Improving antioxidant properties and probiotic effect of clementine juice inoculated with Lactobacillus salivarius spp. salivarius (CECT 4063) by trehalose addition and/or sublethal homogenisation

This study evaluates the effect of trehalose addition (10% or 20%, w/w) and/or sublethal homogenisation (25–150 MPa) on antioxidants content (vitamin C, total phenols and flavonoids) and activity (measured both by ABTS-TEAC and DPPH assays), as well as on microbial counts and survival to in vitro digestion of clementine juice inoculated with Lactobacillus salivarius spp. salivarius. Particle size, vacuum impregnation parameters and anti-Helicobacter pylori effect were also measured. Incubation with the probiotic improved the antioxidant properties of the juice. Homogenisation pressures below 100 MPa following incubation increased both the probiotic counts in the juice and its antioxidants bioaccesibility. Adding 10% (w/w) of trehalose to the juice was effective in preventing these bioactive compounds deterioration under adverse conditions. Once homogenised, liquids containing 10% (w/w) of trehalose became as able as those without trehalose to enter a food solid matrix. Inhibition of Helicobacter pylori growth was evident in all probiotic beverages.     

Structural Insights into New Bi(III) Coordination Polymers with Pyridine-2,3-Dicarboxylic Acid: Photoluminescence Properties and Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity

Two novel coordination polymers, [Bi₂(2,3pydc)₂(2,3pydcH)₂(H₂O)]_n (1) and {(Et₃NH)₂[Bi(2,3pydc)(2,3pydcH)Cl₂]}_n (2) were prepared using as a prolinker pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (2,3pydcH₂). The obtained complexes were fully characterized by elemental analysis, TG/DTG, FT-IR, solid-state photoluminescence, DFT calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The obtained complexes crystallized in the triclinic P-1 space group (1) and comprise dimeric units with two crystallographically different Bi(III) centers (polyhedra: distorted pentagonal bipyramid and bicapped trigonal prism) and monoclinic P2₁/c space group (2) with a distorted monocapped pentagonal bipyramid of Bi(III) center. The various coordination modes of bridging carboxylate ligands are responsible for the formation of 1D chains with 4,5C10 (1) and 2C1 (2) topology. The photoluminescence quantum yield for polymer 2 is 8.36%, which makes it a good candidate for more specific studies towards Bi-based fluorescent materials. Moreover, it was detected that polymer 1 is more than twice as active against H. pylori as polymer 2. It can be concluded that there is an existing relationship between the structure and the antibacterial activity because the presence of chloride and triethylammonium ions in the structure of complex 2 reduces the antibacterial activity.     

Myricetin as an Antivirulence Compound Interfering with a Morphological Transformation into Coccoid Forms and Potentiating Activity of Antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori, a gastric pathogen associated with a broad range of stomach diseases, has a high tendency to become resistant to antibiotics. One of the most important factors related to therapeutic failures is its ability to change from a spiral to a coccoid form. Therefore, the main aim of our original article was to determine the influence of myricetin, a natural compound with an antivirulence action, on the morphological transformation of H. pylori and check the potential of myricetin to increase the activity of antibiotics against this pathogen. We observed that sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of this compound have the ability to slow down the process of transformation into coccoid forms and reduce biofilm formation of this bacterium. Using checkerboard assays, we noticed that the exposure of H. pylori to sub-MICs of myricetin enabled a 4–16-fold reduction in MICs of all classically used antibiotics (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, and levofloxacin). Additionally, RT-qPCR studies of genes related to the H. pylori morphogenesis showed a decrease in their expression during exposure to myricetin. This inhibitory effect was more strongly seen for genes involved in the muropeptide monomers shortening (csd3, csd6, csd4, and amiA), suggesting their significant participation in the spiral-to-coccoid transition. To our knowledge, this is the first research showing the ability of any compound to synergistically interact with all five antibiotics against H. pylori and the first one showing the capacity of a natural substance to interfere with the morphological transition of H. pylori from spiral to coccoid forms.     

Effect of VirD4 on gastric epithelial-1 cells and its mechanism

The gene of Helicobacter pylori can encode three to four type IV secretory systems, of which a new gene region has been found in the H. pylori plasticity region. The coding products of this region can form a new T4SS named tfs3, but its function is unclear. This study investigated the effect of VirD4 recombinant protein in the tfs3 secretory system of the H. pylori clinical strain SBK on GES-1 cells. We observed changes in cell morphology after VirD4 treatment. Further analysis indicated that VirD4 increased inflammation by increasing the activation of NF-κB. VirD4 can also inhibited proliferation, and induced migration of cells. Moreover, VirD4 caused apoptosis in GES-1 cells in caspase and ERK1/2/Ras dependent signaling events. Our study laid a foundation for further research on the biological function of VirD4 and the detection and treatment of H. pylori-related diseases.     

