一种改性石油磺酸钠的合成与表征

以大庆炼化公司的渣油-糠醛抽出油为原料，通过付-克反应、knoevenagcl反应和磺化反应，合成了一种改性石油磺酸钠（PCS）。对产物进行了表征及性能测试，并与普通石油磺酸钠性能进行比较。     

A study of diffusion in poly(ethyleneglycol)-gelatin based semi-interpenetrating networks for use in wound healing

Semi-interpenetrating networks (sIPNs) designed to mimic extracellular matrix via covalent crosslinking of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate in the presence of gelatin have been shown to aid in wound healing, particularly when loaded with soluble factors. Ideal systems for tissue repair permit an effective release of therapeutic agents and flow of nutrients to proliferating cells. Appropriate network characterization can, consequently, be used to convey an understanding of the mass transfer kinetics necessary for materials to aid in the wound healing process. Solute transport from and through sIPNs has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. In the current study, the diffusivity of growth factors and nutrients through the polymeric system was determined. Transport of keratinocyte growth factor was modeled by treating the sIPN as a plane sheet into which the protein was loaded. The diffusion coefficient was determined to be 4.86 × 10⁻⁹ ± 1.86 × 10⁻¹² cm²/s. Glucose transport was modeled as flow through a semi-permeable membrane. Using lag-time analysis, the diffusion coefficient was calculated to be 2.25 × 10⁻⁶ ± 1.98 × 10⁻⁷ cm²/s. The results were evaluated in conjunction with previous studies on controlled drug release from sIPNs. As expected from Einstein-Stokes equation, diffusivity decreased as molecular size increased. The results offer insight into the structure-function design paradigm and show that release from the polymeric system is diffusion controlled, rather than dissolution controlled.     

A New On-Line Method for Predicting Iron Ore Pellet Quality

The Abrasion Index (AI) describes fines generation from iron ore pellets, and is one of the most common indicators of pellet quality. In a typical pellet plant, dust is generated during the process and then captured. Can the dust be measured and used to predict AI? In this paper, the feasibility of using airborne dust measurements as an indicator of AI is investigated through laboratory tests and using data from a pellet plant. Bentonite clay, polyacrylamide and pregelled cornstarch contents, and induration temperature were adjusted to control the abrasion resistance of laboratory iron ore pellets. AI were observed to range from approximately 1% to 12%. Size distributions of the abrasion progeny were measured and used to estimate quantities of PM₁₀ (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 µm) produced during abrasion. A very good correlation between AI and PM₁₀ (R² = 0.90) was observed using the laboratory pellets. Similarly, a correlation was observed between AI and PM measured in the screening chimney at a straight-grate pelletization plant in Brazil, with an R² value of 0.65. Thus, the laboratory and industry data suggest that measuring dust generation from fired pellets may be an effective on-line measurement of pellet quality. The data also showed that particulate emissions from pelletization plants may be directly affected by AI.     

Stability analysis and characterization of the nano emulsified Jatropha-curcas-based bio-fuel

This work investigates the suspension duration of the nanosized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) in B20, B50 and B70 blends of Jatropha Methyl ester. The MWCNT and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) are added to the fuel blends in the proportions of 50 and 100 pmm separately by ultra sonication. The prepared fuel samples are characterized, and turbidity analysis was done to find the stability rate of nano-additives. The outcomes reveal the maximum stability rate for MWCNT and Al₂O₃ as 83.3% and 87.03%, respectively, with 50ppm in B20 over a period of eighteen days. A considerable drop in suspension was observed with the 100 ppm MWCNT and Al₂O₃ biodiesel blends.     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Electrical Properties of New Crosslinked Conjugated Polymer Based on Acetyl Acetone Moiety

A new crosslinked conjugated polymer has been prepared by condensation of acetyl acetone with terephthalaldehyde using hydrogen chlorides as a catalyst and ethanol as a solvent. The resulting polymer was investigated by spectroscopic methods (IR,¹H-NMR). The inherent viscosity was found to be about 0.92 dl/g. The crosslinked conjugated polymer is semicrystalline and partially soluble in most common organic solvents but freely soluble in the aprotic solvent. The synthesized polymer was evaluated by TGA analyses and has been found to be thermally stable. The morphology of the dry polymer was examined by scanning electron microscope, and the electrical conductivity was found to be in the range of 10^?6 Ω^?1 m^?1 at room temperature and above up to 44°C.     

