Synergistic Influence of Poly(4-Vinylpyridine) and Potassium Iodide on Inhibition of Corrosion of Mild Steel in 1M HCl

The corrosion and inhibition behavior of mild steel in 1 M HCl in the presence of poly(4-vinylpyridine)(P4VP) and potassium iodide (KI) was investigated using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization studies and impedance measurements. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing P4VP concentration. The inhibiting action of P4VP is considerably enhanced by the addition of potassium iodide. The adsorption of this compound either alone or in combination with iodide ions on the metal surface is found to obey Lamgmir's adsorption isotherm. The experimental results suggest that the presence of iodide ions in the solution increases the surface coverage and, therefore, indicate the joint adsorption of P4VP and iodide ions. On the other hand, it was found that the inhibiting effect of P4VP and (P4VP + KI) increased with increasing temperature of the corrosion medium. The presence of these species in the solution decreases the double layer capacitance and increases the charge transfer resistance, both derived from Nyquist plots obtained from a.c. impedance studies. The variation of charge transfer resistance with time suggests that the inhibitive action of (P4VP + KI) depends mainly on the protective inhibitor film formed on the steel surface.     

不锈钢转化器在中小型硫酸装置上的应用前景

分析了传统碳钢转化器存在的缺点。相对于碳钢转化器，不锈钢转化器具有结构简单、安装方便、耐高温、不易漏气、维护工作量小等优点。通过碳钢转化器和不锈钢转化器结构和造价的比较，表明不锈钢转化器在中小型硫酸装置中也有良好的应用前景。     

Polyaniline for corrosion prevention of mild steel coupled with copper

Polyaniline emeraldine base/epoxy resin (EB/ER) coating was investigated for corrosion protection of mild steel coupled with copper in 3.5% NaCl solution. EB/ER coating with 5-10 wt% EB had long-term corrosion resistance on both uncoupled steel and copper due to the passivation effect of EB on the metal surfaces. During the 150 immersion days, the impedance at 0.1 Hz for the coating increased in the first 1-40 days and subsequently remained constant above 10⁹ Ω cm², whereas that for pure ER coating fell below 10⁶ Ω cm² after only 30 or 40 days. Immersion tests on coated steel-copper galvanic couple showed that EB/ER coating offered 100 times more protection than ER coating against steel dissolution and coating delamination on copper, which was mainly attributed to the passive metal oxide films formed by EB blocking both the anodic and cathodic reactions. Salt spray tests showed that 100 μm EB/ER coating protected steel-copper couple for at least 2000 h.     

Bulk and Interphase Effects in Aged Structural Joints

Although structural adhesives are becoming widespread in numerous applications, one important limitation at present is the long term behaviour of bonded assemblies under conditions of high humidity, especially at elevated temperatures. This study presents a comparison between bulk properties of a structural epoxy resin and its behaviour in a torsional joint consisting of a hollowed-out cylinder bonded to a plate—both substrates being in stainless steel. Exposure to ca. 100% relative humidity at 70°C leads to modification of the bulk properties of the polymer, notably reduction of its elastic modulus. Although this may explain some differences in behaviour of the torsional joint, premature failure is attributed to weaknesses in the interphase zone.

Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) has been employed to investigate both unbonded steel surfaces and fracture zones. Although prolonged exposure to water leads to a more extensive degree of (apparently) adhesive failure at the interface polymer/metal, AES has shown the presence of non-negligible quantities of carbon, attributed to residual polymer. Failure would seem to occur, at least partly, in a weak interphase of the polymer, near, but not at, the interface.

Various possible causes are evoked. For dry failure, residual polymer may be due to the topography of the metal surface and/or local modification of the adhesive during cure. In the case of aged joints, in addition there are potential effects due to swelling and differential stresses, secondary bond failure and molecular chain scission within the polymer, all provoked by the presence of water.     

Effect of fretting amplitudes on fretting wear behavior of steel wires in coal mines

Given that fretting wear causes failure in steel wires, we carried out tangential fretting wear tests of steel wires on a self-made fretting wear test rig under contact loads of 9 and 29 N and fretting amplitudes ranging from 5 to 180 μm. We observed morphologies of fretted steel wire surfaces on an S-3000N scanning electron microscope in order to analyze fretting wear mecha-nisms. The results show that the fretting regime of steel wires transforms from partial slip regime into mixed fretting regime and gross slip regime with an increase in fretting amplitudes under a given contact load. In partial slip regime, the friction coefficient has a relatively low value. Four stages can be defined in mixed fretting and gross slip regimes. The fretting wear of steel wires in-creases obviously with increases in fretting amplitudes. Fretting scars present a typical morphology of annularity, showing slight damage in partial slip regime. However, wear clearly increases in mixed fretting regime where wear mechanism is a combination of plastic deformation, abrasive wear and oxidative wear. In gross slip regime, more severe degradation is present than in the other regimes. The main fretting wear mechanisms of steel wires are abrasive wear, surface fatigue and friction oxidation.     

GCr15轴承钢连铸过程中热物性参数的研究

借鉴前人实验数据,采用一定的数学方法,对轴承钢的热物性参数进行了研究.结果表明：GCr15轴承钢的液相线温度为1 465.7℃,固相线温度为1 328.4℃,零强度温度为1 380℃左右,零塑性温度为1 330℃左右;在固相区、液固两相区、液相区分别采用不同的公式进行处理,可使结果更加准确,还避免了奇异性.研究结果可为轴承钢连铸工艺有限元模拟提供基础.     

型钢翼缘狗骨式削弱在型钢混凝土节点的作用

为了防止地震时型钢混凝土节点核心区发生剪切破坏以及梁柱连接焊缝发生脆性断裂,提出对型钢混凝土节点核心区附近梁端型钢的上、下翼缘采取狗骨式削弱,并系统研究翼缘削弱对提高型钢混凝土节点抗震性能的作用.研究表明,由于在梁端型钢翼缘采取狗骨式削弱,不仅能够将塑性铰控制在梁型钢削弱的位置,从而有效地降低了节点核心区所受的剪力以及梁柱连接焊缝的应力;而且能够改善节点塑性铰区的转动能力和抗剪性能,提高节点的延性和耗能能力.     

改善钢桥面铺装层高温作用的有效措施

为了降低钢桥面铺装层内较高的温度,提高铺装材料使用性能,推迟桥面的早期破坏.采用有限元手段,以傅里叶传热定律为理论基础,根据气象部门提供的气象资料,对开放式钢箱梁及封闭式钢箱梁铺装层的温度场进行研究.结果表明:开放式箱梁可以降低桥面铺装层温度,降低高温持续作用时间,改变桥面铺装层高温的作用位置.     

新型钢铅组合耗能器性能试验及参数优选

为了考察新型钢铅组合耗能器(NCSLD)的力学性能和提高其耗能能力,利用电液伺服压剪试验机对NCSLD耗能器进行力学性能试验,采用ANSYS实体建模的方法对耗能器进行大量的数值分析,并对性能试验和数值分析的结果进行对比,研究耗能器的滞回特征参数与其6个几何参数之间的关系,回归出二者之间的公式.提出评价耗能器性能优劣的标准及其附加条件,并以此标准为依据,利用均匀设计法和遗传算法分别对耗能器的6个几何参数进行优选.结果表明遗传算法的选优效果要好于均匀设计法,同时得到一系列性能良好的NCSLD耗能器.