrBSi/Al2O3-TiO2涂层的显微硬度及孔隙度的影响, 结合用光学显微镜对涂层显微形貌的观察和分析, 得出的最佳工艺参数为电流I=600A, 电压U=55V, 送粉率F=15g/min, 喷涂距离S=10cm; 并且表明, 采用适当的喷涂距离、较大的等离子弧电流和电压、较低的送粉率, 可以提高涂层的显微硬度并降低其孔隙度.     

邯钢优化燃料粒级的分析及实践

分析了燃料粒度对烧结生产的作用及其影响燃料粒级优化的3种主要因素;并结合生产实践,提出了改进措施.措施实施后,燃料成品粒级波动减小,燃料消耗降低,烧结矿质量提高.     

选矿厂的DH+网络自动监控与管理系统

结合工程实例,采用DH 网络技术、PLC控制技术及工业自动化组态软件技术实现了选矿厂自动监控和管理系统。系统实现了给矿自动控制、磨矿生产过程自动控制和对整个生产的自动监控与管理,对提高生产效率和产品质量起到了重要作用。指出DH 网络系统的合理配置可优化系统结构、降低成本,防干扰措施的合理实施是保证系统稳定运行的重要环节。     

基于Z曲线的SARS冠状病毒特征的研究

刺突（Spike）蛋白是SARS（Severe Acute Respiratory Syndmme）冠状病毒表面最重要的膜蛋白，它通过与被感染细胞的受体结合来作为感染的媒介。受此启发，该文利用Z曲线方法，对S蛋白及SARS受体序列进行探究，捕捉到一种SARS病毒的可视化特征。大量序列比对的结果证明该特征是SARS病毒所特有的。将这种特征图谱应用到SARS病毒的检测中，可以提供一种非标准的、简单、直观的检验方法，能够诊断一些利用标准方法难以判断的SARS病例。由此可见，Z曲线作为一种基因序列的几何学研究途径是一种有效的研究方法。     

利用奇异值分解最小二乘法(SVDLS)解析蛋白质的现场光谱电化学圆二色(CD)谱

圆二色谱仪是研究蛋白质二级结构的有力工具，能在远紫外区测出蛋白质的二级结构的各种构象。通常的蛋白质二级结构有α-螺旋、β-折叠、反β-折叠、β-转角及无规则卷曲五种构象，实际观测到的CD谱是这几种二级结构构象CD谱的线性加和。本文利用了奇异值分解最小二乘算法(SVDLS)，并编译相关程序解析现场外加电压电解条件下的蛋白质溶液的CD谱，得到几种二级结构构象的组分分布。所得结果与文献报道上的其他方法如SELCON3等相比较，证明是一种快速和有效的方法。