某坝肩边坡开挖优化设计方案研究

为了研究前坪水库右坝肩边坡在设计方案和优化设计方案开挖下的边坡稳定性分析,采用数值分析和极限平衡法进行研究,首先针对边坡典型剖面进行了数值分析,研究边坡的位移和应力分布规律,然后运用极限平衡法得出边坡的安全系数,两种方法结合不仅可以反映边坡的稳定性和位移场之间的关系,而且可以用工程界所熟悉的安全系数来评价边坡的稳定性。结果表明边坡开挖优化设计方案满足边坡稳定性规范要求,且优化方案减少了开挖量,节省了工程投资,使得工程尽早发挥效益。     

板柱与梁板结构受力性能对比研究

以某工程为算例,分别选取合理板柱与梁板结构计算模型,按照相关规范进行大型广场在平时工况与战时工况顶板各构件承载力计算,并对其两种结构型式的受力性能分析对比,以总结出地下人防结构顶板的适用原则,为实际工程设计提供参考依据。     

超长、超大基坑开挖对邻近地铁结构安全影响的数值模拟分析

为了研究超长、超大基坑开挖对邻近地铁结构安全影响,以西安地铁2号线周边某基坑为工程实例,通过运用数值分析软件,结合场地的水文地质和工程地质条件,建立数值模型,进行施工过程的动态模拟,同时进行现场监测,经对比数值模拟结果及监测数据,表明运用PLAXIS软件能有效的模拟基坑开挖过程中的土体变形。同时工程采用的分段、分块开挖,中心岛顺做,周边预留土台反压、使用旋喷锚索的支护方案,对复杂条件下基坑开挖对邻近地铁结构的变形影响能起到有效的控制作用,可对类似工程的设计优化提供有益的参考及借鉴。     

斜拉桥预应力混凝土索塔锚固结构受力性能分析

为了研究U形与直线预应力束混合布置索塔锚固结构的受力特性,以国内某姊妹塔斜拉桥的菱形桥塔为例,采用通用有限元程序建立索塔锚固结构的节段有限元模型,分析索塔锚固结构在预应力荷载与斜拉索水平力共同作用下的受力情况。结果表明:在索塔锚固结构中采用U形与直线预应力束混合布置能较好的满足设计要求,使锚固区整体处于较为合理的压力状态之下,除局部的应力集中外,基本消除了斜拉索作用下顺桥向塔柱的拉应力;在齿块与塔柱内壁的结合处存在应力集中现象,应当引起足够的重视,施工时应严格控制施工质量。     

Analysis of a large number of Markov chains competing for transitions

We consider the behaviour of a stochastic system composed of several identically distributed, but non independent, discrete-time absorbing Markov chains competing at each instant for a transition. The competition consists in determining at each instant, using a given probability distribution, the only Markov chain allowed to make a transition. We analyse the first time at which one of the Markov chains reaches its absorbing state. When the number of Markov chains goes to infinity, we analyse the asymptotic behaviour of the system for an arbitrary probability mass function governing the competition. We give conditions that ensure the existence of the asymptotic distribution and we show how these results apply to cluster-based distributed storage when the competition is handled using a geometric distribution.     

Stability analysis and controller design of interval type-2 fuzzy systems with time delay

The type-2 fuzzy models can handle the system uncertainties directly based on the type-2 fuzzy sets. In this paper, the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model approach is extended to the stability analysis and controller design for interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy systems with time-varying delay. Delay-dependent robust stability criteria are developed in terms of linear matrix inequalities by using the improvement technique of free-weighting matrices. Less conservative results are obtained by considering the information contained in the footprint of uncertainty. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. One is provided to show the merits of the proposed method, the other based on the continuous stirred tank reactor model is given to illustrate the design processes of IT2 fuzzy controller for a nonlinear system with parameter uncertainties.     

Profit optimisation of the multiple-vacation machine repair problem using particle swarm optimisation

This paper investigates a multiple-vacation M/M/1 warm-standby machine repair problem with an unreliable repairman. We first apply a matrix-analytic method to obtain the steady-state probabilities. Next, we construct the total expected profit per unit time and formulate an optimisation problem to find the maximum profit. The particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm is implemented to determine the optimal number of warm standbys S* and the service rate μ* as well as vacation rate ν* simultaneously at the optimal maximum profit. We compare the searching results of the PSO algorithm with those of exhaustive search method to ensure the searching quality of the PSO algorithm. Sensitivity analysis with numerical illustrations is also provided.     

Stability analysis and controller synthesis for discrete uncertain singular fuzzy systems with distinct difference matrices in the rules

This paper mainly studies an extended discrete singular fuzzy model incorporating the multiple difference matrices in the rules and discusses its stability and design issues. By embracing additional algebraic constraint, traditional discrete Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model can be extended to a generalised discrete singular Takagi-Sugeno (GDST-S) model with individual difference matrices E_i in the locally singular models, where it can describe a larger class of physical or non-linear systems. Based on the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach, we focus on deriving some explicit stability and design criteria expressed by the LMIs for the regarded system. Thus, the stability verification and controller synthesis can be performed by the current LMI tools. Finally, some illustrative examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed approach.     

Constructing and applying higher order textons: Estimating breast cancer risk

Texture analysis based on textons is extended by introducing a method for computing textons of arbitrary order. First-, second- and third-order textons are applied to classify screening mammograms as to indicate a low or high risk of breast cancer. First-order textons are found to provide better estimates of breast cancer risk than other orders on their own but the combination of first- and second-order textons outperforms first-order textons alone and other combinations of two orders. Combining all three orders of textons does not improve classification. This example indicates that including higher-order textons has the potential to improve classification performance.     

Visual learning and classification of human epithelial type 2 cell images through spontaneous activity patterns

Identifying the presence of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) in human epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells via the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) protocol is commonly used to diagnose various connective tissue diseases in clinical pathology tests. As it is a labour and time intensive diagnostic process, several computer aided diagnostic (CAD) systems have been proposed. However, the existing CAD systems suffer from numerous shortcomings due to the selection of features, which is commonly based on expert experience. Such a choice of features may not work well when the CAD systems are retasked to another dataset. To address this, in our previous work, we proposed a novel approach that learns a set of filters from HEp-2 cell images. It is inspired by the receptive fields in the mammalian's vision system, since the receptive fields can be thought as a set of filters for similar shapes. We obtain robust filters for HEp-2 cell classification by employing the independent component analysis (ICA) framework. Although, this approach may be held back due to one particular problem; ICA learning requires a sufficiently large volume of training data which is not always available. In this paper, we demonstrate a biologically inspired solution to address this issue via the use of spontaneous activity patterns (SAP). The spontaneous activity patterns, which are related to the spontaneous neural activities initialised by the chemical release in the brain, are found as the typical stimuli for the visual cell development of newborn animals. In the classification system for HEp-2 cells, we propose to model SAP as a set of small image patches containing randomly positioned Gaussian spots. The SAP image patches are generated and mixed with the training images in order to learn filters via the ICA framework. The obtained filters are adopted to extract the set of responses from a HEp-2 cell image. We then employ regions from this set of responses and stack them into “cubic regions”, and apply a classification based on the correlation information of the features. We show that applying the additional SAP leads to a better classification performance on HEp-2 cell images compared to using only the existing patterns for training ICA filters. The improvement on classification is particularly significant when there are not enough specimen images available in the training set, as SAP adds more variations to the existing data that makes the learned ICA model more robust. We show that the proposed approach consistently outperforms three recently proposed CAD systems on two publicly available datasets: ICPR HEp-2 contest and SNPHEp-2.