Electrochemical Polymerization of 3-Methoxyaniline and Characterization of the Obtained Polymer

ABSTRACT

Electropolymerization of 3-methoxyaniline on platinum electrode in acid medium was carried out under different reaction conditions such as temperature, current density, hydrochloric acid, and monomer concentrations with duration time. The initial rate of the electropolymerization reaction is small and the orders are found to be 0.99, 0.98, and 0.97 with respect to current density, acid, and monomer concentrations, respectively. The apparent activation energy (E_a) is found to be 59.673 KJ mol^?1. The rate law is RP = K₂[D]^0.99 [HCl]^0.98 [M]^0.97. The obtained polymer films were characterized by ¹H-NMR, elemental analysis, IR, and cyclic voltammetry. The mechanism of the electropolymerization reaction has also been discussed. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to confirm the proposed structure and determination of the number of water molecules in the polymeric chain unit. X-ray and scanning electron microscopic analysis were used to investigate the surface morphology.     

Characterization of Commercial Grades of Poly(Carbonate of Bisphenol A)

This study characterized three different commercial grades of poly(carbonate of bisphenol A) samples (for extrusion, CD, and DVD) by several instrumental analysis methods, such as elemental analysis (EA), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The results of EA and ICP-MS showed that the chemical composition of the samples has no significant differences and the C/H ratio approaches theoretical value. The most abundant metal element in the samples is Fe. FTIR spectra demonstrated they have the same chain structure. Comparing the intrinsic viscosities and viscosity average molecular weights from the results of viscometry analysis, the values fell in the order: extrusion grade > CD grade > DVD grade. Various thermal properties determined by DSC and TG analysis showed the same sequence as the results of viscometry analysis and a close relationship between molecular weight and thermal properties was found.     

Electropolymerization of 2-Methoxyaniline: Kinetic Studies,Mechanism, Characterization of the Polymer and Applications as Corrosion Protection for Mild Steel in Acid Medium

Electropolymerization of 2-methoxyaniline on platinum electrode in acid medium was carried out under different reaction conditions as temperature, current density, hydrochloric acid, and monomer concentrations with reaction duration time. The initial rate of the electropolymerization reaction is small and the orders are found to be 1.18, 1.25, and 0.88 with respect to current density, HCl, and monomer concentrations, respectively. The apparent activation energy (Ea) is found to be 56.87 kJ/mol. The obtained polymer films are characterized by ¹H-NMR, elemental analysis, and IR spectroscopic studies. The mechanism of the electropolymerization reaction has also been discussed. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to confirm the proposed structure and determination of the number of water molecules associated with each polymeric chain unit. X-ray and scanning electron microscopic analysis were used to investigate the surface morphology. The corrosion behavior of uncoated and coated mild steel electrode with poly (2-Methoxyaniline) in 1 M HCl at 25°C was investigated potentiodynamically. The various electrochemical parameters (I_corr, E_corr, and P%) were calculated from Tafel plots for uncoated and coated electrodes. The influence of some coating conditions as duration time, current density of the electropolymerization, and monomer concentrations were investigated. The data reveal that the presence of coated polymer films on the electrode surface increase the cathodic and anodic polarization compared to the uncoated sample.     

Monoolein–Water Liquid Crystalline Gels of Gentamicin as Bioresorbable Implants for the Local Treatment of Chronic Osteomyelitis: In Vitro Characterization

To maximize the efficacy of chronic osteomyelitis antibiotherapy while reducing antibiotic systemic toxicity, as well as time and costs of hospitalizations, it has been thought that monoolein–water gels incorporating gentamicin sulfate could be used as local, bioresorbable, and sustained-release implants. For this purpose, four formulations were examined with regard to their physicochemical and in vitro drug release characteristics. Hot stage microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction showed cubic liquid crystalline and eutectic structures. The more suitable formulation consisting of 80–15–5% wt/wt monoolein–water–gentamicin sulfate progressively released the antibiotic for a period of 3 weeks without burst effect. Moreover, the content and the release profile of gentamicin sulfate were not significantly changed after storage at 2–6°C for a period of 10 months.