聚酰胺66的复配阻燃研究

采用35％磷-溴-锑复配阻燃体系对聚酰胺66进行阻燃，极限氧指数可提高到33．6％，达到UL94-V0级(1．6mm)，且无熔融滴落。阻燃体系的添加会导致聚酰胺66力学性能的下降，但与无机阻燃体系相比较，磷-溴-锑复配阻燃体系对聚酰胺66的力学性能影响较小。采用扫描电镜观察阻燃剂在聚酰胺66中的分散效果，发现分散均匀的体系，在水中或者在110℃的析出实验条件下，阻燃剂的析出量很小，可以维持较长时间的阻燃效果。     

水煤浆厂生产现状与发展

总结了目前国内水煤浆生产厂的类型和规模,介绍了水煤浆产品的品种、质量特征以及水煤浆厂的生产技术经济指标,阐述了我国水煤浆厂生产的现状与发展趋势。     

基于微结构指标响应曲面法的固化盐渍土力学特性分析

固化土力学强度指标与固化土结构变化的关系是盐渍土特性研究中的重要问题。选取颗粒粒度分维D_(ps)、颗粒定向分维D_(di)、等效直径D_e为试验因素,利用响应曲面法进行试验。响应曲面模型可以对固化土的力学性能指标进行分析和预测,利用该模型研究石灰固化盐渍土的力学强度指标与最优微结构参数之间的关系,并进行了验证。结果表明,固化土微结构最优指标是粒度分维D_(ps)为0.8、颗粒定向分维D_(di)为0.93、等效直径D_e为1.75时,固化土无侧限抗压强度q达到1.636 MPa,与实测值仅相差0.038 MPa;黏聚力c为456.7 k Pa,与实测值完全一致;内摩擦角为39.6°,与实测值仅相差0.2°。该模型为探讨各类固化盐渍土物理化学指标、各掺加料比例及固化土微结构之间相互关系提供了借鉴和依据。     

水利工程施工应急能力G1-灰色评价方法研究

为有效加强水利工程应急能力建设,采用G1-灰色综合评价法对水利工程应急能力进行了综合评价研究。在水利工程施工特点和应急管理研究基础上,建立应急能力评价指标体系。通过采用G1法分析各应急能力评价指标相互关系,确定了指标权重。引入灰色理论将样本信息处理成灰色评价矩阵,并结合指标权重进行单值化处理得到应急能力综合评价值和评价等级。研究结果表明,搜救抢险能力、应急资源调配能力和应急决策指挥能力对于水利工程应急能力建设起到最主要的作用。该评价方法不仅可揭示指标重要程度关系,还能有效量化和评价水利工程项目综合应急水平,具有较好的实用性。     

50年来辽宁省不同等级舒适日数演变及空间区划分析

根据1964—2015年辽宁省23个气象站点的逐日平均气温、相对湿度及平均风速资料,采用人体舒适度指数法计算人体舒适度指数,在季尺度上分析辽宁省不同等级舒适日数演变情况及典型旅游城市最佳旅游期;运用旋转经验正交函数分解法(REOF),分析人体舒适度指数季尺度空间变化特征,并应用ArcGIS软件进行舒适区域划分。结果表明:①辽宁省多年平均冷不舒适日数呈降低趋势,舒适日数呈增加趋势,热不舒适日数也呈微弱增加趋势;舒适程度夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季;②除冬季外5座典型旅游城市均适宜旅游,夏季为最佳旅游期;其中,沈阳、本溪更适宜春季旅游,大连更适宜秋季旅游。③辽宁省四季舒适度变化情况可大致划分为辽西、辽中、辽东三个区域,具体划分情况随季节有相应变化,总体舒适度由辽宁东部向西部逐渐递减。     

Modularized design for cooperative control and plug-and-play operation of networked heterogeneous systems

