炼化含盐污水处理技术进展

针对炼化企业含盐废水的来源及水质特性，提出适合炼化企业含盐废水的处理工艺：曝气生物滤池工艺（BAF）、A／O生化法、双膜及其他工艺，分析了高盐类废水对生物处理技术的影响。     

高温耐火纤维整体拼装在轧钢加热炉炉顶上的运用

高温耐火纤维整体拼装作为一种先进的材料和技术,在轧钢加热炉炉顶上运用比传统的耐火材料炉顶有着显著的优点,能大幅度延长炉顶的使用寿命,减少加热炉的热损失,缩短加热炉炉顶的检修时间,提高炉子生产率。     

重铬酸盐法测定水质化学需氧量

在水样中加入已知量的重铬酸钾溶液,并在强酸介质下,经沸腾回流后,以试亚铁灵为指示剂,用硫酸亚铁铵滴定水样中未被还原的重铬酸钾,由消耗的硫酸亚铁铵的量换算成消耗氧的质量浓度。     

湿法气流床气化炉耐火材料使用寿命的探讨

针对湿法气流床气化炉耐火材料损耗严重的问题,从块状剥落、烧蚀损伤、冲蚀损伤、化学侵蚀4方面进行了原因分析,提出可以通过合理选煤、改善工艺、合理选材及精心筑炉等手段延长耐火砖寿命。     

Calcium dosing for the simultaneous control of biomass retention and the enhancement of fermentative biohydrogen production in an innovative fixed-film bioreactor

Biohydrogen (bioH₂) production via dark fermentation is an attractive approach to overcome the drawbacks of conventional hydrogen production methods and represents a preliminary alternative for the management of organic wastes. Fundamental studies are still required to enhance the performance of bioH₂ production systems, with emphasis on the development of novel reactor configurations. The anaerobic structured-bed reactor (ASTBR) is a recently developed configuration with great potential for bioH₂ production, although operating strategies are still required to minimize biomass washout in such systems. In this context, calcium dosing has been investigated as a strategy to enhance both biomass retention and bioH₂ production rates in the ASTBR. The present study employed varying COD/calcium ratios (4423, 2079, 1357, 1012, 884, and 632) in continuous experiments under mesophilic conditions (25 °C). Calcium dosing effectively enhanced biomass retention within the ASTBR, directly increasing the availability of metabolic energy for different metabolic pathways rather than cell synthesis. An optimal COD/calcium ratio of 1360 was mathematically estimated for bioH₂ production, which is consistent with the results obtained experimentally. The specific organic loading rate (SOLR) was better controlled at this ratio, indicating the establishment of balanced conditions in terms of substrate availability and biomass concentration. Conversely, bioH₂ production was severely impaired at COD/calcium values below and above the optimal range, most likely due to enhancement of the homoacetogenic pathway as a result of unbalanced conditions in the SOLR. Furthermore, biomass accumulation did not strongly affect the mean residence time of the ASTBR, facilitating its robust and enhanced solid retention.     

二段转化炉内部耐火衬里局部修复和更换

介绍二段转化炉内部下锥段的耐火衬里和拱砖损坏情况,以及衬里局部修复、拱砖更换的施工过程和管理经验。     

催化裂化装置再生斜管优化设计

对国内某催化裂化装置再生斜管的支撑方案进行了分析,详细阐述了支撑方案中支撑碟簧的选型设计,包括计算壳体壁温和两器系统各部分热膨胀值,并对设置碟簧前后的斜管两固定端受力进行了对比:膨胀节前后设置碟簧支撑比未设置时受力减少78％以上.同时也对再生斜管的衬里结构进行了分析,衬里的设置既要考虑到隔热,又要考虑到耐磨,并提出了确保衬里施工质量的措施.再生斜管优化设计后,该装置开车2 a,再生斜管运行良好,未出现振动及局部过热现象.     

新型连续流三维粒子电极反应器的设计及处理效能的研究

本项目在板框式反应器基础上设计制作出新型连续流三维粒子电极反应器,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了负载Sb掺杂SnO2平板电极及粒子电极;以杀稗净农药废水为研究对象,优化了粒子电极的催化反应参数。