X80焊管H_2S环境应力腐蚀开裂行为研究

采用三点弯曲加载法和微电极扫描测试技术,研究了X80高强度级管线钢及其焊缝区的抗H2S环境应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)行为。测定了焊接接头的显微硬度分布,分析了显微组织结构、力学性能及抗腐蚀性能之间的相关性。研究表明,热影响区(HAZ)对应力腐蚀开裂最为敏感,母材的纵向和横向取样对应力腐蚀敏感性影响不显著,薄壁管材比厚壁管材有较好的抗H2S环境应力腐蚀性能。HAZ晶粒粗大、硬度高,局部腐蚀倾向大,由此导致该区SSCC敏感性高。     

Fatigue crack growth in SiC particulates reinforced Al matrix graded composite

The SiC/Al graded composite was fabricated by powder metallurgy processing and its fatigue crack growth behavior was studied. The volume percentage of SiC particulates was distributed from 5 to 30% layer by layer on the cross section. Since the aluminium was dissolved together, there was no evident interface between the two layers with different volume fraction of SiC particulates. Fatigue crack growth was in direction of from 5 to 30% SiC layers under sinusoidal wave-form. The retardation of fatigue crack growth was found when crack propagated from low volume fraction of SiC to high volume fraction of SiC. The crack deflection and branching between two layers were observed, which decreased crack growth rates. In view of crack tip driving force, the plasticity mismatch between the layers shielded crack tip driving force, i.e. decreased the effective J-integral at the tip of the crack as the plastic zone of the crack tip spread from the weaker material into the stronger material.     

激光熔覆专用铁基合金粉末的研究进展

指出了目前防止熔覆层开裂所采取的主要措施中存在的问题,阐述了激光熔覆和热喷涂对于所用合金粉末性能要求之异同,评述了激光熔覆专用铁基合金粉末的研制现状,提出了成分与组织设计的新思想。     

Fatigue limit evaluation of notches,small cracks and defects: an engineering approach

In this paper, the average stress method for the fatigue limit evaluation of stress raising geometrical features is revised and extended. In particular, an analytical close‐form approach was used and the linear elastic stress equations were modified by taking into account the effect of nominal stress on the local stress distribution. Hence, the average tangential stress was correctly evaluated over a distance of 2a₀, where a₀ was El Haddad's short crack constant, for long and small notches as well as for crack‐like notches. When this model is applied to a wide range of geometrical features subjected to mode I fatigue loading, the classical shape of the curves of the Kitagawa–Takahashi diagram was obtained for changes in crack‐like notch size. Similarly, notch sensitivity was estimated by reducing the notch tip radius. The accuracy of the proposed method in predicting fatigue limits was then checked by using experimental data taken from the literature and generated on testing specimens weakened by rounded and sharp notches as well as by small artificial defects.     

永升城基础大体积混凝土施工的裂缝预控

基础大体积混凝土施工的裂缝控制 ,从分析产生裂缝的原因来阐述 ,将冷缝作为结构性裂缝来预控     

On the corrosion fatigue crack initiation model and expression of metallic notched elements

In the present study, attempts are made to extend the application of the mechanical model for the fatigue crack initiation (FCI) and the FCI life formula of metallic notched elements in laboratory air to those in the corrosive environment. The test results and analysis of the corrosion FCI (CFCI) life of aluminum alloys and Ti---6A1---4V show that the expression of the CFCI life obtained by modifying the FCI life formula in laboratory air can give a good fit to the test results of the CFCI life. The salt water (3.5% NaCl) environment has no effects on the CFCI resistant coefficient compared with the FCI resistant coefficient in laboratory air. However, 3.5% NaCl environment greatly decreases the CFCI threshold of aluminum alloy, but has little effect on the CFCI threshold of Ti---6A1---4V. The loading frequency ranging from 1 Hz to 10 Hz has no appreciable effect on the CFCI life, and thus, the CFCI threshold of aluminum alloys investigated. Hence, the expression for the CFCI life of metallic notched elements proposed in this study is a better one, which reveals a correlation between the CFCI life and the governing parameters, such as, the geometry of the notched elements, the nominal stress range, the stress ratio, the tensile properties and the CFCI threshold. However, this new expression of the CFCI life needs to be verified by more test results.     

STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS AND WEIGHT FUNCTIONS FOR SEMI-ELLIPTICAL SURFACE CRACKS IN FINITE-THICKNESS PLATES UNDER TWO-DIMENSIONAL STRESS DISTRIBUTION

Abstract— A Fourier series approach is proposed to calculate stress intensity factors using weight functions for semi-elliptical surface cracks in flat plates subjected to two-dimensional stress distributions. The weight functions were derived from reference stress intensity factors obtained by three-dimensional finite element analyses. The close form weight functions derived are suitable for the calculation of stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical surface cracks in flat plates under two-dimensional stress distributions with the crack aspect ratio in the range of 0.1 ≤ a/c ≤ 1 and relative depth in the range of 0 ≤ a/t ≤ 0.8. Solutions were verified using several two-dimensional non-linear stress distributions; the maximum difference being 6%.     

COMPRESSION FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF AN ALUMINIUM ALLOY: EFFECT OF OVERLOADING

Abstract— The behaviour of fatigue cracks in an Al-alloy under cyclic compression, either with or without overloads, was studied. For constant-amplitude compressive cycling, a non-catastrophic (saturation) character of the fatigue crack behaviour was confirmed, with the final depth of a crack depending on the applied load level. Single (tensile or compressive) intermittent overloads were shown to re-activate a previously arrested crack while reversed (tensile—compressive or compressive—tensile) ones were also shown to maintain continual fatigue crack extension under otherwise fully compressive cycling.     

关于后张预应力混凝土结构优化设计的几个问题

结合UP软件编程实践，本文对后张预应力混凝土结构计算程序中引入优化功能的意义进行了论述，提出了预应力筋与普通钢筋之间的最优搭配关系，优化原点概念及相关影响因素，列出了优化计算程序所应涉及的基本计算内容，并对当前后张预应力混凝土结构设计中的一些观点提出了不同意见。     

Incoloy 800H合金的应用和性能分析

通过对耐热耐蚀合金Incoloy 80 0H的性能分析 ,指出它与普通奥氏体不锈钢相比具有较优的抗氧化性能、耐蚀性和高温蠕变强度。针对催化裂化装置同轴式沉降再生器内部所用Incoloy 80 0H焊件易出现裂纹的问题进行分析 ,认为在施焊过程中由于合金凝固时有低熔点金属或化合物的液态膜残留在晶界区 ,该合金具有高的焊接热裂纹敏感性 ,若焊材选择不当 ,焊丝填充不充分、缺少保护气等将导致晶间裂纹产生。提出了该合金采用TIG焊接防止热裂纹产生的措施。