临床药学服务对幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡患者用药依从性及治疗效果的影响分析

目的: 评价临床药学服务对幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori）阳性消化性溃疡患者用药依从性及治疗效果的影响。方法: 前瞻性纳入2015年7月-2016年6月我院消化内科门诊H.pylori阳性消化性溃疡患者96名，随机分为对照组和干预组，对照组予常规门诊服务，干预组予用药教育及随访。分别于根除H.pylori治疗前后对患者用药依从性、胃肠道症状进行评分，抗酸治疗结束至少4周后14C尿素呼气试验复查H.pylori根除率。结果: 临床药学服务干预组患者用药依从性评分显著高于对照组（3.73 vs. 2.58,P<0.01），提高程度具有显著性差异（1.71 vs. 0.44，P<0.01），干预组患者的完全服药率为81.25%，对照组为60.42%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；干预组胃肠道症状改善44人，对照组36人（91.67% vs. 75.00%，P<0.05）；HP根除率干预组显著高于对照组（91.67% vs. 72.92%，P<0.05）。结论: 临床药学服务能显著提高门诊消化性溃疡患者根除H.pylori治疗的用药依从性和H.pylori根除率，并改善患者胃肠道症状。     

Genetics of Host Protection against Helicobacter pylori Infections

This narrative review discusses the genetics of protection against Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. After a brief overview of the importance of studying infectious disease genes, we provide a detailed account of the properties of Hp, with a view to those relevant for our topic. Hp displays a very high level of genetic diversity, detectable even between single colonies from the same patient. The high genetic diversity of Hp can be evaded by stratifying patients according to the infecting Hp strain. This approach enhances the power and replication of the study. Scanning for single nucleotide polymorphisms is generally not successful since genes rarely work alone. We suggest selecting genes to study from among members of the same family, which are therefore inclined to cooperate. Further, extending the analysis to the metabolism would significantly enhance the power of the study. This combined approach displays the protective role of MyD88, TIRAP, and IL1RL1 against Hp infection. Finally, several studies in humans have demonstrated that the blood T cell levels are under the genetic control of the CD39⁺ T regulatory cells (T_REGS).     

幽门螺杆菌hp1188基因的克隆及高效表达

目的克隆并表达幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)hp1188基因,为研究幽门螺杆菌的黏附机制奠定基础。方法用PCR法从H.pylori标准株NCTC11637基因组DNA中扩增hp1188基因,克隆入原核表达载体pQE-30,构建重组原核表达质粒pQE30-hp1188,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE分析表达形式和表达量。表达蛋白经Ni2+-NTA树脂纯化,Western blot鉴定其反应原性。结果所构建的重组表达质粒pQE30-hp1188序列完整,插入的基因片段全长810bp,与GenBank中的hp1188基因同源性达98%。表达的重组蛋白相对分子质量约为30600,以1.0mmol/L IPTG诱导4h,表达量最高,破菌上清和沉淀中均有表达,可溶性蛋白表达量占全菌总蛋白的47%。重组蛋白纯化后纯度可达90%,并可被H.pylori患者血清识别。结论已成功克隆了H.pylori hp1188基因,并在大肠杆菌DH5α中获得高效表达。     

抗幽门螺杆菌治疗胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤继发血小板增多症一例并文献复习

目的 提高对胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤继发血小板增多症的发病机制及其治疗的认识.方法 回顾分析1例胃MALT淋巴瘤继发血小板增多症患者的临床病理资料并复习相关文献.结果 该患者予抗幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)治疗后胃MALT淋巴瘤缓解,血小板计数也随之恢复至正常水平.结论 抗Hp治疗对胃MALT淋巴瘤继发血小板增多症是一种有效的治疗方法.     

根除幽门螺杆菌四联疗法对胃肠道微生态的影响

幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter plyori,Hp)的感染及治疗是全球普遍关注的热点问题。近年来全球多数地区Hp耐药性增加且根除率下降。目前根除Hp的一线疗法为四联疗法,使用的抗生素比三联疗法剂量更大、疗程更长,这会造成胃肠道菌群失调,胃肠道微生态系统的组成发生改变,优势菌群减少,甚至导致小肠细菌过度生长、艰难梭菌的定植等。上述改变很可能与在根除Hp过程中产生的不良反应及根除后感染复发有关。     

抗幽门螺杆菌卵黄抗体的制备及其效价的评定

本论文研究了抗幽门螺杆菌蛋黄抗体(IgY—HP)的制备方法。以HP超声粉碎上清和HP尿素酶混合抗原物免疫鸡蛋，从蛋黄中提取纯化得到了很高纯度的IgY—HP。ELISA实验表明，IgY—HP的抗HP效价和一般IgY相比提高了32倍。其可以应用于食品保健或各种HP相关胃病的抗菌免疫治疗中。