In this paper, a cooperative control analysis and design method is investigated for heterogeneous dynamical systems that may be of arbitrary relative degree or nonminimum-phase or both. To achieve consensus or cooperative stability, a negative value of input-feedforward passivity index is used to accommodate and analyze such systems, and the magnitude of the index value is also used as the impact coefficient to quantify the impacts of heterogeneous dynamics of these systems on their networked operations. Physical-system-level designs are explicitly carried out to make individual linear and nonlinear systems (which are either feedback linearizable or nonminimum phase of certain form) become passivity-short and to embed one pure integrator into their input–output dynamics. The network-level distributed control can simply be chosen without any knowledge of the heterogeneous dynamics but with only information of an upper bound on their impact coefficients. It is shown, using the impact equivalence principle, that these controls separately designed but implemented together always ensure either local or global consensus and that a global non-trivial consensus emerges if and only if the information network has at least one globally reachable node or is varying but cumulatively connected. The proposed methodology of fully modularized designs unravels complexity of analyzing and designing cyber–physical systems and enables their plug-and-play into networked operations.     

苯并呋喃酮在抑制聚丙烯降解过程中的作用

采用多次挤出的方法对三种不同结构苯并呋喃酮与受阻酚及亚磷酸酯的三元复配稳定体系在等规聚丙烯 (PP)中的稳定化作用进行了研究。结果表明:含5,7-二叔丁基-3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮 (OXBF1)的复配体系3#配方5次挤出之后的熔体流动速率相对于其同分异构体5,7-二叔丁基-3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮(PXBF1)、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮 (MXBF1)复配体系的5#配方和6#配方分别下降了24．8％和26％;并且,其抑制所稳定PP加工发黄的作用优于其他两种结构,使得3#配方5次挤出之后的黄度指数(YI)相对于5#配方和6#配方分别下降了9．3％和11．9％;此外,亚磷酸酯对氢过氧化物的还原作用同样提高了苯并呋喃酮高温含氧条件下在PP中的热氧稳定化作用。     

Synthesis and characterization of new flame‐retardant poly(amide‐imide)s containing phosphine oxide and hydantoin moieties in the main chain

Six new flame‐retardant poly(amide‐imide)s (PAIs) 9a–f with high inherent viscosities containing phosphine oxide and hydantoin moieties in main chain were synthesized from the polycondensation reaction of N,N′‐(3,3′‐diphenylphenylphosphine oxide) bistrimellitimide diacid chloride 7 with six hydantoin derivatives 8a–f by two different methods such as solution and microwave assisted polycondensation. Results showed that the microwave assisted polycondensation, by using a domestic microwave oven, proceeded rapidly, compared with solution polycondensation, and was completed in about 7–9 min. All of the obtained polymers were fully characterized by means of elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, solubility test, and FTIR spectroscopy. Thermal properties and flame retardant behavior of the PAIs 9a–f were investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG) and limited Oxygen index (LOI). Data obtained by thermal analysis (TGA and DTG) revealed that these polymers showed good thermal stability. Furthermore, high char yields in TGA and good LOI values indicated that these polymers are capable of exhibiting good flame retardant properties. These polymers can be potentially utilized in flame retardant thermoplastic materials. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5062–5071, 2006     

Reliability-based robust design optimization: A general methodology using genetic algorithm

In this paper, we present an improved general methodology including four stages to design robust and reliable products under uncertainties. First, as the formulation stage, we consider reliability and robustness simultaneously to propose the new formulation of reliability-based robust design optimization (RBRDO) problems. In order to generate reliable and robust Pareto-optimal solutions, the combination of genetic algorithm with reliability assessment loop based on the performance measure approach is applied as the second stage. Next, we develop two criteria to select a solution from obtained Pareto-optimal set to achieve the best possible implementation. Finally, the result verification is performed with Monte Carlo Simulations and also the quality improvement during manufacturing process is considered by identifying and controlling the critical variables. The effectiveness and applicability of this new proposed methodology is demonstrated through a case study.     

炼石水泥厂2300t/d熟料生产线的达产达标

福建水泥股份有限公司炼石水泥厂2300t／d生产线(即#4窑)由南京水泥工业设计研究院开发设计，2000年11月动工，建设周期为10个月，2001年9月即实现3d达标考核该线大量采用国产化设备，烧成系统、窑头喷煤管、煤磨系统等应用南京院专有专利技术2002年共生产熟料71．54万t，28d强度平均达57.3MPa，全年运转率达83．6％，全面实现了达产达标。